伏积热毒,甚者为疮疹,方其荣卫被热毒所蒸,毒出为斑痘,方其出肌肤受痛,静以守
之,则顺出而愈。若加触以不馨之气,兼以行房触犯,阴阳相感,毒瓦斯着于人,则使疮疹入
里,毒瓦斯入心,闷乱而死。若已出之后触则令疮黑烂,极如刀割。纵或疮疹得安,瘢痕经年
黑色,仲景论疮疹未出之间,宜于房室内烧赤术猪甲二物,辟恶气,谨戒饮酒嗜欲,令人守
房室门户,恐生人入有触犯,令小儿疮疹难出也。如有触犯,或有面青黄色者犹轻,要之安
胡荽于左右上下安顿之,能解狐臭杂恶秽污之气,更烧乳香,令室中香不绝,辟除一切恶气
,兼令易出易结痂 ,疮疹畏杂恶气,不可不谨者。譬如柑脯同处,一坏皆坏。古语云∶树
得桂而枯,雌黄遇胡粉而黑,抑亦物类相感云尔。
钱氏论疮疹是母腹中所受秽毒,故小儿患疮疹,五脏皆见证,故前人亦先有以制之也。
《千金论》云∶方婴儿初生,宜进生地黄汁,点孩儿口中,令便下黑秽,则至长亦不害疮疹
,盖便下黑者,此腹中所受秽毒,令人但见简易平直而不用,抑亦顾目前,不思后患者欤。
小儿胃热发斑,其斑既出于肌肤,今疮疹正出,或外被风寒所伏,或毒瓦斯太盛,热毒壅
遏,则出不快。盖毒瓦斯复辄还于里,有误服凉药,使腠理秘,外不得出于肌肤,毒瓦斯倒于里
者,有被恶气熏触,不谨房事,复触入里,甚者皆可为胃烂便血,各随证救之。如风寒所伏
者,当解表而散之,治疮疹麻黄汤是也。内外毒瓦斯壅遏,复入里当解毒,如犀角汤之类是也
,冷气入胃冰伏者,当温之,胃爱散之类是也,恶气熏触,不谨房事触伏者,当烧乳香赤术
猪甲之类,服以苏合香丸等以御之。又有毒瓦斯内外有所感冒陷伏者,急以麻黄汤主之。王氏
手集白花蛇散橄榄核水煮服之,无不立效。如有内外触冒,失于救疗,遂至胃烂便血,此证
最恶,急宜用犀角地黄汤甘草散以解之。解之渐苏醒,疮出者活,神昏冒闷者死。
伏匿的积热毒邪,严重的会发展为疮疹。当荣卫之气被热毒熏蒸时,毒邪外发形成斑痘。此时肌肤感到疼痛,应静养以守护正气,这样毒邪就能顺利透出而痊愈。如果接触不洁的气味,或者因行房事触犯禁忌,导致阴阳相感,毒气附着于人,就会使疮疹内陷,毒气攻心,导致神志昏乱而死。如果在疮疹发出后再次触犯禁忌,会导致疮口黑烂,痛如刀割。即使侥幸疮疹得以安宁,留下的瘢痕多年仍呈黑色。张仲景论述在疮疹未发出之前,适宜在房室内烧赤术和猪甲这两种药材,以辟除恶气;并严格戒除饮酒和性欲,让人看守房室门户,防止外人进入造成触犯,致使小儿疮疹难以透出。如果有触犯的情况,面部出现青黄色者尚属轻症。总之,在左右上下安置胡荽,能化解狐臭及各类污秽恶气;再燃烧乳香,使室内香气不绝,以辟除一切恶气,兼助疮疹容易透出并结痂。疮疹畏惧杂乱的恶气,不可不谨慎。这就像柑橘果脯放在一起,坏了一个,全部都会腐烂。古语说:“树遇到桂枝就会枯死,雌黄遇到胡粉就会变黑”,这也是物类相互感应的道理。
钱乙论述疮疹是胎儿在母腹中所受的秽毒所致,所以小儿患疮疹时,五脏都会表现出证候,因此前人早有方法加以制约。《千金方》说:婴儿刚出生时,适宜喂服生地黄汁,点涂在孩子口中,使其排出黑色的秽物,那么长大后也不会遭受疮疹之苦。因为排出的黑色物质,就是腹中所受的秽毒。人们往往只看到这种方法简单直接而不愿采用,或许是只顾眼前,不考虑后患吧。
小儿胃热引发发斑,斑点既然已经出于肌肤,但在疮疹正欲发出之时,若外受风寒伏遏,或毒气太盛,热毒壅滞遏制,就会导致透发不畅。这是因为毒气又返回体内,误服凉药使腠理闭塞,毒气不能从肌肤外出,反而倒陷入里;或者是被恶气熏染触犯,不谨慎房事,再次导致毒气内陷。严重的甚至会导致胃烂便血,应根据具体证候进行救治。如果是被风寒伏遏的,应当解表散邪,治疗疮疹的麻黄汤就是此类方剂。如果是内外毒气壅滞,重新入里的,应当解毒,如犀角汤之类就是此类方剂。如果是冷气入胃,冰伏于内的,应当温中,胃爱散之类就是此类方剂。如果是被恶气熏染触犯,或因不谨慎房事导致的伏邪,应当燃烧乳香、赤术、猪甲等,并服用苏合香丸等来抵御。又有毒气内外感冒陷伏的,急用麻黄汤主治。王氏手集所载的白花蛇散,用橄榄核水煮服,无不立即见效。如果有内外触冒,失于救治,导致胃烂便血,此证最为凶险,急宜使用犀角地黄汤甘草散来解救。服药后逐渐苏醒,疮疹发出的可以存活,神志昏迷闷乱死亡的。
The latent accumulated heat-toxin, in severe cases, manifests as sores and rashes. When the Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi are steamed by the heat-toxin, and the toxin emerges as macules and pustules, causing pain on the skin, one should remain quiet to guard the healthy Qi. In this way, the toxin will smoothly emerge and the patient will recover. If exposed to foul odors or if sexual intercourse is engaged in, violating taboos, leading to a mutual influence of Yin and Yang, the toxic qi attaches to the person, causing the sores and rashes to sink inward. If the toxic qi enters the Heart, it causes mental confusion and death. If touched again after the sores and rashes have emerged, it causes the sores to turn black and rot, feeling as painful as being cut by a knife. Even if the sores and rashes eventually settle, the resulting scars may remain black for years. Zhang Zhongjing discussed that before the sores and rashes emerge, it is appropriate to burn *Atractylodis Rhizoma* (Cangzhu, 苍术) and pig scutes (Zhujia, 猪甲) in the room to repel evil qi. One must strictly abstain from alcohol and sexual desires, and have someone guard the doors and windows of the room to prevent outsiders from entering and causing violations, which would hinder the emergence of the child's sores and rashes. If there is a violation, and the face appears cyan-yellow, the condition is still relatively mild. In summary, placing *Coriandri Fructus* (Huisui, 胡荽) around can