病源夫水病皆由荣卫痞涩，肾脾虚弱所为，而大腹水肿者，或因大病之后，或积虚劳损
，或新热食讫，入水自渍及浴，令水气不散，流溢腹外，三焦闭塞，小便不通。水气结聚于
内，
第
肘后疗卒大腹 病诸方，此病本由水来，应水字而经方皆水为病，故施疾床。水病之初
，先
候也
或
也
防己 甘草（炙） 葶苈子（熬各二两）
上三味捣筛，苦酒和丸，饮服如梧子三丸，日三。常将之，取消平乃止，忌海藻菘菜。
又方
将服牛溺商陆羊肉HT ，及香薷煎等。在肿满条中，其十水丸诸大方在别卷。若止皮
肤水
，腹内未有者，服诸发汗药得汗药得汗便瘥，然慎护风寒为急。
又方
牵牛子（三分熬） 浓朴（一分炙）
上二味捣筛，强人服三棱角壳，弱人二壳，酒饮随意，枢筋有水气病水肿诸药不能瘳者
此方效验。（出第一卷中）
千金疗大腹水肿，气息不通，命在旦夕者方。
牛黄（二分研） 昆布（十分洗） 海藻（十分洗） 牵牛子（八分熬） 桂心（八分）
椒目（
三分） 葶苈（六分熬）
上七味别捣葶苈如膏，合丸如梧子，饮服十丸，日再，稍加，小便利为度，正观九年，
汉阳
此即
崔氏疗大腹水病，身体肿，上气，小便涩赤，脐深，颈上有两大脉动，唾稠不得眠睡。
每肿先随脚肿，亦有在前头面肿，或大便涩者，服此药大佳。若先患大便利，脐凸腹大胀，
手掌
大枣（四十枚饭蒸剥去皮核） 葶苈子（五两取苦者熬令紫色） 杏仁（三两熬令黄色）
上三味，先捣葶苈子一万杵写出之，乃捣杏仁三百杵讫，总和合枣膏，捣一万杵，
药成，平
丸，丸如
若利过多
淡醋，
并出第六
【病因】大腹水肿的病因，都是由于营卫之气痞塞涩滞，肾脾两脏虚弱所致。而大腹水肿这一病症，有的因大病之后身体亏虚引起，有的是长期积劳成疾导致正气受损，也有的是刚吃完热食，就进入水中浸泡或洗浴，致使水气不能消散，流溢于腹部之外，造成三焦闭塞，小便不通畅。水气结聚在体内，形成此病。
《肘后备急方》中治疗突发大腹病的各种方剂，指出此病本源在于水邪，符合“水”字相关的经方多将此类归为水气病，因此将其列于疾病条目下。水病初期，先出现某些征候……（原文此处有缺漏）
防己、甘草（炙）、葶苈子（熬），各二两。
以上三味药捣碎过筛，用醋调和制成丸剂，每次服用如梧桐子大小的三丸，每日三次。常备服用，直到病情消除痊愈才停止，忌食海藻和菘菜（白菜类）。
又一方：
可服用牛溺、商陆、羊肉汤，以及香薷煎等方剂。关于“十水丸”等大型方剂详见其他卷册。如果仅是皮肤水肿，腹内尚无积水者，服用发汗药，出汗后病即痊愈，但此时务必注意防寒防风。
又一方：
牵牛子（三分，熬）、浓朴（一分，炙）。
以上两味药捣碎过筛，体质强壮者服三棱角壳量，体弱者服二壳量，用酒送服，用量随意。对于筋脉拘急有水气病、水肿诸药无效者，此方疗效显著。（出自第一卷）
《千金方》治疗大腹水肿，气息不通，生命垂危者的方剂。
牛黄（二分，研细）、昆布（十分，洗净）、海藻（十分，洗净）、牵牛子（八分，熬）、桂心（八分）、椒目（三分）、葶苈（六分，熬）。
以上七味药，分别捣碎葶苈子至膏状，混合制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用十丸，每日两次，逐渐增加剂量，以小便通利为度。正观九年，汉阳……（原文此处有缺漏）
此即崔氏治疗大腹水病，身体浮肿，气逆上冲，小便短赤涩痛，脐部深陷，颈部两侧有明显动脉搏动，痰稠难以入睡之症。通常肿胀先从脚部开始，也有先从头部面部肿起的，或者大便干涩难解者，服用此药效果极佳。若先前患有腹泻不止，现出现脐凸、腹部胀大，手掌……（原文此处有缺漏）
大枣（四十枚，饭蒸熟后剥去皮核）、葶苈子（五两，取苦味重的熬至紫色）、杏仁（三两，熬至黄色）。
以上三味药，先将葶苈子捣一万杵，取出备用，再将杏仁捣三百杵，最后与枣膏混合，共捣一万杵。
药成后，平……（原文此处有缺漏）
丸……（原文此处有缺漏）
若泻下过多……（原文此处有缺漏）
淡醋……（原文此处有缺漏）
均出自第六卷。
[Pathogenesis] The etiology of edema is attributed to the stagnation and sluggishness of Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, along with the deficiency of the Kidney and Spleen. Specifically for massive abdominal edema, it may arise after a severe illness, result from chronic accumulation of deficiency and consumptive disorders, or occur when one enters water for soaking or bathing immediately after consuming hot food. This causes Water Qi to fail to dissipate, overflowing outside the abdomen, leading to the blockage of the San Jiao (Triple Burner) and obstruction of urination. Water Qi accumulates internally, resulting in this disease.
