余于国学喜读笔记。于医学喜读医话。以其或述心得。或话见闻。颇隽永有味也。回忆民七受业于吾杭名医王
师香岩。师命读医经原旨难经经释等书。颇苦其文义艰涩。不易彻悟。因以医话为常课。及长。任教席于沪杭各
医校。授课之暇。偶有所得。伸纸濡墨。所作亦以医话为多。兹遴选若干。附于赵先生医话之末。不知能免狗尾续
貂之诮否。
丙子季春古杭沈仲圭志于吴山寄庐
〔一〕杨君孝绪。患遗精脑弱。其脑症状为不能多阅艰深之科学书。及微受刺激下部即有似欲遗精之感觉。求
治于余。余以滋阴平脑固精之药进退为方。服二月。遗精虽减而未痊。余嘱其长服桂枝加龙牡汤先除脑弱之
根源。（遗精）病根既刈。再注意睡眠饮食空气运动等卫生疗法。自可渐复健康。此乙亥春月余在祥林医局
中医疗养室时为渠治疗之情形也。后杨君游嘉善。月余始返。适余脱离祥林医局。余与杨君。因诊病而成良友。
六桥徐步。湖心荡桨。几于无日不见。今相距较远。过从遂疏。一昨杨君来访。谓遗精服桂枝龙牡汤顿差。脑弱吞
兔脑丸亦效。所谓兔脑丸者。即上海博济书药局登报赠送之肾脑再造丸也。方为人参一钱。土炒于术钱半。云
茯神二钱。天麦冬各钱半。远志一钱。石菖蒲一钱。取汁。清炙甘草一钱。（按此即定志丸。治思虑伤神。遗精脑弱
之病。）淡苁蓉二钱。獭肝一具。净枣仁二钱。归身二钱。泡益智仁钱半。牡狗精一钱二。杭芍钱半。熟地五钱。兔脑
一具。上药研末。炼蜜为丸。血珀为衣。再被极薄青黛一层。每服六粒。日服三次。饭后开水下。去腊杨君合此丸时。
曾询余可否服用。余为之删去苁蓉牡狗精二味。及今思之。以雄鼠睾丸一二对代替牡狗精。易熟地为生地。并
将獭肝兔脑鼠肾三物。取鲜者捣烂。和药末加蜜为丸。似尤妥善。因獭肝含维他命甲。兔脑含磷。鼠肾含内分泌。
皆神经衰弱之要药。余如菖蒲远志枣仁。古人认为健忘不眠等症之专药。近世亦延用之。地芍归参术茯甘。即
八珍汤去川芎。八珍对此病。据金正愚君之经验。亦有效。故余认此方可为神经衰弱者服食之资。唯一日量只
十八粒。抑何少耶。
〔二〕常习性失眠。多属神经衰弱之结果。患者精神抑郁。思虑纷然。卧时常觉睡意毫无。而神情又非常疲乏。勉
强入睡。有彻夜不交睫者。（是曰前睡眠障碍）有只睡三四小时。一到习惯醒时。即不能复睡者。（是曰后睡
眠障碍）日间肉体困倦。心绪恶劣。脑昏耳鸣。目眩头重。思考迟钝。做事厌倦。勉强为之。乖舛百出。其精神上之
不快感觉。有非楮墨所能形容者。故不幸而成斯证。人生乐趣。尽付东流矣。此病治法。当分标本。治标如酸枣仁
汤琥珀多寐丸。或以酸枣仁一两。生地五钱。米一合。煮粥食。亦良。治本如黑归睥丸。天王补心丹及兔脑丸。总须
选择一方久服不辍。方有巨效。此症乃神经官能疾患。尤宜注重卫生。特撮述失眠之无药疗法如下。
１、妄想过甚时。宜起床徐步。或流览报章。待神经渐觉疲倦。再行安睡。
２、倘觉睡思为妄想所占据。宜勉力沉静理念。理其头绪。一念初发。即穷此念之起源而澄清之。再发他念。亦复
如是。此以念制念也。
３、静听壁上钟声而默计其次数。此集中思想也。
４、入寝前。或轻微运动。或少食流汁。或温水洗脚。此引去脑部之充血也。
５、枕宜稍高。并须轻软。
６、注意大便之调整。夜膳后勿饮汤水茶酒咖啡尤忌。夜膳亦戒太饱。
７、寝室须南向。幽静。勿点灯。但宜开窗以通空气。
８、在不易入睡时。可低声背诵爱读之诗歌。然陈玉梅之催眠曲。俚俗不足取也。
９、临卧用盐含口溶化。或饮盐汤一杯。有镇静神经之效。
余久患神经衰弱。并常失眠。故于此稍有心得。同病诸君。苟照上述药物卫生等法。遵行不懈。则失眠之苦痛。将
消灭于不知不觉间矣。
〔三〕中医治遗精。有清火渗湿滋阴止涩升提诸法。随症采用。自有良效。以吾经验。单纯的遗精病。初起用封髓
丹（黄柏。砂仁。甘草）久病投桂枝加龙牡汤（桂枝。白芍。甘草。生姜。大枣。龙骨。牡蛎）或金锁固精丸。（龙骨
牡蛎。芡实。莲肉。莲须。沙苑蒺藜）最为佳妙。章次公药物学讲义牡蛎条下。有余尝以龙牡为末。治遗滑疾。病已
而大便秘结之句。极言二物止涩效用之强大也。所谓单纯的遗精者。对因他病伴发之遗精而言也。（如慢性
淋浊。精囊炎。摄护腺肥大。膀胱炎。膀胱结石。膀胱肿疡。尿道狭窄。龟头炎。包茎。痔核。直肠炎。初期结核。伤
寒之恢复期。糖尿病。脊髓劳。脊髓外伤。脊髓炎等皆可伴发遗精。）此症或宜祛其致病之因。或本病与遗精兼顾。不得
概与上方。然临床所见。一般青年患此疾者。大都由手淫意淫房劳所造成。或用功太过。脑弱遗泄。选用上述三
方。殊觉允当。友生林君之遗精处方。用盐水炒知母二钱。盐水炒黄柏二钱。龙骨。牡蛎。莲须。各三钱。芡实四钱。
砂仁八分。（分冲）炙甘草五分。盖合封髓丹与金锁固精丸而为一方。与余意不谋而合也。友人慈航居士近制
一方。将六味地黄丸。水陆二仙丹。聚精丸。三方合并。复加牛脊髓百合。共成十二味。以治肾亏遗精。肺病梦泄。此
方滋养固涩。兼筹并顾。苟病患食欲如常。可以试服。
〔四〕常习性便秘。多见于营坐业少运动之智识阶级。埋头研究不喜体操之中大学生。亦恒患之。故有学生病
之称。此外如神经衰弱。肺病。胃病。萎黄病。摄护腺肥大等。每苦便秘。腹部压重膨满。胃纳不振。嗳气头晕。大都
系大肠部蠕动缺乏。分泌减少。或肠肌弛缓无力所致。欲根治此病。非注意卫生。辅以甘寒养阴剂不可。徒事攻下。
无益反损。兹就管见。条举如下。
１、生活宜有规则 ２、养成早起如厕之习惯 ３、每日宜啖新鲜之水果与野菜 ４、晨起饮盐汤一杯 ５、
排便时以手掌徐摩腹部 ６、行适宜之运动 ７、练习腹式呼吸法 此关于卫生方面者。若夫药饵。如增
液汤二冬膏桑椹膏养阴润肠。最称稳健。他如麻仁丸。或以大麻仁一味。捣碎煎服。或取大生何首乌。以人乳
拌蒸。均有缓下坚粪之作用。余昔尝患此。日常三四度如厕。努力挣扎。便终不下。颇苦之。后除遵行上述卫生
疗法外。并长吞服“卡斯卡拉片。”宿疾乃蠲。
〔五〕余鉴于中医之特长在治疗。治疗之优良在方剂。故于读书临床之际。遇有验方。随手摘录。日久成帙。颜曰
非非室验方选。除一部分发表于昔年王一仁主编之中医杂志外。其余尚待整理。兹将吐血单方。略录数条。以
告世之患此证者。
【劳症吐血】仙鹤草六钱。大枣十六枚。水六杯。同熬五六点钟之久。俟水已收成一杯服之。（此方肺结核咳血
最宜。）
【吐血衄血下血】白芨三钱。藕节二钱。研末。开水冲服。（此系浅田宗伯方。）
【卒暴吐血】海螵蛸研末。米饮下一钱。（此治胃出血之方也。）
【吐血初起】生牡蛎。生龙骨。各七钱。白芨三钱。参三七八分。（研末调服）鲜藕半斤。（捣汁冲入）酒炒大黄
钱半。鲜茆根六钱。温饮。（张腾蛟曰。吐血急则治标。以龙牡白芨三七为主。缓则治本。以鲜藕。大黄。茅根为要。更
随症加减。治无不效。圭按此方分量。余已略加损益。）
【吐血】龟肉炙炭。研末水下。功能止血。
【失血】赤芍。丹皮各钱半。藕节五个。鲜生地一两。茆根一两。十灰丸三钱。（分吞。）黄芩一钱。黑三栀三钱。（陆
九芝原注。血症多矣。初起必有所因。凡理气达郁。清热降火之法。俱不可废。）
【吐血】丹参饭锅蒸熟。泡汤代茶。日日饮之。（此方用于吐血愈后。以资调理甚佳。）
【虚火吐血】甘蔗汁。藕汁。芦根汁。各一酒杯。白果汁二匙。白萝卜汁半酒杯。梨汁一酒杯。鲜荷叶汁三匙。七
汁和
匀。炖热。冲入西瓜汁一酒杯。缓缓呷尽。
【阴虚咳嗽吐血】米仁玉竹各四钱。白芍枸杞麦冬沙参各三钱。川断二钱。建莲百合各三钱。（陆定圃原按。此
方治阴虚咳嗽吐血最良。然必收效于数十剂后。谓非王道无近功乎。圭按原方无分量。今为酌定如上。）
【肺病吐血】童雌鸡一只。治净。麦冬二钱。童便一盅。用河水瓦锅煮烂。于天未明时连鸡肉服下。连服二三鸡。
无
不见效。（栩园按是方曾刊昔年申报常识。有多人来函报告确效。圭按童鸡为未产卵之鸡。胃弱之人。但饮其
汁。肉不吃亦可。）
【吐血】鲜梨一个。去核连皮。鲜藕一斤。去节。荷叶一张。去蒂。鲜白茆根一两。去心。柿饼一个。去蒂。大红
