《妇人良方》曰∶新产之后虽无疾,宜将息,调理脾胃,进美饮食,则脏腑易平复,气血自然和调,百疾不生
也。加味四君子汤、四顺理中丸,百日之内,宜常服之。
《产宝新书》曰∶产后气血暴虚,理当大补,但恶露未尽,用补恐致滞血,唯生化汤行中有补,能生又能
化,真万全之剂也。如四物汤,产后误人多矣。地黄性滞,白芍酸寒伐生气,生化汤除此二味,加以温中行血
之剂。如产后儿枕作痛,世多用消块散血之剂,然后议补。又有消与补混施,不知旧血虽当消化,新血亦当生养。
若专攻旧,则新血转伤。世以回生丹治产,用攻血块,下胞衣,落死胎。虽见速效,其元气未免亏损。生化汤,
因药性功用而立名也。产后血块当消,而新血亦当生。若专用消,则新血不生。专用生,则旧血反滞。考诸药
性,多芎、归、桃仁三味,善攻旧血,骤生新血,佐以黑姜、炙草,引三味入于肺肝,生血利气。五味共方,
行中有补,实产后圣药也。
产妇胞衣一破,速煎一帖,候儿头下地即服,不拘半产正产。虽平安,少壮妇无恙者,俱宜服一二帖,以消
血块而生新血,自无血晕之患。若胎前素弱,至产后见危证,不厌频服,病退即止。若照常日服一帖,岂能扶将
绝之气血也。如血块痛,加肉桂三分、红花三分、益母草五钱。如产后劳甚血崩,形
色虚脱,加人参三四钱。如汗出气促,人参倍加。
慎斋按∶生化汤一方,载之《产宝新书》,凡产后一切证,俱以是方为加减,颇稳当可法,故录之。与《妇
人良方》所载,用加味四君子、四顺理中,一治产证,一治脾胃,可并参之。
《妇人良方》说:新产之后,即使没有疾病,也应当注意调养,调理脾胃,进食营养丰富的食物,这样脏腑就容易恢复平衡,气血自然调和,各种疾病就不会产生。加味四君子汤、四顺理中丸,在产后一百天内,适宜经常服用。
《产宝新书》说:产后气血突然虚弱,按理应当大补,但是恶露尚未排尽,使用补药恐怕会导致瘀血停滞,只有生化汤(Shenghua Tang, Decoction for Generating the New)在行血中有补益作用,既能生新血又能化瘀血,真是万全的药剂。像四物汤(Sìwù Tāng, Four Substances Decoction),在产后误用的人太多了。地黄(Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Shu Di Huang)性质黏滞,白芍(Paeoniae Radix Alba, Baishao)酸寒会损伤生发之气,生化汤去除了这两味药,加上温中行血的药物。比如产后因儿枕(子宫内残留的瘀血块)作痛,世人多用消散肿块、活血的药物,然后才考虑进补。又有将消导与补益混合施用的,不知道旧瘀血虽然应当消除,新血也应当生长滋养。如果专门攻逐旧瘀,那么新血反而受伤。世人用回生丹(Huisheng Dan, Revival Pill)治疗产后病,用来攻破血块,排出胞衣,堕下死胎。虽然见效迅速,但元气难免亏损。生化汤,是根据药物的性味功用而命名的。产后血块应当消除,而新血也应当生成。如果专用消法,那么新血无法生成;专用生法,那么旧瘀血反而停滞。考察这些药物的性味,多由川芎(Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Chuanxiong)、当归(Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Danggui)、桃仁(Persicae Semen, Taoren)三味组成,善于攻逐旧瘀血,迅速生成新血,辅以黑姜(Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisatum, Heijiang)、炙甘草(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata cum Melle, Zhigancao),引导这三味药进入肺经和肝经,生血利气。五味药共同组方,行血中有补益,确实是产后的圣药。
产妇胞衣一旦破裂,立即煎煮一帖,等到胎儿头部落地时就服用,不论半产还是足月正产都适用。即使是平安无事、身体强壮健康的妇女,也都适宜服用一二帖,以消除血块并生成新血,自然就没有血晕(产后头晕目眩甚至昏厥)的祸患。如果在胎前体质素来虚弱,到了产后出现危重证候,不妨频繁服用,病情消退就停止。如果像平常日子那样只服一帖,怎么能扶持将绝的气血呢?如果有血块疼痛,加入肉桂(Cinnamomi Cortex, Rougui)三分、红花(Carthami Flos, Honghua)三分、益母草(Leonuri Herba, Yimucao)五钱。如果是产后劳累严重导致血崩,形体面色虚脱,加入人参(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Renshen)三四钱。如果是汗出气促,人参加倍使用。
慎斋按语:生化汤这一方剂,记载于《产宝新书》,凡是产后的一切证候,都可以以此方为基础进行加减,颇为稳妥得当,值得效法,所以记录下来。它与《妇人良方》所载的用加味四君子汤、四顺理中丸,一个治疗产后病症,一个调理脾胃,可以互相参考。
The *Furen Liangfang* (Excellent Prescriptions for Women) states: After childbirth, even if there are no diseases, one should pay attention to recuperation and regulate the Spleen and Stomach, consuming nutritious food. In this way, the Zang-Fu organs will easily return to balance, Qi and Blood will naturally harmonize, and various diseases will not arise. Jiawei Sijunzi Tang (Modified Four Gentlemen Decoction) and Sishun Lizhong Wan (Four-Directional Regulating Middle Pill) are suitable for regular consumption within one hundred days postpartum.
