初起红色肿痛，语声清朗，亦无表里之症相兼者轻。已成肿痛，咽喉半闭半开，咯吐痰涎，饮食稍进者顺。
咽喉肿闭，牙关紧急，言语不清，痰壅气急、声小者险。咽喉骤闭，痰涎壅塞，口噤不开，探吐不出、声
喘者死。时疮之后，毒结咽间，肿痛腐烂，吐纳不堪、声哑者重。久嗽痰火、虚阳上攻，咳伤咽痛，但见声嘶
面红者死。
初起肿痛，寒热交作，头眩拘急者，邪在表也，宜发散。初起肿痛发热，脉有力而便秘者，邪在内也，宜
下之。肿痛寒热，口干作渴，脉洪大而有力者，宜发表攻里。咽喉肿痛，痰涎壅甚，面红口干，邪在上也，宜
探吐之。喉闭痰涎壅塞、气急，口噤难开，先刺少商，后行吐法。已成胀痛，咽喉涂塞，汤水不入，脓已成也，
宜急针之。肿痛微红，脉虚无力，午后痛者属阴虚，宜滋阴降火。肿痛色白，咯吐多涎，上午痛者属阳虚，宜
补中健脾。
一男子咽喉肿痛，发寒体倦，脉弦有力。此邪在表，以荆防败毒散加牛子、玄参一剂，表症已退，肿痛仍
作；又以玄参解
毒汤二剂，肿痛减半，又二剂而安。
一男子咽喉肿痛，痰涎壅盛。用金锁匙先吐稠痰，清咽利膈汤推荡积热，肿痛稍减，惟色红甚，此火热也。
又以黄连解毒汤加桔梗二剂，红肿亦退而安。
一男子素饮火酒，一时咽喉肿闭，口噤舌强，痰涎壅塞，势颇危急。用针先刺少商二穴，口噤方开；以桐
油饯鸡翎探吐稠痰数碗，语声方出。仍用针刺肿上，出紫血钟许，温汤漱净，冰硼散搽之，以凉膈散加芒硝、
天花粉利去积热。又以连翘散二剂而安。
一妇人肥甚，暑热咽间肿痛，痰涎上壅，语声不出甚危。先用针刺毒血，次以金锁匙吐去稠痰五、六碗，
以清咽利膈汤一服，肿痛少减，去硝黄又服而安。
一男子劳甚，咽喉肿痛。自服清咽利膈药不应，诊之脉细而虚，此劳伤虚火之症。朝以补中益气汤加麦冬、
五味子、桔梗、玄参，晚以四物汤加黄柏、知母、炒黑干姜，服加童便，不数日，肿痛亦消，疲回咽愈。
一妇人咽痛，微肿色白，吐咽不利，诊之脉亦细微，此中气不足、虚火假症也。用理中汤二服，其疼顿止；
又以补中益气汤加炒黄柏、知母数服，再不复作。
一男子肿痛日甚，服清咽利膈药不应，必欲作脓，以防风通圣散去硝、黄二服，喉脓胀痛，而下针便愈。
初起时咽喉红肿疼痛，但声音清亮，且没有表证或里证兼夹的，病情较轻。
若已形成肿痛，咽喉半开半闭，能咯吐痰涎，饮食尚能稍进，属于顺证（预后良好）。
若咽喉肿胀闭塞，牙关紧闭，言语不清，痰液壅盛气促、声音低微的，病情险恶。
若咽喉突然闭塞，痰涎壅塞，口噤不开，催吐无法吐出、气喘的，为死证（预后极差）。
在痘疹疮疡之后，毒邪结聚于咽喉，导致肿痛腐烂，呼吸吞咽困难、声音嘶哑的，病情严重。
久咳痰火、虚阳上攻，咳嗽损伤咽喉致痛，仅见声音嘶哑、面色潮红的，为死证。
初起肿痛，伴有寒热交替发作，头晕目眩、肢体拘急的，是邪气在表，宜用发散法治疗。
初起肿痛发热，脉象有力且便秘的，是邪气在里，宜用泻下法治疗。
既有肿痛寒热，又口干口渴，脉象洪大有力的，宜表里双解（既发表又攻里）。
咽喉肿痛，痰涎壅盛，面红口干，病邪在上焦的，宜用探吐法治疗。
喉闭症痰涎壅塞、气促，口噤难开，先针刺少商穴，随后进行催吐。
若已成脓胀痛，咽喉堵塞，汤水无法进入，说明脓已成熟，宜紧急针刺排脓。
肿痛颜色微红，脉象虚弱无力，午后疼痛加重的，属于阴虚，宜滋阴降火。
肿痛颜色发白，咯吐多量涎沫，上午疼痛加重的，属于阳虚，宜补中健脾。
有一男子咽喉肿痛，怕冷身体疲倦，脉象弦而有力。这是邪气在表，给予荆防败毒散加牛蒡子、玄参，服用一剂后，表证已退，但肿痛仍在；又服用玄参解毒汤两剂，肿痛减半，再服两剂后痊愈。
有一男子咽喉肿痛，痰涎壅盛。先用金锁匙催吐稠痰，再用清咽利膈汤推荡积热，肿痛稍减，但患处色红甚，这是火热之邪所致。又用黄连解毒汤加桔梗，服用两剂，红肿消退而痊愈。
有一男子平素嗜饮烈性酒，一时之间咽喉肿闭，口噤舌强，痰涎壅塞，形势颇为危急。先用针针刺少商穴两处，口噤才张开；用桐油浸泡的鸡毛探喉催吐，吐出数碗稠痰，声音才发出。仍用针刺破肿处，放出约钟许量的紫黑血，用温汤漱口干净，外搽冰硼散，内服凉膈散加芒硝、天花粉以通利去除积热。又服用连翘散两剂而痊愈。
有一妇人形体肥胖，暑热之邪致咽喉间肿痛，痰涎上壅，声音不出，情况非常危险。先用针刺出毒血，接着用金锁匙催吐去五、六碗稠痰，服用一剂清咽利膈汤，肿痛稍减，去掉方中的硝黄后再服用而痊愈。
