《肘后》疗久咳上气，十年二十年诸药疗不瘥者方。
猪胰（三具） 干枣（一百颗）
上二味，以酒三升，渍数日。服二三合，至四五服，愈，服尽此则瘥。（《千金》同，
出第三卷中）
《深师》疗久上气咳。麻黄散方。（司马太传咳，常将此服愈）
麻黄（一斤去节） 杏仁（一百枚） 甘草（二两炙） 桂心（一两）
上四味，捣筛，别捣杏仁如脂，纳诸末，合令调。临气上发时，服方寸匕，气下止。食
顷气不下，更服一匕，可至三匕，气发便服即止。忌海藻、菘菜、生葱。（《千金》、《古今
录验》同）
又疗久上气咳，亦疗伤寒后咳嗽方。
甘草（二两炙） 大枣（二十枚）
上二味，以水七升，煮取二升，分再服，数用验。忌海藻、菘菜等。（《古今录验》名
温脾汤，并出第八卷中）
《病源》肺虚感微寒而成咳，咳而气还聚于肺，肺则胀，是为咳逆也。邪气与正气相搏
，正气不得宣通，但逆上喉咽之间，邪伏则气静，邪动则气奔上，烦闷欲绝，故谓之咳逆上
气。（出第十四卷中）
《深师》疗咳逆上气，支满息欲绝，气结于胸中，心烦躁不安。一合汤方。
芫花（二分熬） 桂心 干姜（各五分） 甘草（炙） 细辛（各四分） 荛花（二分）
上六味，切，以水三升，煮取一升。先食服一合，日三夜一。又云，合汤亦得，分六
七服，一日尽便愈。一方有菖蒲四分，无荛花。忌海藻、菘菜、生葱、生菜等。
又疗咳逆上气，腹中有坚痞，往来寒热，令人羸瘦，不能饮食，或时下痢，此腹中如绞
，在脐上下关，疝气上肠使然，为病有气涌逆。蜀椒散方。
蜀椒（五合去目并闭口者，汗） 桂心 甘草（各一两炙） 通草 半夏（洗各三两）
上五味，捣筛。饮服方寸匕，日三夜一。忌海藻、菘菜、羊肉、饧、生葱。（并出第十
八卷中）
《古今录验》麦门冬丸 主气逆上气方。
干姜（六分） 麦门冬（十分去心） 昆布（洗） 海藻（洗各六分） 细辛 海蛤 蜀
椒（熬） 桂心（各四分）
上八味，捣筛，蜜和丸如梧子。以饮服十丸，渐加至二十丸，日三。有人患风虚得冷，
辄胸中上气，喉中常如吹管声，咳嗽唾清沫，将此丸服，得瘥。若散服，方寸匕，日三。忌
生葱、生菜。（经心录》同）
又鲤鱼汤 疗咳逆上气，喉中不利方。
生鲤鱼（一尾） 熟艾（二升） 白蜜（一升） 紫菀 牡蛎（各四两熬） 款冬花（一
升） 杏
仁（二十枚） 豉（半升） 射干（二两） 细辛（三两） 饴（八两） 菖蒲（二两）
上十二味， 咀，药和，纳鱼腹中，置铜器中，蒸之五斗米饭下，药成。服一升，日
三夜一。忌生菜、羊肉、饧等。
又杏仁煎 疗咳逆上气方。
杏仁（一升） 石斛 干姜（各四两） 桂心 甘草（炙） 麻黄（去节各五两） 五
味子 款
冬花 紫菀（各三两）
上九味，捣八味下筛，以水一斗，先煮麻黄取八升，去滓，纳药末，胶饴半斤，蜜一
升，搅令相得。未食服如枣大一枚，日三。忌生葱、海藻、菘菜等。（并出第二十九卷中）
《肘后备急方》治疗久咳上气，病程长达十年、二十年，经各种药物治疗均无效的方剂。
猪胰（三个） 干枣（一百颗）
以上两味药，用酒三升，浸泡数日。每次服用二三合，直至服四五次，病愈；若将药服完，则疾病痊愈。（《千金要方》记载相同，出自第三卷中）
《深师方》治疗长期上气咳嗽的麻黄散方。（司马太傅患咳嗽，常服用此方而愈）
麻黄（一斤，去节） 杏仁（一百枚） 甘草（二两，炙） 桂心（一两）