The *Chanbao Xinshu* (New Book of Obstetrics) states: Postpartum Qi and Blood are suddenly deficient, so it is appropriate to tonify heavily. However, since lochia has not yet cleared, using tonics may cause blood stasis to stagnate. Only Shenghua Tang (Decoction for Generating the New) offers tonification within its blood-invigorating action; it can generate new blood and transform old stasis, making it a truly comprehensive remedy. Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), on the other hand, has misled many in the postpartum period. Dihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Root) has a cloying nature, and Baishao (White Peony Root) is sour and cold, which damages the vitalizing Qi. Shenghua Tang removes these two herbs and adds warming and blood-invigorating agents. For instance, regarding pain caused by "Erzhen" (a mass of retained blood in the uterus), people commonly use formulas that dissipate masses and invigorate blood first, before considering tonification. Others mix blood-dispersing and tonifying methods, failing to realize that while old stasis should be resolved, new blood must also be nourished. If one focuses solely on attacking the old stasis, the new blood will be damaged. People use Huisheng Dan (Revival Pill) to treat postpartum conditions, aiming to break blood masses, expel the placenta, and abort dead fetuses. Although quick effects are seen, the Yuanqi (Original Qi) inevitably suffers depletion. Shenghua Tang is named after the properties and functions of its ingredients. Postpartum blood masses should be eliminated, and new blood should be generated. If only dispersing methods are used, new blood cannot be formed; if only generating methods are used, old stasis will stagnate. Examining the properties of these herbs, the formula mainly consists of three ingredients: Chuanxiong (Szechwan Lovage Rhizome), Danggui (Chinese Angelica Root), and Taoren (Peach Kernel). These are good at attacking old stasis and rapidly generating new blood. They are assisted by Heijiang (Charred Ginger Rhizome) and Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), which guide the three main herbs into the Lung and Liver meridians to generate blood and promote Qi flow. The five ingredients together form a prescription where invigorating blood contains tonification, making it truly the sacred medicine for postpartum care.
Once the fetal membranes rupture, decoct one dose immediately and administer it as soon as the baby's head emerges, regardless of whether it is a premature or full-term birth. Even if the delivery was smooth and the woman is young and healthy, she should still take one or two doses to eliminate blood masses and generate new blood, thereby avoiding the risk of Xueyun (blood dizziness/fainting). If the woman had weak constitution during pregnancy and presents with critical symptoms postpartum, frequent administration is acceptable until the illness recedes. If one were to take only one dose as usual, how could it support the nearly exhausted Qi and Blood? If there is pain from blood masses, add 3 fen of Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), 3 fen of Honghua (Safflower Flower), and 5 qian of Yimucao (Motherwort Herb). If severe exertion leads to metrorrhagia (profuse uterine bleeding) with physical collapse and pallor, add 3–4 qian of Renshen (Ginseng Root and Rhizome). If sweating and shortness of breath occur, double the dosage of Renshen.
Shenzhai’s commentary: The Shenghua Tang formula is recorded in the *Chanbao Xinshu*. For all postpartum conditions, this formula can be modified accordingly; it is quite stable and worthy of emulation, hence it is recorded here. It complements the *Furen Liangfang*, which recommends Jiawei Sijunzi Tang and Sishun Lizhong Wan. One treats postpartum syndromes, while the other regulates the Spleen and Stomach; they can be consulted together.