灸脾俞百壮。又灸三焦俞百壮。又灸肾俞百壮。又灸章门百壮,在季肋端。
治腰痛小便不利,苦胞转方∶
灸玉泉七壮,穴在关元下一寸,大人从心下度,取八寸是玉泉穴,小儿斟酌取之。又灸
第十五椎五十壮。又灸脐下一寸。又灸脐下四寸,各随年壮。
(论一首)
论曰∶夫三焦者,一名三关也。上焦名三管反射,中焦名霍乱,下焦名走哺。合而为一
,有名无形,主五脏六腑往还神道,周身贯体,可闻而不可见,和利精气,决通水道,息气
肠胃之间,不可不知也。三焦名中清之腑,别号玉海。水道出属膀胱合者,虽合而不同。上
中下三焦同号为孤腑,而营出中焦,卫出上焦。营者络脉之气道也,卫者经脉之气道也。其
三焦形相浓薄大小,并同膀胱之形云。
三焦病者,腹胀气满,少腹尤坚不得小便,窘急溢则为水,留则为胀,候在足太阳之外
大络,在太阳少阳之间亦见于脉,取委阳。
小腹肿痛不得小便,邪在三焦,约取太阳大络视其结脉,与厥阴小络结而血者,肿上及
胃脘,取三里。
三焦胀者,气满于皮肤,壳壳而不坚疼(一云壳壳而坚)。久咳不已传之三焦,咳而
腹
手少阳之脉,起于小指次指之端,上出两指之间,循手表腕出臂外两骨之间,上贯肘循
外上肩,而交出足少阳之后,入缺盆交膻中,散络心包下膈,遍属三焦。其支者,从膻中
上出缺盆,上项,挟耳后,直上出耳上角,以屈下额至 。其支者,从耳后入耳中,出走耳
前,过客主人前,交颊至目锐 。是动则病,耳聋 ,咽肿喉痹。是主气所生病者,
汗出目锐 痛。颊肿,耳后肩 肘臂外皆痛,小指次指不用。为此诸病盛则泻之,虚则补之,
热则疾之,寒则留之,陷下则灸之,不盛不虚以经取之。盛者人迎大再倍于寸口,虚者人迎
反小于寸口也。
灸脾俞穴一百壮。又灸三焦俞穴一百壮。又灸肾俞穴一百壮。又灸章门穴一百壮,该穴位于季肋端。
治疗腰痛伴小便不利、痛苦于膀胱扭转(胞转)的方剂:
灸玉泉穴七壮,穴位在关元穴下一寸处,成人从心下量取八寸即为玉泉穴的位置,小儿则酌情减量。又灸第十五椎旁五十壮。又灸脐下一寸处。又灸脐下四寸处,各随患者年龄决定艾炷数量。
(一篇论述)
论述说:所谓三焦,又名三关。上焦名为“三管反射”,中焦名为“霍乱”,下焦名为“走哺”。三者合而为一,有名而无固定形态,主管五脏六腑之间神气的往来,贯通全身,可以感知其功能而不可见其形,调和精气,疏通水道,在肠胃之间息止气机,这些道理是不可不知的。三焦被称为“清之腑”,别称“玉海”。水道出属膀胱,虽然与膀胱相合但功能不同。上、中、下三焦同称为“孤腑”,其中营气出于中焦,卫气出于上焦。营气是络脉中的气机通道,卫气是经脉中的气机通道。其三焦的形状、厚薄、大小,都如同膀胱的形态一样。
三焦发生病变时,会出现腹部胀满气滞,小腹部尤其坚硬导致无法小便,窘迫急迫,溢出的成为水湿,停留的成为胀满。诊察部位在足太阳膀胱经之外的大络,在太阳经和少阳经之间也能在脉象上见到,治疗应取委阳穴。
小腹部肿痛且无法小便,病邪在三焦,应当选取太阳经的大络,观察其结聚的脉象;如果与厥阴经的小络结聚且有瘀血,肿胀向上延伸至胃脘部,应取足三里穴。
三焦胀病时,气充满于皮肤之下,感觉壳壳然(形容胀满的样子)且不坚实疼痛(另一种说法是壳壳然而坚实)。久咳不愈传变至三焦,咳嗽并伴有腹部……
手少阳三焦经的经脉,起始于无名指末端,上行出于两指之间,沿手腕背面,行于前臂外侧两骨之间,上行穿过肘部,沿上臂外侧上行至肩部,而在足少阳胆经之后交叉,进入缺盆,联络膻中,散络于心包,向下穿过横膈,遍属于三焦。其支脉,从膻中上行出于缺盆,上项部,挟耳后,直上出于耳上角,然后屈折下行至面颊部到达眼眶下。另一支脉,从耳后入耳中,出走耳前,经过客主人穴(上关穴)前方,交叉于面颊部,到达目外眦。本经发生变动就会生病,出现耳聋、咽喉肿痛、喉痹。本经主治气分所生的疾病,表现为汗出、目外眦疼痛、脸颊肿胀、耳后、肩、肘、臂外侧均疼痛,无名指不能活动。对于上述各种病症,实证用泻法,虚证用补法,热证用疾刺法,寒证用留针法,阳气下陷用灸法,不虚不实者按本经取穴治疗。实证时人迎脉比寸口脉大二倍,虚证时人迎脉反而小于寸口脉。
Moxibustion is applied to the Pishu (BL20) acupoint for 100 moxa cones. Moxibustion is also applied to the Sanjiaoshu (BL22) acupoint for 100 moxa cones. Moxibustion is further applied to the Shenshu (BL23) acupoint for 100 moxa cones. Moxibustion is additionally applied to the Zhangmen (LR13) acupoint for 100 moxa cones; this point is located at the end of the floating rib.