以上四味药，捣碎过筛，另外将杏仁捣烂如脂状，纳入其他药末中，混合调匀。在气逆发作时，服用一方寸匕的药量，气降则停。进食片刻后气仍不下行，再服一匕，最多可至三匕，气发即服，即可停止。（《千金要方》、《古今录验》记载相同）
又治疗长期上气咳嗽，也治疗伤寒后咳嗽的方剂。
甘草（二两，炙） 大枣（二十枚）
以上两味药，用水七升，煮取二升，分两次服用，多次使用有效。忌食海藻、菘菜等。（《古今录验》名为温脾汤，并出自第八卷中）
《诸病源候论》认为肺虚感受微寒而成咳嗽，咳嗽时气还聚于肺，肺胀，这就是咳逆。邪气与正气相搏结，正气不能宣通，只能逆上至喉咽之间，邪气潜伏则气静，邪气发动则气奔向上，烦闷欲绝，所以称为咳逆上气。（出自第十四卷中）
《深师方》治疗咳逆上气，胸胁支满，呼吸近乎断绝，气结于胸中，心中烦躁不安的一合汤方。
芫花（二分，熬） 桂心 干姜（各五分） 甘草（炙） 细辛（各四分） 荛花（二分）
以上六味药，切碎，用水三升，煮取一升。饭前服用一合，每日三次，夜间一次。又说，做成合汤也可以，分六七次服用，一天内服完即可痊愈。另一版本有菖蒲四分，无荛花。忌食海藻、菘菜、生葱、生菜等。
又治疗咳逆上气，腹中有坚硬痞块，往来寒热，使人消瘦，不能饮食，有时当下痢，腹部像绞割一样疼痛，位于脐上下关元穴处，这是疝气上入肠道所致，为病有气涌逆。蜀椒散方。
蜀椒（五合，去目及闭口者，出汗处理） 桂心 甘草（各一两，炙） 通草 半夏（洗，各三两）
以上五味药，捣碎过筛。用饮送服一方寸匕，每日三次，夜间一次。忌食海藻、菘菜、羊肉、饴糖、生葱。（并出自第十八卷中）
《古今录验》麦门冬丸 主治气逆上气的方剂。
干姜（六分） 麦门冬（十分，去心） 昆布（洗） 海藻（洗，各六分） 细辛 海蛤 蜀椒（熬） 桂心（各四分）
以上八味药，捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜和丸，如梧桐子大。用饮送服十丸，逐渐加至二十丸，每日三次。有人患风虚受冷，经常胸中上气，喉中常有吹管声，咳嗽吐清稀泡沫，服用此丸，得以痊愈。若散服，一方寸匕，每日三次。忌食生葱、生菜。（《经心录》记载相同）
又鲤鱼汤 治疗咳逆上气，喉中不利的方剂。
生鲤鱼（一条） 熟艾（二升） 白蜜（一升） 紫菀 牡蛎（各四两，熬） 款冬花（一升） 杏仁（二十枚） 豉（半升） 射干（二两） 细辛（三两） 饴（八两） 菖蒲（二两）
以上十二味药，切碎拌匀，放入鱼腹中，置于铜器内，用五斗米饭下的蒸汽蒸熟，药成。服用一升，每日三次，夜间一次。忌食生菜、羊肉、饴糖等。
又杏仁煎 治疗咳逆上气的方剂。
杏仁（一升） 石斛 干姜（各四两） 桂心 甘草（炙） 麻黄（去节，各五两） 五味子 款冬花 紫菀（各三两）
以上九味药，将除胶饴外的八味药捣碎过筛，用水一斗，先煮麻黄取八升，去渣，加入药末，胶饴半斤，蜜一升，搅拌使均匀。未进食时服用如枣大一枚，每日三次。忌食生葱、海藻、菘菜等。（并出自第二十九卷中）
The *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept in the Sleeve) treats chronic cough with rebellious Qi, lasting for ten or twenty years, where various medications have failed to cure.