有一男子劳倦过度，咽喉肿痛。自行服用清咽利膈药无效，诊察其脉象细弱无力，这是劳伤导致的虚火病症。早晨服用补中益气汤加麦冬、五味子、桔梗、玄参，晚上服用四物汤加黄柏、知母、炒黑的干姜，服药时加入童便，不几日，肿痛消除，体力恢复，咽喉痊愈。
有一妇人咽痛，微肿色白，吞咽不利，诊察其脉象也细微，这是中气不足、虚火假象所致。服用两剂理中汤，疼痛顿时停止；又服用几剂补中益气汤加炒黄柏、知母，此后不再复发。
有一男子肿痛日益加重，服用清咽利膈药无效，必然要化脓，于是用防风通圣散去芒硝、大黄，服用两剂，喉部脓成胀痛，下针排脓后随即痊愈。
At the initial stage, if there is redness and swelling with pain in the throat, but the voice is clear, and there are no concurrent exterior or interior syndromes, the condition is mild.
If swelling and pain have formed, the throat is half-open and half-closed, phlegm-saliva can be expectorated, and food intake is slightly possible, this is a favorable prognosis (Shun).
If the throat is swollen and closed, the jaw is stiff, speech is unclear, phlegm is obstructive causing rapid breathing, and the voice is low, the condition is dangerous.
If the throat suddenly closes, phlegm-saliva is obstructive, the mouth is locked shut, vomiting cannot expel the obstruction, and panting occurs, it is a death case.
After the eruption of sores/pox, if toxic heat knots in the throat causing swelling, pain, and ulceration, with difficulty in breathing and swallowing, and hoarseness, the condition is severe.
In cases of chronic cough with phlegm-fire, or deficiency fire attacking upward, causing throat pain from coughing damage, if only hoarseness and facial flushing are seen, it is a death case.
If at the onset there is swelling and pain accompanied by alternating chills and fever, dizziness, and limb stiffness, the pathogen is in the Exterior; dispersing methods should be used.
If at the onset there is swelling, pain, fever, a forceful pulse, and constipation, the pathogen is in the Interior; purgative methods should be used.
If there is swelling, pain, chills, fever, dry mouth with thirst, and a large, forceful pulse, both releasing the exterior and attacking the interior should be employed.