枣十枚。去核。煎汤代茶。数日见效。以后逢节前一日煎服。（圭按藕取汁冲入。尤妥。）
【痰血】白茅根（去心）马兰头（连根）湘莲子（去心）红枣各四两。先煎茅根马兰。滤去渣。再入湘莲红
枣。入罐文火炖。随时取食。二旬即愈。（以上三方。载家庭常识。以其俱属食品。自然有益无损。诚虚症吐血之良
方也。）
〔六〕偶阅崇善报一一六期。有小儿病之几种鲜果疗法一文。兹撮述大旨于下。亦家庭间之药笼也。
【橘】促胃液和汗液之分泌。制胆汁之排泄。治感冒。黄胆。消化不良。圭按中医向以橘皮为开胃药。发表药。盖
皮与肉之功效。相仿佛也。
【苹果】含铁质。性收敛。能制腐。治贫血。营养不良。食滞。下痢。圭按水果皆含果酸。助消化。惟苹果尤擅胜
场。并堪
消除食滞之炎症。他如神经衰弱。赤痢。用之亦良。
【梨】含葡萄糖。为水果中之补品。圭按中医向用作祛痰药。相传可治肺萎。
【葡萄】含铁质。葡萄糖。甲乙二种维他命。治贫血。淋巴腺结核。圭按以葡萄制成之酒。曰葡萄酒。有红白两种。
尝
谓诸酒皆害。惟此有益。盖其酒中所含之醇。只百分之七八耳。
【香蕉】富淀粉。含粘液汁。治常习性便秘。圭按蕉根捣汁冷冻饮料。治疔毒。
【西瓜】含磷质颇多。治神经衰弱。又糖尿病亦可食。圭按中医向用以治热性病之高热汗出。美其名曰天生白
虎汤。
【桑椹】含酸质及细胞膜质。治由便闭而起之身热头痛。以其有清血和泻下之力也。圭按余尝谓桑椹治便秘
之虚症。桃花瓣（研末。每服五分。调粥中服。）治便秘之实症。堪称简效单方。
〔七〕碘质有改进人体新陈代谢。减少蓄积脂肪。以治肥胖病之效。考海藻含碘○·三三九。昆布含碘一·二
三四。海带含碘一·一六八。皆富于碘质之海产植物也。故以昆布。海藻。煎汤代茶。海带。海蜇。作肴佐膳乃减肥
之简便单方也。民廿二。余在上海中国医学院执教。有女生张嘉卉。貌端好而体丰盈。张恐减损绰约芳姿。询余
有无中药可以消肥。余搜索枯肠。一无所得。今阅中医新论汇编引本草“多食昆布。令人消瘦”之语。遂悟碘
之作用。用着于编。以告世之苦肥者。并望张生盍一试之。
〔八〕韦陀鞭鲜者二三两。白附子防风各三钱。治痛疯甚灵。此民间单方也。医生多不取用。惟适应症如何。传者
未详。愚意此方症物理强而又属于古人所谓痛痹者。确甚佳妙。传者又云。韦陀鞭即鬼。箭羽。药肆备售。因已曝
干。一两已足。如病在下肢。加牛膝三钱。
〔九〕因多进生冷瓜果而致胃呆泄泻。或感寒泄泻日久不差者。理中汤最妙。如兼呕吐。去术加半夏（生用）
姜汁。如兼腹痛。加木香。惟用此方。以脉沉无力为据。否则。夏秋常见之假性霍乱。治以温药。或将助其病势矣。民
廿一夏。余服务复旦实中。某生因过啖冷食。得河鱼疾。同事俞东君。为处理中汤。一服而起。盖俞君于伤寒今释
一书。反复探索。颇多心得也。
〔十〕燕窝系金丝燕所营之巢。以备产卵哺雏之用也。以其营巢之材料。纯由粘稠如阿拉伯树胶之唾液而成。
故久浸水中。则膨大而柔软。此物入药。年代未远。方书着其功用。谓能养胃液。滋肺津。止虚嗽虚痢。理膈上热痰。
时医治虚损劳瘵。咳吐红痰。每以此物加入药剂。或劝病家煮食。惟据西医言。燕窝治病之功效。实微乎其微。不
能与其高昂之代价相称。余意本品既系燕之唾液造成。似有裨于胃脏之消化。又以是项唾液。浓浓如胶。或可
减少支气管之分泌而为滋养化痰药。促进血液之凝固而为止血药。惟功效既弱。自非长食不可矣。是物本草
虽有载及。但记述简略。近人曹炳章等。皆有详细之论文。发表于早年医刊。论之甚详。
〔十一〕鲍氏验方新编颇多妙方。兹摘录一二如下。
【代参膏】此膏大补气血。可代参用。嫩黄 （壮嫩而箭样者切片用）白归身（截去头尾酒洗净泥各五钱）肥玉竹
（一两）化州橘红（三钱如无真者用新会陈皮去净白亦可）共入砂锅内。用天泉水熬成膏。每早滚水调服。
（圭按）此方妙在橘红。健运脾胃。使滋补之品。无滞腻之弊。较当归补血汤仅用归 二味者尤为妥善。惟
【背景信息】
书名：存存斋医话稿 作者：赵晴 朝代：清 章节：吴山散记小引 / 吴山散记(1/2)(1/2) 类别：医论
我平时喜欢阅读国学中的笔记类书籍，在医学方面则喜欢阅读医话。因为医话中有的叙述个人心得，有的谈论见闻，颇为隽永有味。回忆民国七年（1918年），我在杭州拜名医王香岩为师。老师让我研读《医经原旨》、《难经经释》等经典著作，我深感这些书文义艰涩，难以透彻领悟。于是我将阅读医话作为日常功课。长大后，我在上海和杭州的各中医学校任教，在授课之余，偶尔有所心得，便铺开纸张研墨书写，所作内容也以医话居多。现在从中遴选若干篇，附在赵先生医话之后，不知能否避免“狗尾续貂”的讥笑呢？
丙子年（1936年）春季末，古杭沈仲圭写于吴山寄庐
〔一〕杨孝绪君，患有遗精和脑弱（神经衰弱）。其脑部症状表现为不能多读深奥的科学书籍，且稍微受到刺激，下部即产生类似想要遗精的感觉。求治于我。我以滋阴平脑固精的药物进退加减为方，服用两个月后，遗精虽减少但未痊愈。我嘱咐他长期服用桂枝加龙牡汤（Cinnamon Twig and Dragon Bone & Oyster Shell Decoction），先去除脑弱的根源。（遗精）的病根既然铲除，再注意睡眠、饮食、空气、运动等卫生疗法，自然可以逐渐恢复健康。这是乙亥年（1935年）春月我在祥林医局中医疗养室为他治疗的情形。后来杨君去嘉善游玩，一个多月才回来，恰逢我离开祥林医局。我与杨君因诊治疾病而成为良友，在六桥漫步，在湖心划船，几乎每天相见。如今相距较远，往来遂疏。前一天杨君来访，说遗精服用桂枝加龙牡汤立刻好转，脑弱服用兔脑丸也有效。所谓兔脑丸，就是上海博济书药局登报赠送的肾脑再造丸。其方为人参一钱，土炒白术钱半，云茯神二钱，天冬麦冬各钱半，远志一钱，石菖蒲一钱，取汁，清炙甘草一钱。（按：此即定志丸，用于治疗思虑伤神、遗精脑弱的病症。）肉苁蓉二钱，獭肝一具，净酸枣仁二钱，当归身二钱，泡益智仁钱半，牡狗精一钱二分，杭白芍钱半，熟地黄五钱，兔脑一具。以上药物研成细末，炼蜜为丸，以血珀为衣，再裹上极薄的一层青黛。每服六粒，每日三次，饭后开水送服。去年腊月杨君配制此丸时，曾询问我是否可以服用，我为他删去了肉苁蓉和牡狗精两味药。现在回想起来，用雄鼠睾丸一二对代替牡狗精，将熟地黄改为生地黄，并将獭肝、兔脑、鼠肾三物，取新鲜的捣烂，与药末加蜜制成丸剂，似乎更加妥善。因为獭肝含有维生素A，兔脑含有磷，鼠肾含有内分泌物质，都是治疗神经衰弱的重要药物。至于菖蒲、远志、枣仁，古人认为是治疗健忘不眠等症的特异药，近世也沿用它们。地黄、白芍、当归、人参、白术、茯苓、甘草，即是八珍汤去掉川芎。八珍汤对此病，据金正愚君的经验，也是有效的。所以我认定此方可以作为神经衰弱者的食疗方。只是一天的剂量只有十八粒，这也太少了。
〔二〕习惯性失眠，多属于神经衰弱的结果。患者精神抑郁，思虑纷乱，睡觉时常觉得毫无睡意，而神情又非常疲乏。勉强入睡，有彻夜不闭眼的；（这叫前睡眠障碍）有只睡三四小时，一到习惯醒来的时候，就不能再睡的；（这叫后睡眠障碍）白天肉体困倦，心情恶劣，头脑昏沉耳鸣，目眩头重，思考迟钝，做事厌倦，勉强去做，差错百出。其精神上的不快感觉，不是笔墨所能形容的。所以不幸患上此证，人生的乐趣都付诸东流了。此病的治疗，应当分标本。治标如酸枣仁汤、琥珀多寐丸，或者用酸枣仁一两，生地黄五钱，米一合，煮粥食用，也很好。治本如黑归脾丸、天王补心丹及兔脑丸，总须选择一方长期服用不间断，才会有显著疗效。此症乃神经官能疾患，尤其宜注重卫生。特撮述失眠的非药物疗法如下：
１、妄想过多时，宜起床慢慢散步，或浏览报纸，待神经渐渐感到疲倦，再行安睡。
２、如果觉得睡意被妄想占据，宜努力沉静思想，理清头绪。一个念头刚起，就穷究这个念头的起源并澄清它，再生起其他念头，也是如此。这是以念制念。
３、静听墙上的钟声并默计次数。这是集中思想。