resolve fox stench and other foul odors; burning *Boswelliae Resina* (Ruxiang, 乳香) continuously keeps the room fragrant, repelling all evil qi and helping the sores and rashes emerge easily and form scabs. Sores and rashes fear mixed foul odors, so caution is essential. It is like citrus preserves stored together: if one spoils, they all spoil. The ancient saying goes, "Trees wither when encountering Cinnamon Twig," and "Realgar turns black when meeting White Lead Powder." This is also due to the mutual感应 (influence) between different categories of things.
Qian Yi discussed that sores and rashes are caused by the filth-toxin received in the mother's womb. Therefore, when children suffer from sores and rashes, all five Zang organs show signs, so predecessors had methods to control them. The *Qian Jin Fang* states: When an infant is just born, it is appropriate to administer juice of *Rehmanniae Radix* (Shengdihuang, 生地黄) into the child's mouth, causing the discharge of black filth. Then, when grown up, they will not suffer from sores and rashes. The black discharge represents the filth-toxin received in the abdomen. People often find this method too simple and direct to use, perhaps because they only consider the present without thinking of future consequences.
When a child's Stomach Heat triggers macules, although the spots have emerged on the skin, if external Wind-Cold suppresses the eruption, or if the toxic qi is too abundant, causing heat-toxin to stagnate and obstruct, the eruption will be slow. This is because the toxic qi returns inward. Misusing cooling medicines closes the Couli (pores), preventing the toxin from exiting through the skin, causing the toxic qi to invert and sink inward. Alternatively, exposure to foul odors or immoderate sexual activity causes the toxin to sink inward again. Severe cases can lead to gastric ulceration and bloody stools. Treatment should follow the specific syndrome. If suppressed by Wind-Cold, release the exterior and disperse it; *Mahuang Tang* (Ephedra Decoction) for treating sores and rashes is such a formula. If internal and external toxic qi stagnates and re-enters the interior, clear the toxin; *Xijiao Tang* (Rhino Horn Decoction) and similar formulas are used. If cold qi enters the Stomach and freezes it, warm it; *Weiai San* (Stomach-Warming Powder) is such a formula. If triggered by foul odors or immoderate sexual activity, burn *Boswelliae Resina* (Ruxiang, 乳香), *Atractylodis Rhizoma* (Cangzhu, 苍术), and pig scutes (Zhujia, 猪甲), and take *Suhe Xiang Wan* (Styrax Pill) to resist it. For toxic qi affected by external and internal factors and sunk/latent, urgently use *Mahuang Tang* (Ephedra Decoction). Wang Shi's Hand Collection prescribes *Baihua She San* (White Flower Snake Powder) boiled with olive pits, which yields immediate results. If external and internal violations are neglected and untreated, leading to gastric ulceration and bloody stools, this condition is extremely malignant. Urgently use *Xijiao Dihuang Tang* (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) combined with Licorice Powder to resolve it. If the patient gradually regains consciousness and the sores emerge, they survive; if they are comatose and confused, they die.