凡人无病时,不善调理,致生百病。况既病之后,不加调摄,而病岂能得愈乎?其
调治有法,初起病时,先看病者元气虚实,次看疮之阴阳险否,然后用药调治,当攻即攻,
可补便补,不可因循耽误,以致变症不测也。且患者又当安定心神,相忘诸念,毋使仓皇,
乃保神气,不得变乱也。再顺天时,假如夏热,坐卧不可当风,忌置水于榻前床下。冬
寒常要温和,非柴火不可开疮看视。倘有寒侵,致生多变。又未溃之先,毒瓦斯内作,有
口干渴症者,凉物类当少少与之,以滋蕴热。
至脓溃之后,后冷硬物,一概禁之。不然,伤脾损胃,脓必难成。致疮软陷,又难收敛。饮
食须当香燥甘甜,粥饭随其喜恶,毋食过饱,宜少宜热宜浓,方无停滞,又得易化故也。如
大疮溃后,气血两虚,脾胃并弱,必制八仙糕,早晚随食数饼,接补真元,培助根本,再
熬参术膏。如患者脾胃俱虚,饮食减少,胸膈不宽,饮食无味者,用白术膏三匙,人参
膏二匙,清米汤空心化服,喜饮者酒化亦可。若精神短少,昏沉多睡,自汗劳倦,懒于动
作者,用人参膏三匙,白术膏二匙,亦酒化服。如肌肤粗涩,面苍不泽,或大便血出虚
秘,以及皮干发槁者,同地黄膏各二匙和服,或饮阳春酒更妙。其功强健精神,顿生气血,
开胃助脾,润肌荣骨,此二药其功非小,大疮不可缺之,实非草药之比。病者当信用之,
乃无更变。视者又多反复不常,故有易愈难愈之态,实在乎得此失此之规也。
凡人在没有患病时,如果不善于调理身体,就会导致各种疾病的发生。何况在已经生病之后,如果不加以调养护理,病情又怎么能痊愈呢?
其调治是有方法的。在疾病初起时,首先要观察患者的元气是虚还是实,其次要看疮疡属于阴证还是阳证,以及病情是否险恶,然后才用药进行调治。应当攻邪时就攻邪,可以补益时就补益,不能因循守旧、延误时机,以致产生不可预测的变症。
而且患者自身也应当安定心神,忘却杂念,不要惊慌失措,这样才能保全神气,避免发生紊乱。
再顺应天时变化。例如夏天炎热,坐卧时不可直吹风口,忌讳在床前床下放置冷水。冬天寒冷时要经常保持温暖,如果不是用柴火取暖,就无法打开疮口进行检查和护理。倘若受到寒邪侵袭,就会导致病情多变。
另外,在疮疡未溃破之前,如果毒热内蕴,出现口干口渴症状的,应当少量给予凉性食物,以滋润体内的郁热。
等到脓液溃破之后,一切生冷坚硬的食物都应当禁止食用。否则,会损伤脾胃,导致脓液难以生成。致使疮面软陷,又难以收敛愈合。饮食应当选择香燥甘甜的食物,粥饭根据患者的喜好决定,不要吃得过饱,宜少食、宜热食、宜浓稠,这样才不会造成停滞,也容易消化。
如果是大的疮疡溃破后,气血两虚,脾胃虚弱,必须制作八仙糕,早晚各吃几块,以接续补充真元,培助根本,然后再熬制参术膏。如果患者脾胃俱虚,饮食减少,胸膈闷胀不宽舒,饮食无味道的,使用白术膏三匙,人参膏二匙,空腹时用清米汤化开服用,喜欢喝酒的人也可以用酒化开服用。如果精神短少,昏沉嗜睡,自汗且感到劳倦,懒得活动的,用人参膏三匙,白术膏二匙,同样用酒化开服用。如果肌肤粗糙干涩,面色苍老无光泽,或者大便带血、虚性便秘,以及皮肤干燥、头发枯槁的,与地黄膏各两匙混合服用,或者饮用阳春酒效果更好。这两种药的功效在于强健精神,迅速生发气血,开胃助脾,润泽肌肤,荣养骨骼,这两味药的功效不小,大疮疡病是不可缺少的,确实不是普通草药能比的。病人应当信任并坚持使用它,才不会发生更多的变故。而诊治者又多反复无常,所以有容易治愈和难以治愈的不同情况,关键在于是否遵循了正确的治疗原则。
When a person is free from disease, failure to properly regulate one's lifestyle can lead to various illnesses. How much more so after illness has set in; if no care and regulation are applied, how can the disease possibly heal?