４、入睡前，或轻微运动，或少食流质食物，或用温水洗脚。这是引去脑部充血。
５、枕头宜稍高，并且必须轻软。
６、注意大便的调整，晚饭后不要喝汤水茶酒咖啡，尤其忌讳。晚饭也不要吃得太饱。
７、寝室须朝南，幽静，不要点灯，但宜开窗以流通空气。
８、在不易入睡时，可低声背诵喜爱的诗歌，然而陈玉梅的催眠曲，俚俗不值得取用。
９、临卧时用盐含在口中溶化，或喝一杯盐水，有镇静神经的功效。
我久患神经衰弱，并常失眠，所以对此稍有心得。同病的各位朋友，如果按照上述药物、卫生等方法，遵行不懈，那么失眠的痛苦，将在不知不觉中消除。
〔三〕中医治疗遗精，有清火、渗湿、滋阴、止涩、升提诸法，随症采用，自有良效。以我的经验，单纯的遗精病，初起用封髓丹（黄柏、砂仁、甘草），久病投桂枝加龙牡汤（桂枝、白芍、甘草、生姜、大枣、龙骨、牡蛎）或金锁固精丸（龙骨、牡蛎、芡实、莲肉、莲须、沙苑蒺藜）最为佳妙。章次公《药物学讲义》牡蛎条下，有我曾用龙骨、牡蛎为末，治疗遗精滑泄很快见效，病好后大便秘结的句子，极力言说这两味药止涩效用之强大。所谓单纯的遗精者，是相对于因他病伴发之遗精而言的。（如慢性淋浊、精囊炎、摄护腺肥大、膀胱炎、膀胱结石、膀胱肿疡、尿道狭窄、龟头炎、包茎、痔核、直肠炎、初期结核、伤寒之恢复期、糖尿病、脊髓劳、脊髓外伤、脊髓炎等皆可伴发遗精。）此症或许适宜祛除致病的原因，或者本病与遗精兼顾，不得一概使用上方。然而临床所见，一般青年患此疾者，大都由手淫、意淫、房劳所造成，或用功太过，脑弱遗泄，选用上述三方，殊觉恰当。友生林君的遗精处方，用盐水炒知母二钱，盐水炒黄柏二钱，龙骨、牡蛎、莲须各三钱，芡实四钱，砂仁八分（分冲），炙甘草五分。这大概是合并封髓丹与金锁固精丸为一方的意思，与我的心意不谋而合。友人慈航居士最近配制一方，将六味地黄丸、水陆二仙丹、聚精丸三方合并，再加牛脊髓、百合，共成十二味，以治疗肾亏遗精、肺病梦泄。此方滋养固涩，兼筹并顾，如果病患食欲正常，可以尝试服用。
〔四〕习惯性便秘，多见于久坐少动、缺乏运动的知识分子阶层，埋头研究不喜欢体操的中学生，也常常患病。所以有“学生病”之称。此外如神经衰弱、肺病、胃病、萎黄病、摄护腺肥大等，也常常苦于便秘。腹部压重膨满，胃纳不振，嗳气头晕，大都系大肠蠕动缺乏、分泌减少，或肠肌弛缓无力所致。欲根治此病，非注意卫生，辅以甘寒养阴剂不可。徒事攻下，无益反损。兹就管见，条举如下：
１、生活宜有规则 ２、养成早起如厕的习惯 ３、每日宜吃新鲜的水果与野菜 ４、晨起饮一杯盐水 ５、排便时以手掌慢慢按摩腹部 ６、进行适宜的运动 ７、练习腹式呼吸法。这是关于卫生方面的。至于药物，如增液汤、二冬膏、桑椹膏、养阴润肠，最称稳健。其他如麻仁丸，或者只用大麻仁一味，捣碎煎服，或者取大生何首乌，用人乳拌蒸，均有缓下坚粪的作用。我过去曾患此病，每天三四次上厕所，努力挣扎，大便终不下，很苦恼。后来除了遵行上述卫生疗法外，并长期吞服“卡斯卡拉片”，宿疾乃除。
〔五〕我鉴于中医的特长在治疗，治疗的优良在方剂，所以在读书临床之际，遇到有验证的方子，随手摘录，日久成册，命名为《非非室验方选》。除一部分发表于昔年王一仁主编的《中医杂志》外，其余尚待整理。兹将吐血单方，略录数条，以告世上患此证的人。
【劳症吐血】仙鹤草六钱，大枣十六枚，水六杯，同熬五六个小时之久，等到水已收成一杯，服之。（此方肺结核咳血最宜。）
【吐血衄血下血】白芨三钱，藕节二钱，研末，开水冲服。（此系浅田宗伯方。）
【卒暴吐血】海螵蛸研末，米饮下一钱。（此治胃出血之方也。）
【吐血初起】生牡蛎、生龙骨各七钱，白芨三钱，三七八分。（研末调服）鲜藕半斤。（捣汁冲入）酒炒大黄钱半，鲜茅根六钱，温饮。（张腾蛟曰：吐血急则治标，以龙牡白芨三七为主；缓则治本，以鲜藕、大黄、茅根为要。更随症加减，治无不效。圭按：此方分量，我已略加损益。）
【吐血】龟肉炙炭，研末水下。功能止血。
【失血】赤芍、丹皮各钱半，藕节五个，鲜生地黄一两，茅根一两，十灰丸三钱。（分吞。）黄芩一钱，黑三栀三钱。（陆九芝原注：血症多矣，初起必有所因，凡理气达郁、清热降火之法，俱不可废。）
【吐血】丹参饭锅蒸熟，泡汤代茶，日日饮之。（此方用于吐血愈后，以资调理甚佳。）
【虚火吐血】甘蔗汁、藕汁、芦根汁各一酒杯，白果汁二匙，白萝卜汁半酒杯，梨汁一酒杯，鲜荷叶汁三匙，七汁和匀，炖热，冲入西瓜汁一酒杯，缓缓呷尽。
【阴虚咳嗽吐血】米仁、玉竹各四钱，白芍、枸杞、麦冬、沙参各三钱，川断二钱，建莲、百合各三钱。（陆定圃原按：此方治阴虚咳嗽吐血最良，然必收效于数十剂后，谓非王道无近功乎。圭按：原方无分量，今为酌定如上。）
【肺病吐血】童雌鸡一只，治净，麦冬二钱，童便一盅，用河水瓦锅煮烂，于天未明时连鸡肉服下，连服二三鸡，无不见效。（栩园按：是方曾刊昔年《申报常识》，有多人来函报告确效。圭按：童鸡为未产卵之鸡，胃弱之人，但饮其汁，肉不吃亦可。）
【吐血】鲜梨一个，去核连皮，鲜藕一斤，去节，荷叶一张，去蒂，鲜白茅根一两，去心，柿饼一个，去蒂，大红枣十枚，去核，煎汤代茶，数日见效，以后逢节前一日煎服。（圭按：藕取汁冲入，尤妥。）
【痰血】白茅根（去心）、马兰头（连根）、湘莲子（去心）、红枣各四两。先煎茅根马兰，滤去渣，再入湘莲红枣，入罐文火炖，随时取食，二旬即愈。（以上三方，载《家庭常识》，以其俱属食品，自然有益无损，诚虚症吐血之良方也。）
〔六〕偶然阅读《崇善报》一一六期，有《小儿病之几种鲜果疗法》一文，兹撮述大意如下，也是家庭间的药笼。
【橘】促胃液和汗液之分泌，制胆汁之排泄，治感冒、黄疸、消化不良。圭按：中医向来以橘皮为开胃药、发表药，盖皮与肉的功效，相仿佛也。
【苹果】含铁质，性收敛，能制腐，治贫血、营养不良、食滞、下痢。圭按：水果皆含果酸，助消化，惟苹果尤擅胜场，并堪消除食滞之炎症。他如神经衰弱、赤痢，用之亦良。
【梨】含葡萄糖，为水果中之补品。圭按：中医向来用作祛痰药，相传可治肺萎。
【葡萄】含铁质、葡萄糖、甲乙二种维他命，治贫血、淋巴腺结核。圭按：以葡萄制成之酒，曰葡萄酒，有红白两种，尝谓诸酒皆害，惟此有益，盖其酒中所含之醇，只百分之七八耳。
【香蕉】富淀粉，含粘液汁，治习惯性便秘。圭按：蕉根捣汁冷冻饮料，治疔毒。
【西瓜】含磷质颇多，治神经衰弱，又糖尿病亦可食。圭按：中医向来用以治热性病之高热汗出，美其名曰天生白虎汤。
【桑椹】含酸质及细胞膜质，治由便闭而起之身热头痛，以其有清血和泻下之力也。圭按：余尝谓桑椹治便秘之虚症，桃花瓣（研末，每服五分，调粥中服）治便秘之实症，堪称简效单方。
〔七〕碘质有改进人体新陈代谢、减少蓄积脂肪，以治肥胖病之效。考海藻含碘0.339，昆布含碘1.234，海带含碘1.168，皆富于碘质之海产植物也。故以昆布、海藻煎汤代茶，海带、海蜇作肴佐膳，乃减肥之简便单方也。民国二十二年，我在上海中国医学院执教，有女生张嘉卉，貌端好而体丰盈，张恐减损绰约芳姿，询余有无中药可以消肥。我搜索枯肠，一无所得。今阅《中医新论汇编》引本草“多食昆布，令人消瘦”之语，遂悟碘之作用，用着于编，以告世上之苦肥者，并望张生盍一试之。
〔八〕韦陀鞭鲜者二三两，白附子、防风各三钱，治痛风甚灵。此民间单方也。医生多不取用，惟适应症如何，传者未详。愚意此方症物理强而又属于古人所谓痛痹者，确甚佳妙。传者又云，韦陀鞭即鬼箭羽，药肆备售，因已曝干，一两已足。如病在下肢，加牛膝三钱。
〔九〕因多进生冷瓜果而致胃呆泄泻，或感寒泄泻日久不差者，理中汤最妙。如兼呕吐，去术加半夏（生用）、姜汁。如兼腹痛，加木香。惟用此方，以脉沉无力为据，否则，夏秋常见之假性霍乱，治以温药，或将助其病势矣。民国二十一年夏，我服务复旦实中，某生因过啖冷食，得河鱼疾（食物中毒），同事俞东君，为处理中汤，一服而起。盖俞君于《伤寒今释》一书，反复探索，颇多心得也。
