天钓阳,内钓阴。
天钓者,壮热惊悸,眼目翻腾,手足抽掣,或啼或笑,喜怒不常,甚者爪甲皆青如祟之状。盖由乳母酒肉过度,烦
毒之气入乳乳儿,遂使心肺生热,痰郁气滞,加之外挟风邪,致有此耳。治法解利风热则愈。又有内钓者,腹痛多啼,
唇黑囊肿,伛偻反张,眼内有红筋斑血,盖寒气壅结,兼惊风而得之。经云∶内钓胸高,时复渐安,眼尾红脉见是也。
此乃胎中有风有惊,故有此证,先是五内抽掣,极痛狂叫,或泄泻缩脚,忍疼啼叫,内证一过,外证抽掣又来,内外交
攻,极难调理,却要分作两项下药,内证服聚宝丸、钩藤膏、魏香散,外搐服钩藤饮、保命丹,最要进得乳可以加得,
小儿受此病,间有好者,杨氏乳香丸、木香丸皆要药也。
聚宝丸 见第十六问聚宝丹。
钩藤膏 治小儿腹中极痛,干啼,后 ,名盘肠内钓。
乳香 没药 木香 姜黄片(各一钱) 木鳖子(去油、三个)
上为末,蜜丸芡实大,钩藤汤磨半丸入蜜服,先用此药定痛,再服魏香散。
魏香散
莪术(五钱) 阿魏(二钱)
上先将温酒化阿魏,浸莪术一昼夜,焙干为末,紫苏米饮调下。
钩藤饮 治小儿夜啼,乃脏冷也,阴盛于夜则冷动,冷动则为阴极发躁,寒盛作疼,所以夜啼不歇也,钩藤散
主之。治惊啼加蝉蜕、防风、天麻。前十六问有钩藤散,又二十问蝉蜕钩藤饮可兼看,对证用。
钩藤钩 茯神 茯苓 川芎 当归 木香 甘草 白芍药(各一钱)
上为末,每服一钱,姜枣略煎服,其或心热而烦啼,必有脸红舌白,小便赤涩之症,钩藤饮去木香加朱砂末一钱,
研和,每服一钱,木通汤调下,或锉散煎服亦可。
保命丸 见第十四问至圣保命丹。
乳香丸 治惊风内钓,腹痛惊啼。
乳香(半钱) 没药 沉香(各一钱) 蝎梢(十四个) 鸡心槟榔(一钱半)
上为末,炼蜜丸如桐子大,每服二丸,菖蒲钩藤汤下。
木香丸 治病如前。
乳香 没药 全蝎(各半钱) 钩藤 舶上茴香 木香(各一钱)
上先将乳香没药另研,次入诸药末,和毕,取大蒜少许研细,和丸桐子大,每服二丸、钩藤汤下。
所谓天钓,表现为高热、惊悸,眼球上翻或转动异常,手足抽搐掣动,有时啼哭有时发笑,喜怒无常,严重时指甲青紫,状如中邪。这通常是因为乳母饮酒吃肉过度,导致体内产生烦热毒气,传入乳汁被婴儿吸食后,致使心肺生热,痰湿郁结,气机阻滞,再加上外感风邪,从而引发此病。治疗原则是疏解风热即可痊愈。
另有内钓证,表现为腹痛、多啼哭,嘴唇发黑,阴囊肿胀,身体弯曲或角弓反张,眼尾有红筋和瘀血斑点。这是由于寒气壅结,兼受惊风所致。医经记载:“内钓证胸廓高耸,时而逐渐缓解,眼尾可见红脉。”这是因为胎儿在母体时受到风邪和惊恐的影响,所以出现这种病症。起初是五脏内部抽掣剧痛,疯狂叫喊,或者伴有腹泻、缩脚,强忍疼痛啼哭。当内证发作过后,外部的抽搐症状又会再次出现,内外症状交替攻击,极难调理。但必须将内外证分开用药:内证服用聚宝丸、钩藤膏、魏香散;外部抽搐服用钩藤饮、保命丹。最关键的是要让患儿能够进食母乳,这样病情才有转机。小儿患此病,间或有治愈的,杨氏乳香丸、木香丸都是重要的药物。
钩藤膏 治疗小儿腹部剧烈疼痛,干啼无泪,大便不通,名为盘肠内钓。
药材:乳香、没药、木香、姜黄片(各一钱),木鳖子(去油,三个)。
制法:以上药物研为细末,用蜂蜜制成如芡实大小的药丸。服用时用钩藤汤磨化半丸,加入蜂蜜送服。先用此药止痛,然后再服用魏香散。
魏香散
药材:莪术(五钱),阿魏(二钱)。
制法:先将温酒化开阿魏,浸泡莪树一昼夜,焙干后研为细末。用紫苏米饮调服。
钩藤饮 治疗小儿夜啼,这是脏寒所致。阴气在夜间旺盛则寒气发动,寒气发动则导致阴极生躁,寒盛则疼痛,所以夜啼不止。主治方剂为钩藤散。若因惊啼,可加蝉蜕、防风、天麻。前第十六问中有钩藤散,第二十问中有蝉蜕钩藤饮,可参考对照,对症使用。
药材:钩藤钩、茯神、茯苓、川芎、当归、木香、甘草、白芍药(各一钱)。
制法:以上药物研为细末,每次服用一钱,加生姜、大枣略煎后服用。如果患儿心热而烦躁啼哭,必然伴有脸红、舌苔白、小便赤涩等症状,此时应在钩藤饮中去掉木香,加入朱砂末一钱,研磨混合,每次服用一钱,用木通汤调下,或者将药散切碎煎服也可以。
保命丸 参见第十四问中的至圣保命丹。
乳香丸 治疗惊风内钓,腹痛惊啼。
药材:乳香(半钱),没药、沉香(各一钱),蝎梢(十四个),鸡心槟榔(一钱半)。
制法:以上药物研为细末,用炼蜜制成如梧桐子大小的药丸。每次服用两丸,用菖蒲钩藤汤送下。
木香丸 治疗症状同上。
药材:乳香、没药、全蝎(各半钱),钩藤、舶上茴香、木香(各一钱)。
制法:先将乳香、没药单独研磨,然后加入其他药物的细末,混合均匀。取少许大蒜研细,与药粉混合制成如梧桐子大小的药丸。每次服用两丸,用钩藤汤送下。
Tian Diao (Sky Hook) belongs to Yang patterns, while Nei Diao (Inner Hook) belongs to Yin patterns.
