方约之曰∶产后之证多端，其源有三，曰血虚火动，曰败血妄行，曰饮食过伤，何以明之？气属阳，血属阴，
产后去血过多，血虚火动，为烦躁发热之类，一也；虚火上载，败血妄行，为头晕腹痛之类，二也；经云∶少
火生气，壮火食气。东垣云∶火为元气之贼。产后火伤元气，脾胃虚弱，若饮食过伤，为痞满泄泻之类，三也。
治法，血虚火动则补之，败血妄行则散之，饮食过伤则消之。但人元气有虚实，疾病有浅深，治疗有难易，又
不可一概论也。
慎斋按∶以上五条，序妇人新产后有诸证之变现也。产后见证多端，仲景下三条，其大略也。约之一条尤
切要，而产后犯之者众。但云壮火食气，产后火伤元气，致脾胃虚弱，饮食过伤为痞泻证。夫产后之火，虚乎
实乎？况痞满泄泻，亦不专主壮火为害也，立论不能无弊。
孙真人曰∶产后七日内，恶血未尽，不可服汤，候脐下块散，乃进羊肉汤。有痛甚者，不在此例，候二三日
消息，可服泽兰丸。
《产宝》曰∶才产不得与酒，缘酒引血进
入四肢。产母脏腑方虚，不禁酒力，热酒入腹，必致昏闷，不可多饮。时呷少许，可以避风邪，养气血，下
恶露，行乳汁也。
《胎产须知》曰∶新产后，童便不宜乱服。《大全》云产毕可饮热童便一盏，即一热字，或与药同服，或与
酒同服，童便有益阴降火之功，无寒凉凝瘀之患，则童便不宜单服明矣。况童便必择清白无臭味者佳，若黄浊
不堪，则气既混杂，味亦腥 。此时产母气血已虚，胃气甚薄，饮之必致呕恶泄泻，非徒无益，而反害之。
方约之说：产后病症繁多，其根源有三条，分别是血虚导致虚火妄动、败血（瘀血）乱行、以及饮食过度损伤。如何阐明这一点呢？气属于阳，血属于阴。产后失血过多，导致血虚而虚火妄动，出现烦躁、发热等症状，这是第一种情况；虚火上炎，加之败血乱行，出现头晕、腹痛等症状，这是第二种情况；《内经》说：“少火”能生气，“壮火”会耗气。李东垣说：火是元气的贼寇。产后火邪损伤元气，导致脾胃虚弱，如果饮食过度损伤，会出现痞满、泄泻等症状，这是第三种情况。治疗方法上，血虚火动则予以补益，败血妄行则予以消散，饮食过伤则予以消导。但是人的元气有虚实之分，疾病有浅深之别，治疗有难易之异，又不能一概而论。
慎斋按语：以上五条，叙述了妇女新产后各种病症的表现。产后见证繁多，张仲景提出的三条，是大致的纲领。方约之的一条尤为切中要害，且产后犯此病者众多。但他只提到“壮火食气”，认为产后火邪损伤元气，导致脾胃虚弱，饮食过伤引发痞满泄泻证。那么产后的火，是虚火还是实火呢？况且痞满泄泻，也不完全是由壮火为害引起的，他的立论不能没有弊端。
孙思邈说：产后七日内，恶露未尽，不可服用汤药，需等到脐下积块消散后，才进服羊肉汤。如果有疼痛剧烈的，不在此例，需观察两三天斟酌处理，可以服用泽兰丸。
《产宝》说：刚生产完不得饮酒，因为酒会引血进入四肢。产妇脏腑刚刚处于虚弱状态，承受不住酒力，热酒入腹，必然导致昏闷，不可多饮。偶尔喝少许，可以避风邪，养气血，下恶露，行乳汁。
《胎产须知》说：新产后，童便不宜随意服用。《大全》说产后可饮一盏热童便，即一个“热”字，或者与药同服，或者与酒同服，童便有滋阴降火的功效，没有寒凉凝滞瘀血的祸患，那么童便不宜单独服用就明确了。况且童便必须选择清白无臭味的为佳，如果黄浊不堪，则气味混杂，味道腥臭。此时产妇气血已虚，胃气很弱，饮用必然导致呕吐、恶心、泄泻，不仅无益，反而有害。
Fang Yuezhi stated: Postpartum syndromes are diverse, with three main origins: blood deficiency leading to hyperactive fire (deficiency fire), abnormal flow of retained blood (stasis), and excessive dietary injury. How can this be clarified? Qi belongs to Yang, and Blood belongs to Yin. After childbirth, excessive blood loss leads to blood deficiency and hyperactive fire, manifesting as irritability and fever; this is the first case. Hyperactive fire flares upward, combined with the abnormal flow of retained blood, manifests as dizziness and abdominal pain; this is the second case. The *Neijing* states: "Mild fire generates Qi, while excessive fire consumes Qi." Li Dongyuan stated: "Fire is the thief of Yuan Qi (Original Qi)." Postpartum, fire pathogenic factors damage Yuan Qi, causing Spleen and Stomach weakness. If dietary intake is excessive, it leads to sensations of fullness and diarrhea; this is the third case. The treatment principles are: for blood deficiency with hyperactive fire, tonify; for abnormal flow of retained blood, dissipate; for dietary injury, resolve stagnation. However, human Yuan Qi varies in deficiency or excess, diseases vary in depth and superficiality, and treatments vary in difficulty and ease; thus, they cannot be generalized uniformly.
Shenzhai commented: The above five points outline the manifestations of various postpartum syndromes. Postpartum presentations are numerous; Zhang Zhongjing's three points represent the general framework. Fang Yuezhi's point is particularly pertinent, and many women suffer from it after childbirth. However, he only mentions that "excessive fire consumes Qi," attributing postpartum Spleen and Stomach weakness and subsequent dietary-induced fullness and diarrhea to fire damaging Yuan Qi. Is postpartum fire deficiency or excess? Moreover, fullness and diarrhea are not solely caused by excessive fire. His theoretical stance has flaws.
Sun Simiao said: Within seven days after childbirth, when lochia (retained blood) is not yet cleared, decoctions should not be taken. Wait until the masses below the umbilicus dissipate before administering mutton soup. In cases of severe pain, this rule does not apply; wait two or three days to assess, then Zelan Wan may be administered.
The *Chanbao* states: Alcohol should not be consumed immediately after delivery because alcohol draws blood into the four limbs. The mother's Zang-Fu organs are newly deficient and cannot tolerate the effects of alcohol. Hot wine entering the abdomen will inevitably cause dizziness and confusion; it should not be drunk in large quantities. Consuming small amounts occasionally can ward off wind pathogens, nourish Qi and Blood, facilitate the discharge of lochia, and promote lactation.
The *Taichan XuZhi* states: Tongbian (Child urine) should not be taken indiscriminately in the immediate postpartum period. The *Daquan* states that a cup of hot tongbian can be drunk after delivery. The emphasis on "hot" suggests it should be taken either with medicinal decoctions or with wine. Tongbian has the function of nourishing Yin and descending fire without causing cold-induced stasis; therefore, it is clear that tongbian should not be taken alone. Furthermore, tongbian must be selected for being clear, white, and odorless. If it is yellow, turbid, and unpalatable, its Qi is mixed, and its taste is fishy. At this time, the mother's Qi and Blood are already deficient, and Stomach Qi is very weak. Drinking it will inevitably lead to vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea, doing no good and instead causing harm.