脉浮而缓。湿在表也。脉沉而缓。湿在里也。或弦而缓。或缓而浮。皆风湿相搏也。脉
经
曰。湿家为病。一身尽疼。发热而身色似熏黄也。湿者。因坐卧湿地。远行涉水。或冒风雨
久着汗衣。多食生冷湿面。酒后多饮冷水。类能致之。不自觉耳。盖湿能伤脾。脾土一亏
百病由是生焉。滞而为喘嗽。渍而为呕吐。渗而为泄泻。溢而为浮肿。湿淤热则发黄湿
遍体。则重着。湿入关节。则一身尽痛。湿聚痰涎。则昏不知人。至于为身热。为鼻塞。为
直视。为郑声。为虚汗。为香港脚。为腹中胀。脐下坚。为小便难。大便自利。皆其症也。治
湿之法。必以健脾燥湿分利为主。经云。治湿不利小便。非其治也。宜苍术、白术、茯苓、
猪苓、泽泻、车前之类。或因湿而生痰。故用二陈汤加羌活、防风、酒芩。去风行湿。盖风
能胜湿故也。大抵宜微汗及利小便。使上下分消其湿。是其治也。
一论中湿而一身尽痛者。乃风湿相搏。邪在表也。
除湿羌活汤
羌活（一钱五分） 防风 升麻 柴胡（各一钱） 本 苍术（米泔浸各二钱）
上锉一剂。生姜煎服。
一论中湿而肿胀泄泻者。乃湿伤脾。邪在里也。
渗湿汤
苍术（米泔制） 白术（去芦） 陈皮 猪苓 甘草（三分） 泽泻（一钱） 浓朴（姜炒）
抚芎（各七分） 砂仁 香附 茯苓（各一钱五分）
上锉一剂。姜、枣、灯心煎服。
一论肾气虚弱。坐卧湿地。腰背拘急。筋挛骨痛。当风取凉过度。风邪流入脚膝。为偏
枯冷痹缓弱。疼痛牵引。脚重行步艰难。并白虎历节风痛。
独活寄生汤
独活 桑寄生 牛膝（去芦酒炒） 杜仲（姜汁炒） 秦艽 细辛 桂枝 川芎 白芍
（酒炒） 茯苓（去皮） 人参 当归（酒洗） 熟地黄 防风（去芦各等分） 甘草（盐炒）
一方用各一两。好酒炒。日饮三次良验。
上锉。姜、枣煎。空心。温服。外用金凤花、柏子仁、朴硝、木瓜煎汤洗浴。每日洗三
次。
一论寒湿客于经络。脚膝酸痛。浑身麻木。五积散主之。（方见中寒）
一论脾胃受湿。身重倦怠好卧。背脊痛。项强似折。顶似拔。上冲头痛。及足太阳经不
行。
羌活胜湿汤
羌活 独活（各一钱） 本 防风（各五分） 蔓荆子（二分） 川芎（二分） 甘草（五
分） 白术（一钱） 防己（一钱） 加黄 （一钱）
上锉作一剂。生姜煎服。如身重。腰沉沉然。经中有湿热也。加黄柏一钱。大附子五分。
苍术二钱。
一论中湿遍身疼痛。不能转侧。及皮肉痛难忍者。
经验白术酒
白术（去芦油土炒一两）
上锉一剂。好酒煎。温服。
一论湿气作痛。或肿或胀。或黄或泻。
苍术膏
苍术（米泔浸揉去黑皮切片晒干不拘多少）
上用水熬成膏。白汤调服。如暴发红肿痛甚者。以腊糟敷之。
一论筋骨疼痛。或湿热流注。腰下作痛。
二妙汤
川黄柏（盐酒炒五钱） 苍术（米泔浸炒一两）
上为末。每用一匙沸汤。入姜汁调。食前服。痛甚者。加葱三根。水煎。空心。热服。
一论中湿遍身骨节疼痛。
除湿膏
广胶（三两） 生姜（半斤捣汁） 乳香 没药（取末各一钱半）
上入铜杓内。火上熬化。移在滚汤内顿。以筋搅匀。入花椒末少许。再搅匀。摊浓纸或
绢上。贴患处。用鞋底烘热熨之。
一夏月患湿。不能行走足肿者。九月间收茄根、葱。檐下煎汤洗之。
一凡空室久闭者。不宜辄入。欲入先以香物及苍术之类焚之。俟郁气发散。然后可入。
不然感之成病。久闭井窖。尤宜慎之。
一凡湿气流注之病。痛不可忍。用金银花带叶。和酒糟研烂。用净瓦罐于火中烘热。敷
患处立已。
膏药方
生姜带皮取汁一碗。葱汁一碗。葱连青带须用。加牛膝半斤。慢火熬成膏。入麝一钱在
内。用布帛摊膏药贴痛处。收出湿水。如汗出。即愈。
脉象浮而缓，说明湿气在体表；脉象沉而缓，说明湿气在体内。或者脉象弦而缓，或者脉象缓而浮，都是风湿邪气相互搏结所致。《脉经》说：患湿病的人，全身都疼痛，发热且肤色像熏黄一样。湿病的成因，是因为坐卧在潮湿的地方，长途跋涉涉水，或者冒风雨行走，长时间穿着汗湿的衣服，多吃生冷、湿面等食物，酒后大量饮用冷水，这些情况都能导致湿病发生，只是人们没有意识到罢了。大概湿气会损伤脾脏，脾土一旦亏损，各种疾病就会由此产生。湿气停滞会导致喘咳，浸渍脾胃会导致呕吐，渗漏肠道会导致泄泻，溢于肌肤会导致浮肿。湿气郁积化热则身体发黄，湿气遍布全身则身体沉重困着，湿气侵入关节则全身疼痛，湿气聚集成痰涎则神志昏迷不知人事。至于出现身热、鼻塞、直视、郑声（语言重复低微）、虚汗、香港脚（足部肿痛）、腹部胀满、脐下坚硬、小便困难、大便自利等症状，都是湿病的表现。治疗湿病的方法，必须以健脾、燥湿、分利为主。经典云：治疗湿病如果不通利小便，就不是正确的治法。适宜使用苍术、白术、茯苓、猪苓、泽泻、车前子之类的药物。如果因为湿气而生痰，所以使用二陈汤加羌活、防风、酒炒黄芩，以祛风行湿。大概风能胜湿的缘故。大抵适宜通过微微发汗和通利小便，使湿气从上、下分消，这才是正确的治法。
有一种论述关于中湿而全身疼痛的，这是风湿邪气相互搏结，邪气在体表。
除湿羌活汤
羌活（一钱五分） 防风 升麻 柴胡（各一钱） 藁本 苍术（用米泔水浸泡，各二钱）
以上药材锉碎为一剂，用生姜煎服。
有一种论述关于中湿而出现肿胀、泄泻的，这是湿气损伤脾脏，邪气在体内。
渗湿汤
苍术（用米泔水制） 白术（去芦头） 陈皮 猪苓 甘草（三分） 泽泻（一钱） 厚朴（姜汁炒） 抚芎（川芎的一种，各七分） 砂仁 香附 茯苓（各一钱五分）
以上药材锉碎为一剂，用生姜、大枣、灯心草煎服。
有一种论述关于肾气虚弱，坐卧湿地，导致腰背拘急，筋脉挛缩，骨骼疼痛。当风取凉过度，风邪流入脚膝，导致偏枯、冷痹、缓弱无力，疼痛牵引，脚重行走艰难，以及白虎历节风痛。
独活寄生汤
独活 桑寄生 牛膝（去芦头，酒炒） 杜仲（姜汁炒） 秦艽 细辛 桂枝 川芎 白芍（酒炒） 茯苓（去皮） 人参 当归（酒洗） 熟地黄 防风（去芦头，各等分） 甘草（盐炒）