Swine pancreas (three pieces) Dried jujube (one hundred pieces)
Take the above two ingredients, soak them in three sheng of wine for several days. Take two or three he as a dose, up to four or five doses until cured; if the entire preparation is consumed, the disease will resolve. (Same as recorded in *Qianjin Yaofang*, from Volume III)
The *Shenshi Fang* treats long-term rebellious Qi and cough with Ma Huang San (Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Powder). (Sima Taifu's cough was often cured by taking this prescription.)
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (one jin, remove nodes) Semen Armeniacae Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) (one hundred seeds) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (two liang, honey-fried) Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin, 桂心) (one liang)
Pulverize the above four ingredients and sieve them. Separately grind the apricot seeds into a paste-like consistency, mix them with the other powders, and blend thoroughly. When rebellious Qi attacks, take one fangcunbi (a square-inch measure) of the powder; stop when the Qi descends. If after a meal the Qi does not descend, take another fangcunbi, up to three fangcunbi. Take immediately when Qi rebels, and it will cease. Avoid Sargassum (Haizao, 海藻), Chinese cabbage (Songcai, 菘菜), and raw green onion (Shengcong, 生葱). (Same as recorded in *Qianjin Yaofang* and *Gujin Luyan*, respectively)
Another formula for long-term rebellious Qi and cough, also treating post-typhoid cough.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (two liang, honey-fried) Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) (twenty pieces)
Take the above two ingredients, decoct in seven sheng of water to obtain two sheng. Divide into two doses. Effective with repeated use. Avoid Sargassum (Haizao, 海藻), Chinese cabbage (Songcai, 菘菜), etc. (Named Wenpi Tang (Warm the Spleen Decoction) in *Gujin Luyan*, from Volume VIII)
According to *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Source Book of All Diseases and Syndromes), lung deficiency combined with slight cold invasion causes cough. When coughing, Qi returns and gathers in the lungs, causing distension; this is called ke ni (rebellious cough). Pathogenic factors contend with healthy Qi; healthy Qi cannot circulate freely but rebels upward to the throat and pharynx. When pathogens are latent, Qi is still; when pathogens move, Qi rushes upward, causing severe oppression and suffocation, hence termed "ke ni shang qi" (rebellious cough with rebellious Qi). (From Volume XIV)
The *Shenshi Fang* treats ke ni shang qi (rebellious cough with rebellious Qi), fullness and distension in the chest and hypochondrium, breathing nearly ceasing, Qi knotting in the chest, and mental restlessness and irritability, with Yihe Tang (One He Decoction).
Genus Daphne Radix (Yuanhua, 芫花) (two fen, processed) Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin, 桂心) Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜) (each five fen) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (processed) Asari Radix (Xixin, 细辛) (each four fen) Genus Wikstroemia Radix (Raohua, 荛花) (two fen)
Cut the above six ingredients, decoct in three sheng of water to obtain one sheng. Take one he before meals, three times daily and once at night. Alternatively, prepare as a thick liquid medicine (He Tang), divide into six or seven doses, and consume within one day to achieve cure. Another version includes Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Changpu, 菖蒲) four fen, without Raohua (Wikstroemia Radix). Avoid Sargassum (Haizao, 海藻), Chinese cabbage (Songcai, 菘菜), raw green onion (Shengcong, 生葱), and raw vegetables.