Formula for treating lower back pain with difficult urination and severe discomfort due to bladder torsion (Baopzhuan):
Apply moxibustion to the Yuquan (EX-CA3) acupoint for 7 moxa cones. The acupoint is located one cun below the Guanyuan (CV4) acupoint. For adults, measure eight cun downwards from the epigastrium to locate the Yuquan acupoint; for children, adjust the dosage accordingly. Apply moxibustion to the side of the fifteenth thoracic vertebra for 50 moxa cones. Apply moxibustion one cun below the umbilicus. Apply moxibustion four cun below the umbilicus; the number of moxa cones should be adjusted according to the patient's age.
(One Treatise)
The treatise states: The Sanjiao (Triple Burner), also known as the Three Passes, comprises three parts. The Upper Jiao is named "San Guan Fan She" (Three Tubes Reflection), the Middle Jiao is named Huoluan (Cholera-like disorder), and the Lower Jiao is named Zoubu (Wasting away). Together they form one entity, having a name but no fixed form. They govern the circulation of Shen (Spirit/Essence) between the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, penetrating the entire body. Their function can be perceived but not seen. They harmonize Jing-Qi (Essence and Qi), unblock water passages, and regulate Qi within the intestines and stomach. These principles must be understood. The Sanjiao is referred to as the "Clear Fu Organ" and is alternatively called the Jade Sea. Although the water passages connect to the Pangguang (Urinary Bladder), they are distinct in function. The Upper, Middle, and Lower Jiao are collectively termed the "Solitary Fu Organ." Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) originates from the Middle Jiao, while Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) originates from the Upper Jiao. Ying Qi is the Qi pathway within the Luo (Connecting) vessels, and Wei Qi is the Qi pathway within the Jing (Main) vessels. The shape, thickness, and size of the Sanjiao are said to resemble those of the Pangguang (Urinary Bladder).
When disease occurs in the Sanjiao, abdominal distension and Qi stagnation manifest, with the lower abdomen becoming particularly hard, leading to urinary retention. If fluid overflows, it becomes edema; if it remains stagnant, it causes distension. The diagnostic sign appears in the large Luo vessel outside the Foot-Taiyang channel, and can also be observed in the pulse between the Taiyang and Shaoyang channels. Treatment involves selecting the Weiyang (BL39) acupoint.
If there is swelling and pain in the lower abdomen with inability to urinate, the pathogenic factor is in the Sanjiao. One should select the large Luo vessel of the Taiyang channel and observe its knotted pulses. If there is knotting in the small Luo vessels of the Jueyin channel accompanied by blood stasis, and the swelling extends upward to the epigastrium, select the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint.
In cases of Sanjiao distension, Qi fills the subcutaneous tissue, feeling taut and non-firmly painful (another version describes it as taut and firm). Chronic cough that transmits to the Sanjiao results in coughing accompanied by abdominal...
The Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao Meridian originates at the tip of the fourth finger (ring finger), ascends between the fingers, emerges on the dorsal aspect of the wrist, runs between the two bones of the forearm, ascends through the elbow, continues along the lateral aspect of the upper arm to the shoulder, crosses posterior to the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian, enters the supraclavicular fossa (Quepen), connects with the Danzhong (Chest Center), disperses to and links with the Xinbao (Pericardium), passes downward through the diaphragm, and extensively belongs to the Sanjiao. A branch arises from the Danzhong, ascends to emerge from the supraclavicular fossa, goes up the neck, flanks the ear, ascends straight out above the ear to the apex, then curves down to the cheekbone reaching the outer canthus. Another branch enters the ear from behind the ear, emerges anterior to the ear, passes anterior to the Shangguan (Guest Master) acupoint, crosses the cheek, and reaches the outer canthus. When this meridian is disturbed, pathology manifests as deafness, sore throat, and pharyngeal obstruction. This meridian governs diseases arising from Qi, characterized by sweating, pain in the outer canthus, cheek swelling, and pain in the area behind the ear, shoulder, elbow, and lateral arm, with dysfunction of the fourth finger. For these conditions, excess patterns are treated with draining methods, deficiency patterns with tonifying methods, heat patterns with rapid needle manipulation, cold patterns with retained needle manipulation, sinking Yang with moxibustion, and neither-excess-nor-deficiency patterns are treated by selecting points from the same meridian. In excess patterns, the Renying (ST9) pulse is more than twice as strong as the Cunkou (Radial) pulse; in deficiency patterns, the Renying pulse is weaker than the Cunkou pulse.