一方用法是每味药一两，用好酒炒制，每日饮用三次，疗效良好。
以上药材锉碎，用生姜、大枣煎服，空腹温服。外用金凤花、柏子仁、朴硝、木瓜煎汤洗浴，每日洗三次。
有一种论述关于寒湿客居经络，导致脚膝酸痛，浑身麻木，主方用五积散。（方剂见“中寒”章节）
有一种论述关于脾胃受湿，身体沉重倦怠嗜睡，背脊痛，项强似折断，头顶似被拔起，向上冲撞头痛，以及足太阳经气血不行。
羌活胜湿汤
羌活 独活（各一钱） 藁本 防风（各五分） 蔓荆子（二分） 川芎（二分） 甘草（五分） 白术（一钱） 防己（一钱） 黄芪（一钱）
以上药材锉碎作一剂，用生姜煎服。如果身体沉重，腰部沉沉然感觉重坠，说明经中有湿热，加黄柏一钱，大附子五分，苍术二钱。
有一种论述关于中湿导致遍身疼痛，不能转侧，以及皮肉疼痛难以忍受的。
经验白术酒
白术（去芦头，用油土炒，一两）
以上药材锉碎为一剂，用好酒煎服，温服。
有一种论述关于湿气作痛，或者肿胀，或者腹胀，或者发黄，或者泄泻的。
苍术膏
苍术（用米泔水浸泡，揉去黑皮，切片晒干，不拘多少）
以上用水熬成膏状，用白开水调服。如果是暴发红肿疼痛严重的，用腊糟敷贴患处。
有一种论述关于筋骨疼痛，或者湿热流注，腰部以下作痛的。
二妙汤
川黄柏（盐酒炒，五钱） 苍术（米泔水浸炒，一两）
以上研为末，每次用一匙，用沸汤冲入，加入姜汁调和，饭前服用。疼痛严重的，加葱三根，水煎，空腹热服。
有一种论述关于中湿导致遍身骨节疼痛的。
除湿膏
广胶（三两） 生姜（半斤捣汁） 乳香 没药（取末，各一钱半）
以上放入铜勺内，火上熬化，移到滚水中顿煮，用竹筋搅拌均匀，加入少许花椒末，再搅匀，摊在浓纸或绢布上，贴敷患处，用鞋底烘热熨烫。
一种情况是夏天患湿病，不能行走，足部肿大的，九月间收集茄根、葱，在屋檐下煎汤清洗患处。
一种情况是凡是空室久闭不用的，不宜随意进入。想要进入时，先焚烧香料及苍术之类，等到郁积之气发散后，然后才可以进入。否则感受湿气而成病。久闭的井窖，尤其应该谨慎。
一种情况是凡是湿气流注的病，疼痛不可忍受，用金银花带叶，和酒糟研烂，用干净的瓦罐在火中烘热，敷贴患处，立即痊愈。
膏药方
生姜带皮取汁一碗，葱汁一碗，葱连青带须使用，加牛膝半斤，慢火熬成膏，加入麝香一钱在内，用布帛摊成膏药贴敷痛处，可收出湿水。如果出汗，即痊愈。
Pulse floating and slow indicates dampness in the exterior; pulse deep and slow indicates dampness in the interior. Or pulse wiry and slow, or pulse slow and floating, all indicate wind-dampness pathogenic factors clashing with each other. *Mai Jing* (Classic of Pulses) states: Patients suffering from dampness disease experience pain throughout the entire body, fever, and a skin color resembling smoked yellow. The cause of dampness is sitting or lying on wet ground, traveling long distances through water, exposing oneself to wind and rain, wearing sweat-soaked clothes for a long time, consuming excessive amounts of raw, cold, or damp wheat noodles, and drinking large quantities of cold water after alcohol consumption. These conditions can all lead to dampness disease, though people are often unaware of it. Generally, dampness injures the Spleen; once the Earth element of the Spleen is deficient, various diseases arise from it. Stagnation leads to wheezing and coughing; infiltration leads to vomiting; seepage leads to diarrhea; overflow leads to edema. Dampness stagnating and transforming into heat causes jaundice; dampness pervading the body causes heaviness and sticking sensations; dampness entering the joints causes pain throughout the body; dampness gathering into phlegm-saliva causes unconsciousness. As for symptoms such as body heat, nasal congestion, staring