If there is throat swelling and pain, excessive phlegm-saliva, flushed face, and dry mouth, indicating the pathogen is in the Upper Jiao, probing for vomiting should be used.
For throat closure with obstructive phlegm-saliva, rapid breathing, and inability to open the mouth due to lockjaw, first needle Shaoshang (LU-11), then perform emesis.
If there is already pus-forming distending pain, throat blockage preventing even liquid intake, indicating mature pus, urgent needling to drain is required.
If swelling and pain are slightly red, the pulse is deficient and weak, and pain worsens in the afternoon, it belongs to Yin Deficiency; nourishing Yin and descending fire is appropriate.
If swelling and pain are pale white, copious saliva is expectorated, and pain worsens in the morning, it belongs to Yang Deficiency; tonifying the Middle and strengthening the Spleen is appropriate.
A male patient presented with throat swelling and pain, aversion to cold, body fatigue, and a string-taut, forceful pulse. This indicated the pathogen was in the Exterior. Jingfang Baidu San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Decoction) plus Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus) and Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) were administered for one dose. After the exterior syndrome subsided, the swelling and pain persisted; Xuanshen Jiedu Tang (Scrophularia Antidote Decoction) was given for two doses, reducing the swelling and pain by half, and after another two doses, he recovered.
A male patient presented with throat swelling and pain, and excessive phlegm-saliva. Jin Suo Chi (Golden Lock Key) was used first to induce vomiting of thick phlegm, followed by Qingyan Lige Tang (Throat-Clearing Diaphragm-Purging Decoction) to push out accumulated heat. The swelling and pain decreased slightly, but the area remained very red, indicating Fire-Heat. Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Antidote Decoction) plus Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) was administered for two doses, resolving the redness and swelling.
A male patient who habitually drank strong liquor suddenly developed throat swelling and closure, lockjaw, tongue stiffness, and obstructive phlegm-saliva, presenting a critical situation. Two needles were applied to Shaoshang (LU-11) bilaterally, unlocking the jaw. Chicken feathers soaked in tung oil were used to probe the throat and induce vomiting, expelling several bowls of thick phlegm, allowing speech to return. Needles were still used to prick the swollen area, draining about a bell-full of dark purple blood. The mouth was rinsed clean with warm water, and Bingpeng San (Ice and Borax Powder) was applied topically. Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Decoction) plus Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas) and Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix) was taken internally to purge accumulated heat. Finally, Lianqiao San (Forsythia Powder) was administered for two doses, leading to recovery.
A female patient, significantly obese, suffered from summer-heat causing throat swelling and pain, with obstructive phlegm-saliva and loss of voice, in a critical state. Poisonous blood was first drained via needling, followed by Jin Suo Chi to vomit five to six bowls of thick phlegm. One dose of Qingyan Lige Tang reduced the swelling and pain; after removing Mang Xiao and Da Huang, continued administration led to recovery.
A male patient suffering from overwork developed throat swelling and pain. Self-medication with Qingyan Lige Tang was ineffective. Pulse diagnosis revealed a fine and deficient pulse, indicating a deficiency-fire syndrome due to labor injury. In the morning, Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Middle-Boosting Qi-Supplementing Decoction) plus Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus), Jie Geng, and Xuan Shen was administered. In the evening, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Huang Bai (Phellodendri Cortex), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), and charred Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) was administered, with Tong Bian (Infant Urine) added to the medicine. Within a few days, the swelling and pain subsided, strength returned, and the throat healed.
A female patient presented with throat pain, slight swelling with pale color, and difficulty swallowing. Pulse diagnosis was also fine and subtle, indicating insufficient Middle Qi and a false symptom of deficiency fire. Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) was administered for two doses, stopping the pain immediately. Subsequently, Buzhong Yiqi Tang plus charred Huang Bai and Zhi Mu was taken for several doses, preventing recurrence.
A male patient experienced worsening daily swelling and pain. Qingyan Lige Tang was ineffective. Pus formation was inevitable. Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia Universal Rescue Decoction) without Mang Xiao and Da Huang was administered for two doses. Upon throat abscess formation with distending pain, needling for drainage resulted in immediate cure.