〔大〕产后中风,筋脉四肢挛急者,是气血不足,脏腑俱虚,月内未满,起早劳役,
动伤脏腑,虚损未复,为风所乘,风邪冷气。初客于皮肤经络,则令人顽痹不仁,羸乏少
气。风气入于筋脉,挟寒则挛急也。
〔薛〕肝属木而主筋,前证若肝经风热血燥,用加味逍遥散,如不应,当用六味地
黄丸以补肾水。经云∶风客淫气,精乃亡,邪伤肝也。仍参前杂证诸风血方论治之。 一
产妇筋挛臂软,肌肉掣动,此气血俱虚而自热也,用十全大补汤而安。一产妇手麻,服
愈风丹,遍身皆麻,神思倦怠。余谓气血虚弱,用十全大补加炮姜,数剂渐愈,去姜又
数剂,及逍遥散而痊。
芎 散 治产后中风,四肢筋脉挛急疼痛,背项强急。
芎 羌活 当归(各去芦) 酸枣仁(炒) 羚羊角屑(各七钱半) 防风(去芦)
牛蒡子(各一两,炒) 桂心 赤芍药(各半两)
上为 咀,每服八钱,水一大盏半,煎至一大盏,去 温服,不拘时。
〔薛〕前方如未应,当用八珍汤。更不应,用十全大补汤。
防己膏 治产后中风,四肢筋脉挛急,身体麻痹,并宜用之。
汉防已(去皮,半斤) 茵芋(五两)
上为 咀,用酒五升,浸药一宿,取猪肪脂一斤,文武火熬三上三下成膏,摊在纸
花上,贴病患患处,以热手不住摩膏上。
【大论】产后感受风邪,导致筋脉和四肢拘挛紧急的,是因为气血不足,脏腑都虚弱。如果在产后一个月内未满时,过早起床劳作,损伤了脏腑,虚损尚未恢复,风邪便乘虚而入,风邪夹杂寒气。起初风邪客居于皮肤经络,就会使人出现肢体麻木不仁、身体消瘦乏力、气短等症状。风气侵入筋脉,如果夹带寒气,就会导致筋脉拘挛紧急。
【薛己按语】肝属木,主司筋脉。前述病症如果是肝经风热且血液枯燥,应使用加味逍遥散;如果无效,应当使用六味地黄丸来补肾水。医经说:“风邪客居并淫乱正气,精气就会耗亡,这是邪气伤害肝脏。”仍然参考前面杂病中各种风证及血证的方论进行治疗。
有一位产妇出现筋挛、手臂软弱、肌肉抽动,这是气血俱虚导致的内热,使用十全大补汤后痊愈。另一位产妇手部发麻,服用愈风丹后,全身都感到麻木,精神倦怠。我认为这是气血虚弱,于是使用十全大补汤加入炮姜,服用几剂后逐渐好转,去掉姜后再服几剂,最后用逍遥散而康复。
芎藭散:治疗产后中风,四肢筋脉拘挛紧急疼痛,背部和颈部僵硬紧急。
药材组成:川芎、羌活、当归(各去除芦头)、酸枣仁(炒制)、羚羊角屑(各七钱半)、防风(去除芦头)、牛蒡子(各一两,炒制)、桂心、赤芍药(各半两)。
制法与用法:将上述药物捣碎成粗末,每次服用八钱,加水一大盏半,煎煮至剩下一大盏,去渣后温服,不拘泥于固定时间。
【薛己按语】前方如果无效,应当使用八珍汤。如果再无效,使用十全大补汤。
防己膏:治疗产后中风,四肢筋脉拘挛紧急,身体麻痹,均适宜使用。
药材组成:汉防己(去皮,半斤)、茵芋(五两)。
制法与用法:将上述药物捣碎成粗末,用酒五升浸泡药物一夜,取猪脂肪一斤,用文火和武火交替熬制,经过三次上升三次下降的过程制成膏状,涂抹在纸花上,贴敷于患者患处,并用热手不停地按摩膏药表面。
[Da Lun] Postpartum wind-stroke accompanied by spasmodic tightness of the tendons and limbs is caused by deficiency of Qi and Blood, with all Zang-Fu organs being deficient. If one rises early and engages in labor before the completion of the first month postpartum, the Zang-Fu organs are damaged, and the deficiency has not yet recovered; thus, Wind pathogen takes advantage of this weakness. The Wind pathogen combined with Cold initially lodges in the skin and meridians, causing numbness and insensitivity (Wan Bi Bu Ren), emaciation, fatigue, and shortness of breath. When Wind Qi enters the tendons and vessels and is accompanied by Cold, it results in spasmodic tightness.
[Xue Ji's Commentary] The Liver belongs to Wood and governs the tendons. If the aforementioned symptoms are due to Wind-Heat in the Liver channel and dryness of the Blood, Jia Wei Xiao Yao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) should be used. If there is no response, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) should be employed to tonify Kidney Water. The Classic states: "When Wind lodges and disrupts Zheng Qi, Essence is lost, and the Liver is injured by the pathogen." Treatment should still refer to the discussions on various Wind syndromes and Blood formulas in previous miscellaneous disease chapters.
One parturient presented with tendon spasms, flaccidity of the arms, and muscle twitching; this was due to dual deficiency of Qi and Blood generating internal heat, which was resolved using Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Comprehensive Great Tonifying Decoction). Another parturient suffered from hand numbness; after taking Yu Feng Dan (Wind-Dispelling Pill), she experienced numbness throughout her body and mental fatigue. I diagnosed this as Qi and Blood deficiency and prescribed Shi Quan Da Bu Tang with Pao Jiang (Roasted Ginger). After several doses, she gradually improved. After removing the Ginger for a few more doses, she was finally cured with Xiao Yao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder).
Xiong Qiong San (Ligusticum and Chuanxiong Powder): Treats postpartum wind-stroke with spasmodic tightness and pain in the tendons and vessels of the four limbs, and stiffness/tightness of the back and neck.
Ingredients: Xiong Qiong (Chuanxiong Rhizome), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) [each remove rhizome], Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) [stir-fried], Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tataricae Cornu) [each 7.5 qian], Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) [remove rhizome], Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus) [each 1 liang, stir-fried], Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Cortex), Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) [each 0.5 liang].
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into coarse powder. Each dose consists of 8 qian, decocted in 1.5 large cups of water until reduced to 1 large cup. Strain and take warm, at any time.
[Xue Ji's Commentary] If the above formula yields no result, Ba Zhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) should be used. If that also fails, use Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Comprehensive Great Tonifying Decoction).
Fang Ji Gao (Stephania Plaster): Treats postpartum wind-stroke with spasmodic tightness of the tendons and vessels in the four limbs and bodily numbness; suitable for all such cases.
Ingredients: Han Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix) [remove bark, 0.5 jin], Yin Yu (Berberidis Aristatae Rhizoma) [5 liang].
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into coarse powder. Soak the herbs in 5 sheng of wine overnight. Take 1 jin of pig lard (Zhu Fang Zhi) and simmer over alternating mild and strong fire, performing three cycles of rising and falling, until it becomes a plaster. Spread onto paper flowers and apply to the affected area. Continuously massage the plaster with warm hands.