病源久癖谓因饮水过多。水气拥滞。遇寒热气相搏。便成癖。在于两胁下。经久不瘥。
乃结聚成形。段而起按之乃水鸣。积有岁年。故云久癖。（出第二十卷中）
集验疗冷热久癖。实不能下。虚满如水状方。
前胡（四两） 生姜（四两） 枳实（三两炙） 半夏（四两洗） 白术（三两） 茯
苓（四两）
上八味切。以水八升。煮取三升。分三服。（千金同出第六卷中）
古今录验曾青丸。疗久寒积聚。留饮宿食。天行伤寒者服之二十日愈。久服令人延年益
寿。殷仲堪云∶扁鹊曾青丸。疗久癖积聚。留饮宿食。天行伤寒。咳逆消渴。随病所在。久
病羸瘦。老小宜服药。或吐或下或汗出方。
曾青（二分） 寒水石（三分） 朴硝（二分） 茯苓（三分） 大黄（三分） 附子
（三分炮）
巴豆（二分）
上七味各异捣。下筛巴豆消相合。捣六千杵。次纳附子捣相得。次纳茯苓捣相得。次纳
大黄捣相得。次纳曾青捣相得。次纳寒水石捣相得。次纳蜜和捣千杵。大人服大豆二丸。小
儿五岁以下。如麻子一丸。二三岁见如黍米一丸。如服药以薄粉粥清下。当覆卧令汗出。吐
下气发作。服二丸。霍乱服三丸。泄痢不止。服一丸可至二丸。一方用曾青三分。忌猪肉冷
水芦笋大酢。（崔氏同出第十卷中）
【背景信息】
书名：《外台秘要》 作者：王焘 朝代：唐·天宝十一年 章节：久癖方二首 类别：方剂
【原文翻译】
疾病根源中关于“久癖”（长期形成的积块）的论述，认为是由于饮水过多所致。水气壅滞不通，遇到寒气与热气相互搏结，便形成癖病，部位在两胁之下。经久不愈，于是结聚成形，分段隆起，按压时能听到水鸣声。积累多年，所以称为久癖。（出自第二十卷中）
《集验方》治疗冷热久癖，实证不能攻下，虚证胀满如水状的方法。
前胡（四两） 生姜（四两） 枳实（三两，炙） 半夏（四两，洗） 白术（三两） 茯苓（四两）
以上八味药切碎，用水八升，煮取三升药液，分三次服用。（《千金方》同样出自第六卷中）
《古今录验》曾青丸，治疗久寒积聚、留饮宿食，以及天行伤寒患者服用后二十日痊愈。长期服用可使人延年益寿。殷仲堪说：扁鹊的曾青丸，治疗久癖积聚、留饮宿食、天行伤寒、咳嗽气逆、消渴症，根据病变所在部位进行治疗。对于久病身体消瘦者，老人和儿童适宜服药。或者通过呕吐、泻下或发汗的方法排出病邪。
曾青（二分） 寒水石（三分） 朴硝（二分） 茯苓（三分） 大黄（三分） 附子（三分，炮制）
巴豆（二分）
以上七味药分别捣碎，过筛后，将巴豆与其他药粉混合，再捣六千杵。接着加入附子，捣至均匀。然后加入茯苓，捣至均匀。接着加入大黄，捣至均匀。然后加入曾青，捣至均匀。接着加入寒水石，捣至均匀。最后加入蜂蜜调和，再捣一千杵。成人每次服用如大豆大小的两丸。五岁以下小儿，服用如麻子大小的一丸；二至三岁小儿，服用如黍米大小的一丸。如果服药后出现呕吐或腹泻反应，服用两丸即可。霍乱患者服用三丸。泄痢不止者，服用一丸，最多不超过两丸。另一版本使用曾青三分。忌食猪肉、冷水、芦笋和大醋。（崔氏方同样出自第十卷中）
[Background Information]
Book Title: *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies)
Author: Wang Tao
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty, Tianbao 11th Year
Chapter: Two Formulas for Long-standing Pi Masses
Category: Formulas
[English Translation]
According to the etiology of diseases, "long-standing Pi masses" (chronic accumulations) are caused by excessive drinking of water. The Qi of water becomes stagnant and obstructed; when it encounters cold and heat, these pathogenic factors clash and contend with each other, resulting in Pi disease located under both hypochondria. If this condition persists without healing, it condenses and takes shape, presenting as segmented protrusions that produce a gurgling sound upon palpation. Having accumulated over years, it is termed long-standing Pi mass. (From Volume 20)
The *Jiyan Fang* (Collected Verified Prescriptions) provides a formula for treating long-standing Pi masses involving cold and heat, where excess patterns cannot be purged downward, or deficiency patterns present with fullness resembling water retention.
Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 4 liang), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 4 liang), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 3 liang, stir-fried), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, 4 liang, washed), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 3 liang), Fuling (Poria, 4 liang).
Cut the above eight herbs. Decoct them in 8 sheng of water until 3 sheng remains. Divide into three doses. (Also found in Volume 6 of *Qianjin Fang*)
The *Gujin Luyan* (Records of Antiquity and Modern Times) presents Zengqing Wan (Chrysocolla Pill) for treating long-standing cold accumulations, retained fluids, and old food stagnation. It is effective for patients with epidemic febrile diseases or cold damage, who recover within twenty days of administration. Long-term use promotes longevity and health. Yin Zhongkan stated: Bian Que's Zengqing Wan treats long-standing Pi masses, accumulations, retained fluids, old food stagnation, epidemic febrile diseases, cough with counterflow qi, and xiao-ke (wasting-thirst syndrome). It treats according to the location of the disease. For those suffering from chronic illness and emaciation, as well as the elderly and children, medication is appropriate. Therapeutic methods may include inducing vomiting, purging downward, or inducing sweating.
Zengqing (Chrysocholum, 2 fen), Hanshuishi (Natron, 3 fen), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 fen), Fuling (Poria, 3 fen), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 3 fen), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 3 fen, processed), Badou (Crotonis Fructus, 2 fen).
Grind each of the seven herbs separately. Sieve the powder. Mix the sieved Badou powder with the others. Pound for six thousand strokes. Then add Fuzi and pound until well combined. Next, add Fuling and pound until well combined. Then add Dahuang and pound until well combined. Next, add Zengqing and pound until well combined. Then add Hanshuishi and pound until well combined. Finally, mix with honey and pound for one thousand strokes. Adults take two pills the size of soybeans. Children under five years old take one pill the size of a hemp seed; children aged two to three take one pill the size of a millet grain. If the patient experiences vomiting or diarrhea after taking the medicine, stop further dosing after two pills. For cholera-like symptoms, take three pills. For persistent diarrhea and dysentery, take one pill, up to two pills maximum. Another version uses 3 fen of Zengqing. Avoid pork, cold water, reeds, and strong vinegar. (Also found in Volume 10 of Cui Shi's formulas)