〔十〕燕窝系金丝燕所营之巢，以备产卵哺雏之用也。以其营巢之材料，纯由粘稠如阿拉伯树胶之唾液而成，故久浸水中，则膨大而柔软。此物入药，年代未远，方书著其功用，谓能养胃液、滋肺津、止虚嗽虚痢、理膈上热痰。时医治虚损劳瘵、咳吐红痰，每以此物加入药剂，或劝病家煮食。惟据西医言，燕窝治病之功效，实微乎其微，不能与其高昂之代价相称。余意本品既系燕之唾液造成，似有裨于胃脏之消化，又以是项唾液，浓浓如胶，或可减少支气管之分泌而为滋养化痰药，促进血液之凝固而为止血药。惟功效既弱，自非长食不可矣。是物本草虽有载及，但记述简略，近人曹炳章等，皆有详细之论文，发表于早年医刊，论之甚详。
〔十一〕鲍氏验方新编颇多妙方，兹摘录一二如下。
【代参膏】此膏大补气血，可代参用。嫩黄芪（壮嫩而箭样者切片用）、白归身（截去头尾酒洗净泥各五钱）、肥玉竹（一两）、化州橘红（三钱如无真者用新会陈皮去净白亦可）。共入砂锅内，用天泉水熬成膏。每早滚水调服。（圭按）此方妙在橘红，健运脾胃，使滋补之品，无滞腻之弊，较当归补血汤仅用归、芪二味者尤为妥善。惟
[Background Information]
Book Title: Cun Cun Zhai Yi Hua Gao (Manuscripts of Medical Conversations from the Studio of Preserving Existence)
Author: Zhao Qing
Dynasty: Qing
Chapter: Preface to Wu Shan San Ji / Wu Shan San Ji (Part 1/2)
Category: Medical Discussion
I have a fondness for reading notes in national studies, and in medicine, I prefer reading medical conversations (Yi Hua). This is because they either recount personal insights or discuss experiences, possessing a lasting charm. Recalling the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918), I studied under Master Wang Xiangyan, a famous physician in Hangzhou. The master instructed me to read classic texts such as *Yi Jing Yuan Zhi* (Original Principles of Medical Classics) and *Nan Jing Jing Shi* (Commentary on the Classic of Difficult Issues). I found their language and meaning obscure and difficult to fully comprehend. Therefore, I made reading medical conversations my daily routine. As I grew older, I taught at various traditional Chinese medicine schools in Shanghai and Hangzhou. In my spare time from teaching, whenever I had occasional insights, I would spread out paper and grind ink to write, with most of my writings being medical conversations. Now, I have selected several pieces to append after Mr. Zhao's medical conversations, wondering if I can avoid the ridicule of "adding a dog's tail to a sable coat" (making an inferior addition to a fine work).
Written by Shen Zhonggui of Gu Hang in the late spring of the Bing Zi year (1936) at the Wushan Jilu residence.
[1] Mr. Yang Xiaoxu suffered from spermatorrhea and brain weakness (neurasthenia). His cerebral symptoms manifested as an inability to read profound scientific books for long periods, and upon slight stimulation, he would experience sensations in the lower body resembling the urge to ejaculate. He sought treatment from me. I prescribed formulas based on herbs that nourish yin, calm the brain, and secure essence, adjusting them according to his condition. After two months of服用 (taking medicine), although spermatorrhea decreased, it was not cured. I advised him to take Guizhi Jia Longgu Muli Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Dragon Bone and Oyster Shell) for a long time first, to remove the root cause of his brain weakness. Once the root of (spermatorrhea) is cut off, paying attention to hygienic therapies such as sleep, diet, air, and exercise will naturally allow him to gradually recover his health. This describes the situation of my treatment for him in the Traditional Chinese Medicine convalescent room at Xianglin Medical Bureau in the spring of Yihai year (1935). Later, Mr. Yang traveled to Jiashan and returned after more than a month. Coincidentally, I had left Xianglin