The *Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up My Sleeve) contains various formulas for treating sudden massive abdominal disease. It states that the root of this disease lies in Water pathogen; since classic formulas related to "Water" generally classify such conditions as Water diseases, they are listed under this category. In the early stage of Water disease, certain signs appear first... [Text missing here].
Puerariae Radix (Fangji), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted), and Lepidium Seed (Tinglizi, processed), each 2 liang.
Crush and sieve the above three herbs. Mix with vinegar to form pills. Take three pills the size of a loquat seed with water, three times daily. Keep taking them until the condition resolves completely, then stop. Avoid consuming seaweed and Brassica vegetables.
Another formula:
One may administer Cow Urine (Ni Niao), Phytolacca Root (Shanglu), Mutton Decoction, or Elsholtzia Decoction (Xiangru Jian). For large formulas such as "Ten Waters Pill," refer to other volumes. If the edema is confined to the skin without internal abdominal fluid accumulation, administering diaphoretic (sweat-inducing) medicines will cure the disease upon sweating. However, great care must be taken to protect against wind and cold.
Another formula:
Pharbitis Seed (Qianniu Zi, 3 fen, processed), Magnolia Bark (Houpo, 1 fen, roasted).
Crush and sieve the above two herbs. Strong individuals take the amount contained in three triangular shells; weak individuals take the amount in two shells. Take with wine according to preference. This formula is effective for cases of tendon spasm due to Water Qi and edema where other medicines have failed. (From Volume I)
*Qian Jin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) formula for treating massive abdominal edema with obstructed Qi respiration, where life is in imminent danger.
Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang, 2 fen, ground), Kelp (Kunbu, 10 fen, washed), Seaweed (Haizao, 10 fen, washed), Pharbitis Seed (Qianniu Zi, 8 fen, processed), Cinnamon Twig Heart (Guixin, 8 fen), Pepper Seeds (Jiaomu, 3 fen), Lepidium Seed (Tingli, 6 fen, processed).
Process the above seven herbs separately. Grind Tingli into a paste. Mix and form pills the size of a loquat seed. Take ten pills with water, twice daily. Gradually increase the dosage until urination becomes smooth. Zhenguan Year 9, Hanyang... [Text missing here].
This refers to Cui Shi's treatment for massive abdominal water disease, characterized by body swelling, rebellious Qi (shortness of breath), scanty dark-red urine, deep umbilicus, prominent pulsations on both sides of the neck, thick sputum, and insomnia. Swelling typically begins in the feet, though it may start in the head and face, or present with constipation. Taking this medicine yields excellent results. If the patient previously suffered from diarrhea, followed by protruding umbilicus, abdominal distension, and palm... [Text missing here].
Jujube Fruit (Dazao, 40 pieces, steamed with rice, peeled and pitted), Lepidium Seed (Tinglizi, 5 liang, select bitter variety, process until purple), Apricot Kernel (Xingren, 3 liang, process until yellow).
For the above three herbs, first grind Tinglizi for 10,000 strokes and set aside. Then grind Xingren for 300 strokes. Finally, combine with Jujube paste and grind together for 10,000 strokes.
After preparation... [Text missing here].
Form pills... [Text missing here].
If diarrhea is excessive... [Text missing here].
Light vinegar... [Text missing here].
All from Volume VI.