Tian Diao is characterized by high fever, palpitations with fright, upward deviation or abnormal movement of the eyes, and clonic spasms of the hands and feet. The infant may cry or laugh intermittently, displaying unpredictable emotions. In severe cases, the fingernails turn cyanotic, resembling a state of demonic possession. This condition typically arises because the nursing mother consumes excessive alcohol and meat, generating noxious heat-toxin qi that enters the breast milk. Upon ingestion by the infant, this causes heat in the Heart and Lung, leading to phlegm stagnation and qi obstruction. Compounded by external wind-pathogen invasion, these factors result in this disease. The treatment principle is to resolve wind-heat, after which the condition will heal.
Nei Diao presents with abdominal pain, frequent crying, black lips, scrotal swelling, flexion of the spine or opisthotonos, and red veins with petechiae at the corners of the eyes. This is caused by the accumulation and binding of cold pathogenic factors, combined with wind-stroke due to fright. The Classics state: "In Nei Diao, the chest is elevated, symptoms may gradually subside intermittently, and red vessels are visible at the outer canthus of the eye." This occurs because the fetus was exposed to wind and fright in the womb. Initially, there are internal spasms of the five zang organs causing extreme pain and frantic screaming, or accompanied by diarrhea and drawing up of the legs, enduring pain while crying. After the internal syndrome subsides, external spasms reappear. With internal and external pathogens attacking simultaneously, management is extremely difficult. However, medications must be differentiated for internal and external aspects: for internal symptoms, Ju Bao Wan (Treasure Treasure Pill), Gouteng Gao (Uncaria Paste), and Wei Xiang San (Wei Fragrant Powder) are administered; for external convulsions, Gouteng Yin (Uncaria Decoction) and Bao Ming Wan (Life-Preserving Pill) are used. Crucially, the infant must be able to suckle breast milk for recovery. Although rare, some infants recover from this disease. Yang Shi Ru Xiang Wan (Yang's Frankincense Pill) and Mu Xiang Wan (Aucklandia Pill) are essential remedies.