Medical Bureau. Mr. Yang and I became good friends through our consultations. We strolled along the Six Bridges and rowed boats in the lake center, seeing each other almost every day. Now that we are far apart, our visits have become sparse. Yesterday, Mr. Yang visited me and said that his spermatorrhea improved immediately after taking Guizhi Longgu Muli Tang, and his brain weakness responded well to Rabbit Brain Pills. The so-called Rabbit Brain Pills refer to the Kidney and Brain Rejuvenation Pills given away via newspaper advertisements by the Shanghai Boji Book and Medicine Bureau. The formula consists of Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) 1 qian, Tu Chao Bai Zhu (Earth-fried Atractylodes Rhizome) 1.5 qian, Yun Fu Shen (Tuckahoe with Cloud-like Texture) 2 qian, Tian Dong (Asparagus Tuber) and Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) 1.5 qian each, Yuan Zhi (Polygala Root) 1 qian, Shi Chang Pu (Acorus Rhizome) 1 qian, taken as a decoction; Qing Zhi Gan Cao (Clear-fried Licorice Root) 1 qian. (Note: This is Dingzhi Wan (Stabilize Mind Pill), used to treat conditions where excessive thinking injures the spirit, causing spermatorrhea and brain weakness.) Rou Cong Rong (Cistanche Stem) 2 qian, Da Gan (Otter Liver) 1 piece, Jing Suan Zao Ren (Cleaned Sour Jujube Seed) 2 qian, Gui Shen (Angelica Sinensis Root Body) 2 qian, Pao Yi Zhi Ren (Soaked Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit) 1.5 qian, Mu Gou Jing (Male Dog Essence) 1.2 qian, Hang Shao (White Peony Root) 1.5 qian, Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmannia Root) 5 qian, Tu Nao (Rabbit Brain) 1 piece. The above medicines are ground into powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills, coated with Xue Po (Blood Amber), and then wrapped in an extremely thin layer of Qing Dai (Indigo Naturalis). Take six pills per dose, three times a day, washed down with boiled water after meals. Last December, when Mr. Yang prepared these pills, he asked me if they were suitable for consumption. I removed Rou Cong Rong and Mu Gou Jing from the formula for him. Reflecting now, replacing Mu Gou Jing with one or two pairs of male rat testes, changing Shu Di Huang to Sheng Di Huang (Raw Rehmannia Root), and using fresh Da Gan, Tu Nao, and Shu Shen (Rat Kidney), pounding them into a paste and mixing with the medicine powder and honey to form pills, seems even more appropriate. This is because Da Gan contains Vitamin A, Tu Nao contains phosphorus, and Shu Shen contains endocrine substances, all of which are important medicines for treating neurasthenia. As for Shi Chang Pu, Yuan Zhi, and Suan Zao Ren, ancients considered them specific medicines for amnesia and insomnia, and modern times also continue to use them. Di Huang, Shao Yao, Dang Gui, Ren Shen, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, and Gan Cao constitute Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasure Decoction) minus Chuan Xiong. According to the experience of Mr. Zheng Jinyu, Bazhen Tang is also effective for this disease. Therefore, I believe this formula can be used as a dietary supplement for those with neurasthenia. However, the daily dosage is only eighteen pills, which is too little.