The methods of regulation and treatment follow specific principles. At the initial stage of the disease, one must first assess whether the patient's Yuan Qi (Original Vital Energy) is deficient or excess, then determine whether the sore/ulcer is Yin or Yang in nature, and whether the condition is perilous. Only then should medication be administered for regulation and treatment. When attack (purging/draining) is indicated, it should be employed; when tonification is appropriate, it should be used. One must not delay due to indecision, thereby causing unpredictable complications.
Furthermore, the patient must calm their mind and spirit, let go of distracting thoughts, and avoid panic, thereby preserving Shen Qi (Spirit and Vital Energy) and preventing internal disorder.
One must also adapt to seasonal changes. For instance, during the hot summer, one should avoid sitting or lying directly in front of drafts, and it is taboo to place cold water near the bed or under the bed. In the cold winter, warmth must be maintained constantly; without firewood heating, it is difficult to open and inspect the sore. If exposed to cold pathogens, multiple complications may arise.
Additionally, before the sore ulcerates, if toxic heat accumulates internally causing dry mouth and thirst, small amounts of cooling foods should be provided to nourish and clear the latent heat.
After the pus has drained and the sore has ulcerated, all cold, hard, and raw foods must be strictly prohibited. Otherwise, the Spleen and Stomach will be damaged, making it difficult for pus to form. This leads to a soft, sunken sore that is difficult to close and heal. Diet should consist of aromatic, dry, sweet, and warm foods. Porridge and rice should be chosen according to the patient's preferences. One should not overeat; meals should be small in quantity, hot in temperature, and thick in consistency, ensuring no stagnation occurs and facilitating easy digestion.
For large sores after ulceration, where both Qi and Blood are deficient and the Spleen and Stomach are weak, "Baxian Gao" (Eight Immortals Cake) must be prepared. The patient should eat several pieces morning and evening to replenish True Yuan (True Original Qi), strengthen the root, and subsequently take Shenzhu Gao (Ginseng and Atractylodes Paste). If the patient suffers from dual deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach, reduced appetite, chest and diaphragm fullness/stuffiness, and loss of taste, take 3 spoons of Baizhu Gao (Atractylodes Macrocephala Paste) and 2 spoons of Renshen Gao (Ginseng Paste), dissolved in clear rice soup on an empty stomach. Those who prefer alcohol may dissolve them in wine instead. If there is mental fatigue, drowsiness, spontaneous sweating, lassitude, and reluctance to move, take 3 spoons of Renshen Gao and 2 spoons of Baizhu Gao, also dissolved in wine. If the skin is rough and dry, the complexion is dull and lusterless, or if there is blood in the stool with constipation due to deficiency, or if the skin is dry and hair is brittle, mix equal parts (2 spoons each) of Dihuang Gao (Rehmannia Paste) and take together, or drink Yangchun Wine for better effect. These two preparations strengthen the spirit, rapidly generate Qi and Blood, promote appetite and aid the Spleen, moisten the skin, and nourish the bones. Their efficacy is significant; they are indispensable for large sores and far surpass ordinary herbal remedies. Patients should trust and adhere to these treatments to prevent further complications. Practitioners, however, often lack consistency, leading to variations in prognosis between easily curable and difficult cases. Ultimately, this depends on whether the correct regulatory principles are followed or neglected.