Ju Bao Wan: See Ju Bao Dan (Treasure Treasure Pill) in Question 16.
Gouteng Gao (Uncaria Paste): Treats severe abdominal pain in infants, dry crying without tears, and constipation, known as Pan Chang Nei Diao (Coiled Intestine Inner Hook).
Ingredients: Ruxiang (Frankincense Resin), Moyao (Myrrh), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Jianghuang Pian (Turmeric Rhizome Slices) (each 1 qian); Muguzi (Strychnos Nux-vomica Seed) (de-oiled, 3 seeds).
Preparation: Grind all ingredients into fine powder. Form pills the size of an Euryale seed (Qianshi) using honey. To administer, grind half a pill in Gouteng Tang (Uncaria Decoction), mix with honey, and give orally. Use this medication first to relieve pain, then follow with Wei Xiang San.
Wei Xiang San (Wei Fragrant Powder)
Ingredients: Ezhu (Curcuma Zedoary Rhizome) (5 qian); Awei (Asafoetida Resin) (2 qian).
Preparation: Dissolve Awei in warm wine first, soak Ezhu for one day and night, then bake until dry and grind into powder. Administer mixed with Perilla Rice Decoction.
Gouteng Yin (Uncaria Decoction): Treats infant nocturnal crying due to coldness of the viscera. Yin qi prevails at night, causing cold to move; when cold moves, it leads to restlessness due to extreme yin, and pain due to excess cold, resulting in incessant nocturnal crying. The primary formula is Gouteng San (Uncaria Powder). If due to fright-crying, add Chan Tui (Cicada Slough), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), and Tianma (Gastrodia Rhizome). Gouteng San is described in Question 16, and Chan Tui Gouteng Yin (Cicada Uncaria Decoction) in Question 20; consult these for appropriate application based on symptoms.
Ingredients: Gouteng Gou (Uncaria Rhynchophylla with Hooks), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood), Fuling (Poria), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Baishao Yao (White Peony Root) (each 1 qian).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct briefly with fresh ginger and jujube, and drink. If the infant has heart-heat causing irritability and crying, signs such as facial redness, white tongue coating, and dark, scanty urine will be present. In this case, remove Muxiang from Gouteng Yin, add 1 qian of Zhusha Mo (Cinnabar Powder), grind and mix well. Take 1 qian per dose, administered with Mutong Tang (Akebia Decoction), or the powder may be crushed and decocted for oral administration.
Bao Ming Wan (Life-Preserving Pill): See Zhi Sheng Bao Ming Dan (Supreme Life-Preserving Pill) in Question 14.
Ruxiang Wan (Frankincense Pill): Treats wind-stroke with inner hook, abdominal pain, and fright-crying.
Ingredients: Ruxiang (Frankincense Resin) (0.5 qian); Moyao (Myrrh), Chenxiang (Aquilaria Wood) (each 1 qian); Xie Shao (Scorpion Tail Tip) (14 pieces); Jixin Binglang (Chicken-heart Areca Nut) (1.5 qian).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Form pills the size of a Chinese quince seed using refined honey. Take 2 pills per dose, washed down with Changpu Gouteng Tang (Acorus and Uncaria Decoction).
Muxiang Wan (Aucklandia Pill): Treats the same conditions as above.
Ingredients: Ruxiang (Frankincense Resin), Moyao (Myrrh), Quanxie (Whole Scorpion) (each 0.5 qian); Gouteng (Uncaria Rhynchophylla), Bo Shang Huixiang (Imported Fennel Fruit), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) (each 1 qian).
Preparation: First grind Ruxiang and Moyao separately. Then mix with the powders of the other herbs. Take a small amount of garlic, grind finely, and combine with the herbal mixture to form pills the size of a Chinese quince seed. Take 2 pills per dose, washed down with Gouteng Tang (Uncaria Decoction).