eyes, *Zhengsheng* (repetitive, low-pitched speech), deficiency sweating, Hong Kong foot (podagra/swollen feet), abdominal distension, hardness below the umbilicus, difficulty urinating, and spontaneous loose stools, these are all manifestations of dampness disease. The method for treating dampness must focus primarily on strengthening the Spleen, drying dampness, and promoting diuresis. The Classics state: To treat dampness without promoting urination is not the correct treatment. It is appropriate to use herbs such as Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), etc. If phlegm arises due to dampness, then Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) combined with Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Jiuhuangqin (Scutellariae Radix fried with wine) should be used to dispel wind and move dampness. This is because wind can overcome dampness. Generally, mild sweating and promoting urination are suitable to allow dampness to dissipate from above and below; this is the correct treatment.
One discussion addresses dampness causing pain throughout the body, which is wind-dampness clashing, with the pathogen in the exterior.
Chushi Qianghuo Tang (Damp-Dispersing Notopterygium Decoction)
Qianghuo (1.5 qian) Fangfeng Shengma Chaihu (each 1 qian) Gaoben Cangzhu (soaked in rice wash water, each 2 qian)
Crush these ingredients for one dose. Decoct with fresh ginger and take orally.
One discussion addresses dampness causing swelling and diarrhea, which is dampness injuring the Spleen, with the pathogen in the interior.
Shenshi Tang (Damp-Percolating Decoction)
Cangzhu (processed with rice wash water) Baizhu (remove rhizome head) Chenpi Polyporus Gancao (0.3 qian) Zexie (1 qian) Houpo (stir-fried with ginger juice) Fuxiong (a type of Chuanxiong, each 0.7 qian) Sharen Xiangfu Fuling (each 1.5 qian)
Crush these ingredients for one dose. Decoct with fresh ginger, Jujube, and Juncus effusus (dengxin cao) and take orally.
One discussion addresses weak Kidney Qi, sitting or lying on wet ground, leading to stiffness and tension in the waist and back, tendon spasms, and bone pain. Excessive exposure to wind while cooling down allows wind pathogens to flow into the legs and knees, causing hemiplegia, cold bi-syndrome, flaccidity and weakness, radiating pain, heavy legs, difficulty walking, and white tiger joint-wandering wind pain.