[2] Chronic insomnia often belongs to the results of neurasthenia. Patients suffer from mental depression and chaotic thoughts. When lying down, they often feel completely devoid of sleepiness, yet their demeanor is extremely fatigued. Forcing themselves to sleep, some do not close their eyes all night; (this is called pre-sleep disorder). Some sleep only three or four hours, and once they wake up at their habitual time, they cannot fall back asleep; (this is called post-sleep disorder). During the day, the body feels weary, mood is bad, head is dizzy with tinnitus, eyes are blurred, head feels heavy, thinking is slow, and tasks evoke aversion. Forcing oneself to work leads to numerous errors. The unpleasant feelings on a spiritual level are indescribable by ink and paper. Thus, unfortunately becoming afflicted with this syndrome, the joys of life flow eastward (are lost). The treatment for this disease should distinguish between root and branch. Treating the branch includes Suan Zao Ren Tang (Sour Jujube Decoction), Hu Po Duo Mei Wan (Amber Multiple Sleep Pill), or using one liang of Suan Zao Ren, five qian of Sheng Di Huang, and one he of rice, cooked into porridge, which is also good. Treating the root includes Hei Gui Pi Wan (Black Angelica and Atractylodes Magnifica Pill), Tian Wang Bu Xin Dan (Emperor of Heaven Heart-Nourishing Pill), and Tu Nao Wan (Rabbit Brain Pill). One must choose one formula and take it continuously for a long time to achieve significant effects. This syndrome is a neurosis, and special attention should be paid to hygiene. I specifically summarize non-pharmacological therapies for insomnia as follows:
1. When excessive delusions occur, get up and walk slowly, or browse newspapers. Wait until the nerves feel slightly tired, then go to sleep peacefully.
2. If sleepiness is occupied by delusions, strive to calm the mind and organize thoughts. As soon as a thought arises, investigate its origin and clarify it. Apply the same method to subsequent thoughts. This is using thought to control thought.
3. Quietly listen to the church bell on the wall and count the times silently. This concentrates the mind.
4. Before entering bed, engage in slight exercise, eat less liquid food, or wash feet with warm water. This draws congestion away from the brain.
5. The pillow should be slightly high and must be light and soft.
6. Pay attention to regulating bowel movements. Do not drink soup, water, tea, alcohol, or coffee after dinner, especially avoiding them. Dinner should not be too full.
7. The bedroom should face south, be quiet, and lights should not be lit. However, windows should be opened to circulate air.
8. When unable to fall asleep easily, recite favorite poems in a low voice. However, Chen Yumei's lullabies are vulgar and not worth adopting.
9. Before sleeping, dissolve salt in the mouth or drink a cup of salt water, which has a sedative effect on the nerves.
I have long suffered from neurasthenia and frequent insomnia, so I have some insights into this. Fellow sufferers, if you follow the aforementioned medicinal and hygienic methods without ceasing, the pain of insomnia will be eliminated不知不觉 (unconsciously).
[3] Traditional Chinese Medicine treats spermatorrhea with methods such as clearing fire, leaching dampness, nourishing yin, astringing, and lifting, adopted according to symptoms, yielding good results. Based on my experience, for simple cases of spermatorrhea, using Feng Sui Dan (Huang Bo, Sha Ren, Gan Cao) in the early stage, and Gui Zhi Jia Long Gu Mu Li Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Dragon Bone and Oyster Shell) or Jin Suo Gu Jing Wan (Golden Lock Essence-Securing Pill) for chronic cases, is optimal. Under the entry for Mu Li (Oyster Shell) in Zhang Cigong's *Lecture Notes on Materia Medica*, there is a sentence stating that I once used Long Gu (Dragon Bone) and Mu Li as powder to treat rapid spermatorrhea and seminal emission, which resolved quickly but caused severe constipation afterward. This greatly emphasizes the powerful astringent effect of these two substances. The term "simple spermatorrhea" refers to cases not accompanied by other diseases. (Such as chronic gonorrhea, cystitis, prostate hypertrophy, bladder inflammation, bladder stones, bladder tumors, urethral stricture, balanitis, phimosis, hemorrhoids, proctitis, early-stage tuberculosis, recovery period of typhoid fever, diabetes mellitus, spinal labor, spinal trauma, myelitis, etc., can all be accompanied by spermatorrhea.) For such cases, it may be appropriate to remove the pathogenic cause or address both the primary disease and spermatorrhea simultaneously; one cannot generally apply the aforementioned formulas. However, clinical observations show that young men suffering from this disease mostly cause it through masturbation, erotic fantasies, or sexual excess, or due to overwork leading to brain weakness and leakage. Selecting the above three formulas seems quite appropriate. The prescription for spermatorrhea provided by my student, Mr. Lin, uses Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) fried in salt water 2 qian, Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark) fried in salt water 2 qian, Long Gu (Dragon Bone), Mu Li (Oyster Shell), Lian Xu (Lotus Stamen) each 3 qian, Qian Shi (Euryale Seed) 4 qian, Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit) 8 fen (taken separately), and Zhi Gan Cao (Fried Licorice Root) 5 fen. This essentially combines Feng Sui Dan and Jin Suo Gu Jing Wan into one formula, coinciding with my intention. My friend, Layman Ci Hang, recently formulated a prescription combining Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia), Shui Lu Er Xian Dan (Water-Land Two Immortals Pill), and Ju Jing Wan (Accumulate Essence Pill), adding Niu Ji Sui (Bovine Spinal Cord) and Bai He (Lily Bulb), totaling twelve ingredients, to treat kidney deficiency spermatorrhea and lung disease nocturnal emission. This formula nourishes and astringes, considering both aspects. If the patient's appetite is normal, they can try taking it.