Another formula for ke ni shang qi (rebellious cough with rebellious Qi), abdominal hard masses, alternating chills and fever, emaciation, anorexia, occasional dysentery, abdominal pain like twisting located around the umbilicus and Guanyuan point, caused by hernia Qi entering the intestines leading to surging rebellious Qi, with Shujiao San (Sichuan Pepper Powder).
Sichuan Pepper Pericarpium (Shujiao, 蜀椒) (five he, remove eyes and closed ones, sweat process) Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin, 桂心) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (each one liang, honey-fried) Tetrapanacis Medulla (Tongcao, 通草) Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏) (washed, each three liang)
Pulverize the above five ingredients and sieve. Take one fangcunbi with drink, three times daily and once at night. Avoid Sargassum (Haizao, 海藻), Chinese cabbage (Songcai, 菘菜), mutton, malt sugar (Yitang, 饧), and raw green onion (Shengcong, 生葱). (All from Volume XVIII)
*Gujin Luyan* Maidong Wan (Ophiopogon Pill) mainly treats qi ni shang qi (rebellious Qi and rebellious cough).
Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜) (six fen) Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦门冬) (ten fen, remove heart) Sargassum (Kunbu, 昆布) (washed) Sargassum (Haizao, 海藻) (washed, each six fen) Asari Radix (Xixin, 细辛) Arca Concha (Haiha, 海蛤) Sichuan Pepper Pericarpium (Shujiao, 蜀椒) (processed) Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin, 桂心) (each four fen)
Pulverize the above eight ingredients and sieve, mix with honey to form pills the size of wu zi (wuju tree seeds). Take ten pills with drink, gradually increasing to twenty pills, three times daily. For those suffering from wind-deficiency cold, who frequently experience chest rebellious Qi, whistling sounds in the throat, coughing with clear frothy sputum, taking this pill leads to recovery. If taken as powder, one fangcunbi, three times daily. Avoid raw green onion (Shengcong, 生葱) and raw vegetables. (Same as recorded in *Jingxin Lu*)
Another Licorice Carp Soup (Liyu Tang) treats ke ni shang qi (rebellious cough with rebellious Qi) and throat discomfort.
Fresh Carp (one tail) Prepared Mugwort Leaf (Shuai Ai, 熟艾) (two sheng) White Honey (Baimi, 白蜜) (one sheng) Asteris Radix (Ziwan, 紫菀) Ostrea Concha (Muli, 牡蛎) (each four liang, processed) Farfarae Flos (Kuandonghua, 款冬花) (one sheng) Semen Armeniacae Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) (twenty seeds) Glycine Soja Preparata (Chi, 豉) (half sheng) Belamcandae Radix (Shegan, 射干) (two liang) Asari Radix (Xixin, 细辛) (three liang) Malt Sugar (Yi, 饴) (eight liang) Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Changpu, 菖蒲) (two liang)
Chop the above twelve ingredients, mix with herbs, place inside the fish belly, put in a copper vessel, and steam using the vapor from five dou of rice. The medicine is ready. Take one sheng, three times daily and once at night. Avoid raw vegetables, mutton, and malt sugar (Yitang, 饧).
Another Xingren Jian (Apricot Kernel Decoction) treats ke ni shang qi (rebellious cough with rebellious Qi).
Semen Armeniacae Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) (one sheng) Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu, 石斛) Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜) (each four liang) Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin, 桂心) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (processed) Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (remove nodes, each five liang) Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子) Farfarae Flos (Kuandonghua, 款冬花) Asteris Radix (Ziwan, 紫菀) (each three liang)
Pulverize the first eight ingredients and sieve. Decoct in one dou of water, first boil Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) to obtain eight sheng, discard dregs, add the herbal powders, half a jin of gelatinous malt sugar (Jiaoyi, 胶饴), and one sheng of honey. Stir well to combine. Take a piece the size of a date before meals, three times daily. Avoid raw green onion (Shengcong, 生葱), Sargassum (Haizao, 海藻), and Chinese cabbage (Songcai, 菘菜). (All from Volume XXIX)