Duhuo Jisheng Tang (Angelica Pubescens and Taxillus Decoction)
Duhuo Sangjisheng Niuxi (remove rhizome head, stir-fry with wine) Duzhong (stir-fry with ginger juice) Qinjiao Xixin Guizhi Chuanxiong Baishao (stir-fry with wine) Fuling (remove peel) Renshen Danggui (wash with wine) Shudihuang Fangfeng (remove rhizome head, equal parts) Gancao (salt-stir-fried)
Another prescription uses one liang of each ingredient, fried with good wine, taken three times daily for excellent results.
Crush these ingredients. Decoct with fresh ginger and Jujube. Take warm on an empty stomach. Externally, decoct Jin Feng Hua, Baizi Ren, Poxiao, and Mugua in water for bathing. Bathe three times daily.
One discussion addresses cold-dampness lodging in the meridians, causing soreness and pain in the legs and knees, and numbness throughout the body. The primary formula is Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder). (See "Cold-Dampness" chapter for formula.)
One discussion addresses Spleen and Stomach affected by dampness, causing heavy body, fatigue, desire to lie down, back pain, stiff neck feeling like breaking, sensation of head being pulled upward, upward rushing headache, and dysfunction of the Foot-Taiyang meridian.
Qianghuo Shengshi Tang (Notopterygium Overcoming Dampness Decoction)
Qianghuo Duhuo (each 1 qian) Gaoben Fangfeng (each 0.5 qian) Manjingzi (0.2 qian) Chuanxiong (0.2 qian) Gancao (0.5 qian) Baizhu (1 qian) Fangji (1 qian) Huangqi (1 qian)
Crush these ingredients for one dose. Decoct with fresh ginger and take orally. If the body feels heavy and the waist feels sinking, indicating damp-heat in the meridians, add Huangbai (1 qian), Da Fuzi (0.5 qian), and Cangzhu (2 qian).
One discussion addresses dampness causing pain throughout the body, inability to turn over, and unbearable pain in skin and flesh.
Jingyan Baizhu Jiu (Experienced White Atractylodes Wine)
Baizhu (remove rhizome head, stir-fry with oily earth, 1 liang)
Crush this ingredient for one dose. Decoct with good wine. Take warm.
One discussion addresses pain caused by dampness, or swelling, or distension, or jaundice, or diarrhea.
Cangzhu Gao (Atractylodes Rhizoma Paste)
Cangzhu (soak in rice wash water, rub off black skin, slice, dry in sun, amount不拘)
Decoct with water until it becomes a paste. Take mixed with plain boiled water. For sudden onset of severe redness, swelling, and pain, apply la zao (fermented rice bran) to the affected area.
One discussion addresses bone and tendon pain, or damp-heat flowing and pouring, causing pain below the waist.
Ermiao Tang (Two Marvels Decoction)
Chuan Huangbai (salt and wine stir-fried, 5 qian) Cangzhu (soak in rice wash water and stir-fried, 1 liang)
Grind into powder. Each time, take one spoonful, pour boiling water over it, mix with ginger juice, and take before meals. For severe pain, add three green onions, decoct in water, and take hot on an empty stomach.
One discussion addresses dampness causing pain in bones and joints throughout the body.
Chushi Gao (Damp-Dispersing Plaster)
Guangjiao (3 liang) Fresh Ginger (half jin, crushed for juice) Ruxiang Moyao (take powder, each 1.5 qian)
Place in a copper ladle, melt over fire, then place in boiling water to simmer. Stir evenly with a bamboo whisk. Add a little Huajiao (Sichuan peppercorn) powder, stir again. Spread thickly on strong paper or silk, apply to the affected area, and iron with a heated shoe sole.
In summer, if one suffers from dampness, cannot walk, and has swollen feet, collect eggplant roots and scallions in September, decoct under the eaves, and wash the affected area with the soup.
For rooms that have been closed for a long time, do not enter casually. Before entering, burn incense and Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) etc., wait for the stagnant air to disperse, then enter. Otherwise, dampness may be contracted and cause illness. Wells and cellars closed for a long time require particular caution.
For diseases caused by dampness flowing and pouring, where pain is unbearable, use Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) with leaves, mash with wine dregs, heat a clean clay pot in the fire, and apply to the affected area for immediate relief.
Plaster Formula
Take juice from fresh ginger with skin (one bowl), juice from scallions (one bowl), using the green part and roots of scallions. Add Niuxi (half jin). Simmer slowly over low heat until it becomes a paste. Add Shexiang (Musk, 1 qian). Spread onto cloth or silk to make a plaster, apply to painful areas to draw out dampness. If sweating occurs, recovery follows.