[4] Chronic constipation is common among intellectuals who sit for long periods and lack exercise, and middle school students who bury their heads in study and dislike gymnastics. Hence it is called "student disease." Additionally, those with neurasthenia, lung disease, stomach disease, chlorosis, and prostate hypertrophy often suffer from constipation. Symptoms include abdominal pressure, bloating, poor appetite, belching, dizziness, and heaviness in the head. These are mostly caused by a lack of peristalsis in the large intestine, reduced secretion, or flaccid and weak intestinal muscles. To radically cure this disease, one must pay attention to hygiene and assist with sweet-cold yin-nourishing agents. Merely employing purgatives is unhelpful and damaging. Based on my limited view, I list the following:
1. Life should be regular.
2. Develop the habit of going to the toilet early in the morning.
3. Eat fresh fruits and wild vegetables daily.
4. Drink a cup of salt water in the morning.
5. Slowly massage the abdomen with palms during defecation.
6. Engage in appropriate exercise.
7. Practice abdominal breathing.
These relate to hygiene. Regarding medication, Zeng Ye Tang (Increase Fluids Decoction), Er Dong Gao (Two Winter Pastes), Sang Shen Gao (Mulberry Fruit Paste), and Yang Yin Run Chang (Nourish Yin and Moisten Intestines) are the most steady. Others like Ma Ren Wan (Hemp Seed Pill), or simply crushing and decocting Da Ma Ren (Hemp Seed), or taking Da Sheng He Shou Wu (Polygonum Multiflorum Root steamed with human milk), all have the effect of gently softening hard stool. I once suffered from this, going to the toilet three or four times a day, struggling hard, but the stool would not come out, causing great distress. Later, besides following the aforementioned hygienic therapies, I also took "Cascara Tablets" for a long time, and the chronic illness was eliminated.
[5] Recognizing that the specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine lies in treatment, and the excellence of treatment lies in prescriptions, I have casually recorded verified formulas encountered while studying and practicing clinically, eventually compiling them into a volume titled *Fei Fei Shi Yan Fang Xuan* (Selected Verified Formulas from the Fei Fei Studio). Except for part published in the *Chinese Medicine Journal* edited by Wang Yiren in previous years, the rest awaits organization. Here, I briefly record a few single prescriptions for hematemesis to inform those suffering from this condition in the world.
【Consumption Disease Hematemesis】Xian He Cao (Agrimony Herb) 6 qian, Da Zao (Jujube) 16 pieces. Add six cups of water, boil together for five to six hours until reduced to one cup, then take. (This formula is most suitable for pulmonary tuberculosis coughing blood.)
【Hematemesis, Epistaxis, Lower Bleeding】Bai Ji (Bletilla Rhizome) 3 qian, Ou Jie (Lotus Rhizome Node) 2 qian. Grind into powder, take with boiling water. (This is a formula by Asada Soetsu.)
【Sudden Hematemesis】Hai Piao Xiao (Cuttlefish Bone) ground into powder, take one qian with rice drink. (This is a formula for treating gastric bleeding.)
【Early Stage Hematemesis】Sheng Mu Li (Raw Oyster Shell) and Sheng Long Gu (Raw Dragon Bone) each 7 qian, Bai Ji (Bletilla Rhizome) 3 qian, San Qi (Notoginseng Root) 8 fen. (Grind into powder and mix with water.) Fresh Ou (Lotus Rhizome) half jin (500g). (Crush and extract juice, add to mixture.) Jiu Chao Da Huang (Wine-fried Rheum Palmatum Rhizome) 1.5 qian, Xian Mao Gen (Imperata Rhizome) 6 qian. Take warm. (Zhang Tengjiao said: In acute hematemesis, treat the branch first, focusing on Long Gu, Mu Li, Bai Ji, and San Qi; in chronic stages, treat the root, focusing on fresh Ou, Da Huang, and Mao Gen. Adjust according to symptoms, and treatment will be effective. Note by Gui: I have slightly adjusted the dosages of this formula.)
【Hematemesis】Gui Rou (Tortoise Meat) charred, ground into powder, taken with water. Function: stops bleeding.
【Blood Loss】Chi Shao (Red Peony Root) and Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) each 1.5 qian, Ou Jie (Lotus Rhizome Node) 5 pieces, Xian Sheng Di Huang (Fresh Raw Rehmannia Root) 1 liang, Mao Gen (Imperata Rhizome) 1 liang, Shi Hui Wan (Ten Ashes Pill) 3 qian. (Take separately.) Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) 1 qian, Hei San Zhi (Charred Gardenia Fruit) 3 qian. (Original note by Lu Jiuzhi: There are many types of blood disorders. At the beginning, there must be a cause. Methods of regulating qi, resolving stagnation, clearing heat, and descending fire should not be discarded.)
【Hematemesis】Dan Shen (Salvia Root) steamed in a rice cooker until cooked, soaked in water to make tea, drink daily. (This formula is excellent for conditioning after recovery from hematemesis.)
【Deficiency Fire Hematemesis】Gan Zhe Zhi (Sugarcane Juice), Ou Zhi (Lotus Rhizome Juice), Lu Gen Zhi (Imperata Rhizome Juice) each one wine glass, Bai Guo Zhi (Ginkgo Nut Juice) two spoons, Bai Luo Bo Zhi (White Radish Juice) half wine glass, Li Zhi (Pear Juice) one wine glass, Xian He Ye Zhi (Fresh Lotus Leaf Juice) three spoons. Mix seven juices evenly, stew hot, pour in Xi Gua Zhi (Watermelon Juice) one wine glass, sip slowly until finished.
【Yin Deficiency Cough with Hematemesis】Mi Yi (Coix Seed) and Yu Zhu (Polygonatum Odoratum Rhizome) each 4 qian, Bai Shao (White Peony Root), Gou Qi (Goji Berry), Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Sha Shen (Glehnia Root) each 3 qian, Chuan Duan (Dipsacus Root) 2 qian, Jian Lian (Chinese Lotus Seed) and Bai He (Lily Bulb) each 3 qian. (Original note by Lu Dingpu: This formula is best for treating yin deficiency cough with hematemesis, but efficacy is usually seen after dozens of doses. Is this not saying that kingly ways yield no quick results? Note by Gui: The original formula lacked dosages; I have determined them as above.)
【Lung Disease Hematemesis】One young female chicken, cleaned. Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) 2 qian, Tong Bian (Child's Urine) one cup. Cook thoroughly in a clay pot with river water. Take the meat and broth before dawn. Continue taking for two or three chickens; no case has failed to respond. (Xu Yuan noted: This formula was published in the *Shen Bao Common Knowledge* section in previous years, and many letters reported definite efficacy. Note by Gui: Young chicken refers to a hen that has not yet laid eggs. For those with weak stomachs, drinking the juice alone without eating the meat is acceptable.)
【Hematemesis】One fresh pear, pitted with skin on. One jin (500g) fresh lotus rhizome, nodes removed. One lotus leaf, stem removed. One liang (50g) fresh white imperata rhizome, heart removed. One persimmon cake, stem removed. Ten large red jujubes, pitted. Decoct in water to replace tea. Effective after a few days. Afterwards, decoct and take on the day before each festival. (Note by Gui: Extracting lotus rhizome juice and adding it is even better.)
