李氏曰∶经水断而后肿，名曰血分，乃瘀血化水，闭塞胞水，此水肿难治，但当调其经，则水自消，用小调
经散、葶苈丸加丹皮、牛膝、红花。若先浮肿而后经水不通，名曰水分，乃脾不能制，血与水并，肌肉为之虚
肿，红矾丸、肾气丸加泽泻、防己、葶苈、木通。
薛立斋曰∶妇人血分水分证，或因饮食失节，或因六淫七情失宜，以致脾胃亏损，不能生发，气血乖违失
常，致形气不足，邪塞隧道，必用椒仁、葶苈二丸，以宣导其邪，佐以补元气之药，庶真气不复伤也。
慎斋按∶以上七条，序妇人有血分、水分之证也。妇人以血用事，而月信其最要也。故曰入门看妇人病，
先问经期，经期之先后、多寡、枯闭，即可以断妇病之浅深轻重。如血分之病，在经水先断，而后头面四肢肿
满，此血不营运，气壅不化。法当通经调血，血行而肿自消。若先四肢肿满，后经水断绝，此直是水肿病耳，
何必名以水分，与血分同出条例耶，此古人分证立名之多惑也。
《证治要诀》曰∶有经事不通，血入四肢，化为水，遂成肿满，非独产后为然，名曰血分。误作水治，其
害不小，宜调经散。
武叔卿曰∶气者水之母，血者气所化。非气无以生血，非血无以养气。若经水不通，则血病气亦病。岂有水
不通而能化血乎。血不通而化水者，乃是气壅不能化血而成水也。观桃仁丸，可见矣。
李氏说：月经停止之后出现浮肿，称为血分证，这是瘀血转化为水湿，阻滞胞宫与水道所致。这种水肿难以治疗，但应当调理月经，则水湿自然消退。可用小调经散、葶苈丸，加牡丹皮、牛膝、红花。如果先出现浮肿，然后月经不通，称为水分证，这是脾脏不能制约水湿，血与水湿并病，肌肉因此虚肿。可用红矾丸、肾气丸，加泽泻、防己、葶苈子、木通。
薛立斋说：妇人的血分和水分证，可能因为饮食不节制，或者六淫（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）和七情（喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊）失调，导致脾胃受损，不能生发气血，气血运行乖违失常，致使形体与正气不足，邪气阻塞经络隧道。必须用椒仁丸、葶苈丸，以宣通导引邪气，辅以补益元气的药物，这样真气才不会被进一步损伤。
慎斋按语：以上七条，叙述了妇人患有血分和水分证的情况。妇人以血为主要生理基础，而月经是最关键的指标。所以说，入门诊治妇人病，首先要询问经期。经期的先后、经量的多少、以及枯少或闭止，就可以判断妇人疾病的浅深轻重。如果是血分病，是在月经先停止后，出现头面四肢肿胀满闷，这是血液运行不畅，气机壅滞不能化行。治法应当通经调血，血行通畅则肿胀自然消除。如果先出现四肢肿胀满闷，后来月经断绝，这直接就是水肿病罢了，何必命名为水分证，并与血分证列在同一条例中呢？这是古人分证立名多令人困惑的地方。
《证治要诀》说：有月经不通，血液流入四肢，化为水湿，遂成肿胀满闷，不仅产后如此，称为血分证。误当作水湿病治疗，危害不小，宜用调经散。
武叔卿说：气是水之母，血是由气所化生的。没有气就无法生血，没有血就无法养气。如果月经不通，则是血病，气也随之生病。哪里有水湿不通却能化生血液的道理呢？血不通而化为水湿的，乃是气机壅滞不能化生血液而变成水湿。观察桃仁丸的功效，就可以明白了。
Li stated: When edema occurs after the cessation of menstruation, it is named Blood Division (Xue Fen), which results from stasis transforming into water and obstructing the uterus and water pathways. This type of edema is difficult to treat; however, by regulating the menses, the water will dissipate naturally. One may use Xiao Tiaojing San (Minor Regulation Menstruation Powder), Tingli Wan (Descurainia Seed Pill), added with Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), and Honghua (Carthamus Flower). If edema appears first, followed by the obstruction of menstruation, it is named Water Division (Shui Fen). This arises because the Spleen fails to control water, causing blood and water to combine, leading to flaccid swelling of the muscles. One may use Hongfan Wan (Red Alum Pill) or Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill), added with Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Fangji (Stephania Root), Tingli (Descurainia Seed), and Mutong (Akebia Caulis).
Xue Lizhai stated: Women’s Blood Division and Water Division syndromes may result from irregular diet or imbalances in the Six Evils (Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire) and Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Pensiveness, Sadness, Fear, Fright), leading to damage of the Spleen and Stomach, failure of vital qi generation, deviation of qi and blood, insufficiency of form and healthy qi, and obstruction of meridians by pathogenic factors. It is necessary to use Jiaoren Wan (Pepper Kernel Pill) and Tingli Wan to vent and guide out the pathogens, assisted by herbs that tonify primordial qi, so that true qi is not further injured.
Shenzhai commented: The above seven entries describe the Blood Division and Water Division syndromes in women. Women rely on blood for their physiological functions, and menstruation is the most critical indicator. Therefore, it is said that when entering the field of gynecology, one must first inquire about the menstrual cycle. The regularity, volume, scarcity, or amenorrhea of the menses allow one to judge the depth and severity of gynecological diseases. In cases of Blood Division disease, where menstruation ceases first, followed by swelling and fullness of the head, face, and limbs, this indicates that blood circulation is impaired and qi stagnation fails to transform fluids. The treatment method should be to unblock the channels and regulate blood; once blood flows freely, the swelling will subside. However, if limb swelling and fullness appear first, followed by the cessation of menstruation, this is simply an edema disease. Why name it Water Division and list it under the same category as Blood Division? This reflects the confusion often found in ancient physicians' classification and naming of syndromes.
Zhengzhi Yaojue (Essentials of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment) states: There are cases where menstruation is obstructed, blood enters the four limbs, transforms into water, and results in swelling and fullness. This is not limited to the postpartum period and is named Blood Division. Mistaking it for a water-disease and treating it accordingly can cause significant harm; Xiao Tiaojing San (Regulation Menstruation Powder) is appropriate.
Wu Shuqing stated: Qi is the mother of water, and blood is transformed from qi. Without qi, blood cannot be generated; without blood, qi cannot be nourished. If menstruation is obstructed, the blood is diseased, and consequently, the qi is also diseased. How could water obstruction lead to the transformation into blood? When blood is obstructed and transforms into water, it is due to qi stagnation failing to transform blood, resulting in water accumulation. This can be understood by observing the effects of Taoren Wan (Peach Kernel Pill).