【Phlegm-Blood】Bai Mao Gen (Imperata Rhizome, heart removed), Ma Lan Tou (Swertia Chinensis, with roots), Xiang Lian Zi (Chinese Lotus Seeds, heart removed), Hong Zao (Red Dates) each four liang (200g). First decoct Mao Gen and Ma Lan, filter out residue. Then add Xiang Lian and Hong Zao, stew in a jar over low heat, consume as desired. Cure within twenty days. (The above three formulas are recorded in *Family Common Knowledge*. Since they belong to food items, they are naturally beneficial and harmless, truly good formulas for deficiency-type hematemesis.)
[6] I occasionally read an article titled "Several Fresh Fruit Therapies for Children's Diseases" in Issue 116 of *Chongshan Bao*. I summarize the main points below, which also serve as a medicine cabinet for families.
【Orange】Promotes secretion of gastric juice and sweat, inhibits bile excretion. Treats colds, jaundice, indigestion. Note by Gui: Traditional Chinese Medicine traditionally uses orange peel as an appetizer and exterior-releasing herb. The efficacy of the peel is similar to that of the flesh.
【Apple】Contains iron, astringent nature, can inhibit putrefaction. Treats anemia, malnutrition, food stagnation, dysentery. Note by Gui: Fruits all contain fruit acids, aiding digestion, but apples excel particularly and can eliminate inflammation from food stagnation. They are also good for neurasthenia and bacillary dysentery.
【Pear】Contains glucose, a tonic among fruits. Note by Gui: Traditional Chinese Medicine traditionally uses it as an expectorant. It is said to treat pulmonary atelectasis.
【Grape】Contains iron, glucose, Vitamins A and B. Treats anemia, lymph node tuberculosis. Note by Gui: Wine made from grapes is called grape wine, available in red and white varieties. It is said that while all wines are harmful, this one is beneficial, as the alcohol content is only 7-8%.
【Banana】Rich in starch, contains mucus. Treats chronic constipation. Note by Gui: Banana root juice, frozen as a beverage, treats carbuncles.
【Watermelon】Contains much phosphorus. Treats neurasthenia. Also edible for diabetes. Note by Gui: Traditional Chinese Medicine traditionally uses it to treat high fever and sweating in febrile diseases, beautifully named "Natural White Tiger Decoction."
【Mulberry Fruit】Contains acid and cell membrane substances. Treats body heat and headache arising from constipation, due to its ability to clear blood and induce laxation. Note by Gui: I once stated that Mulberry Fruit treats deficiency-type constipation, while Peach Blossom Petals (ground into powder, take 5 fen each time, mixed with porridge) treat excess-type constipation. These can be called simple and effective single prescriptions.
[7] Iodine has the effect of improving human metabolism and reducing accumulated fat, thereby treating obesity. Research shows that Hai Zao (Seaweed) contains 0.339 iodine, Kun Bu (Kelp) contains 1.234 iodine, and Hai Dai (Kelp) contains 1.168 iodine. All are marine plants rich in iodine. Therefore, decocting Kun Bu and Hai Zao to replace tea, or using Hai Dai and Hai Zhe (Cuttlefish) as side dishes, are simple single prescriptions for weight loss. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), I was teaching at the China College of Medicine in Shanghai. A female student, Zhang Jiahui, was handsome and plump. Worried that her figure would diminish, she asked me if there were any Chinese medicines to reduce fat. I racked my brains but found nothing. Today, reading *Compilation of New Theories in Traditional Chinese Medicine* quoting the *Ben Cao* ("Eating too much Kun Bu makes people thin"), I realized the role of iodine. I have incorporated this into the compilation to inform those suffering from obesity, and hope Student Zhang will try it.
[8] Fresh Wei Tuo Bian (Arrow Wood Vine Stem) 2-3 liang, Bai Fu Zi (Typhonium Rhizome) and Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) each 3 qian. Very effective for treating gout. This is a folk single prescription. Doctors rarely use it, and the indications are not detailed by the transmitter. In my opinion, this formula is indeed excellent for patients with strong physical constitution belonging to what ancients called "Painful Bi Syndrome" (Bi Syndrome characterized by severe pain). The transmitter also says that Wei Tuo Bian is Gui Jian Yu (Arrow Wood Vine Stem), which is sold in pharmacies. Since it is dried, one liang is sufficient. If the disease is in the lower limbs, add Niu Xi (Achyranthes Root) 3 qian.
[9] For gastric stagnation and diarrhea caused by excessive intake of raw/cold fruits, or for cold-induced diarrhea that persists for a long time, Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) is most wonderful. If accompanied by vomiting, remove Bai Zhu and add Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber, raw) and Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice). If accompanied by abdominal pain, add Mu Xiang (Vladimiria Root). Only use this formula when the pulse is deep and powerless. Otherwise, for pseudo-cholera commonly seen in summer and autumn, treating with warm medicines might exacerbate the condition. In the summer of the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), I served at Fudan Experimental Middle School. A student contracted food poisoning from overeating cold food. Colleague Mr. Yu Dong treated him with Lizhong Tang, and he recovered after one dose. This is because Mr. Yu explored the book *Shang Han Jin Shi* (Modern Explanation of Cold Damage) repeatedly and gained much insight.
[10] Bird's Nest is the nest built by the Swiftlet for laying eggs and feeding chicks. Its material is purely saliva sticky like Arabic gum, so it swells and becomes soft when soaked in water for a long time. This item entered medicine relatively recently. Medical books record its functions, stating it can nourish stomach fluids, moisten lung fluids, stop deficiency cough and dysentery, and resolve phlegm-heat above the diaphragm. Contemporary physicians treating deficiency consumption and tuberculosis with coughing of red sputum often add this item to prescriptions or advise patients to cook and eat it. However, according to Western medicine, the therapeutic effect of bird's nest is negligible and does not justify its high cost. In my opinion, since this product is made from swallow saliva, it seems beneficial for gastric digestion. Moreover, this thick, glue-like saliva might reduce bronchial secretion, acting as a nourishing and expectorant medicine, and promote blood coagulation, acting as a hemostatic agent. However, since its efficacy is weak, long-term consumption is necessary. Although recorded in the *Ben Cao*, the description is brief. Recent scholars like Cao Bingzhang have published detailed papers in early medical journals discussing it extensively.
[11] *Bao Shi Yan Fang Xin Bian* (New Compilation of Verified Formulas by Mr. Bao) contains many wonderful formulas. I excerpt one or two below.
【Da Can Gao (Ginseng-Replacement Paste)】This paste greatly tonifies qi and blood and can replace Ginseng. Use Nen Huang Qi (Young Astragalus Root, sliced from strong, arrow-shaped stems), Bai Gui Shen (Angelica Sinensis Root Body, tips and tails removed, washed clean of mud, 5 qian each), Fei Yu Zhu (Plump Polygonatum Odoratum Rhizome, 1 liang), Hua Zhou Ju Hong (Exocarpium Citri Grandis, 3 qian; if genuine is unavailable, use Xin Hui Chen Pi [Tangerine Peel from Xinhui] with white pith removed). Put all into a clay pot, decoct with natural spring water into a paste. Take each morning mixed with boiling water. (Note by Gui) The brilliance of this formula lies in Ju Hong, which strengthens and moves the spleen and stomach, preventing the cloying nature of tonifying herbs. It is more appropriate than Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang (Angelica Tonifying Blood Decoction) which uses only Dang Gui and Huang Qi. However...