《外台》∶崔氏初哺儿良日∶以平定成日大吉,其哺不得令咸。
《外台》∶崔氏又方∶寅、丑、辰、巳、酉日良。
《外台》∶崔氏又方∶男戊、己日不得哺,女丙、丁日不得哺。
《婴孺》∶哺儿初吉日∶壬寅、壬辰、己酉日吉。
《千金》论∶凡浴小儿,汤极须令冷热调和。冷热失所令儿惊,亦致五脏疾也。凡儿冬不可久浴,浴久则伤
寒,夏不可久浴,浴久则伤热。数浴背冷则发痫,若不浴又令儿毛落。新生浴儿者,以猪胆一枚,取汁投汤中
以浴儿,终身不患疮疥,勿以杂水浴之。儿生三日,宜用桃根汤浴。桃根、李根、梅根各三两,枝亦得。 咀
之,以水三斗煮二十沸,去滓,浴儿良。去不祥,令儿终身无疮疥。治小儿惊辟恶气,以金虎汤浴。金一斤,
虎头骨一枚,以水三斗煮为汤浴,但须浴即煮用之。
《外台》∶崔氏又浴儿虎头骨汤,主辟除恶气兼令儿不惊,不患诸疮疥方。
虎头骨(五大两,无头,身骨,亦得碎) 苦参(四两) 白芷(三两。《婴孺集》以为五两)
上三味切,以水一斗煮为汤,内猪胆汁少许,适寒温以浴儿良。
《本草注》主小儿身热,食不生肌方。
上楮叶可作浴汤,又主恶疮生肉。
《简要济众》新生小儿浴方。
上以益母草一大把,锉,水一斗,煎十沸,温浴而不生疮疥。(益母草,茺蔚苗也,俗名郁臭。)
《子母秘录》小儿辟恶气。
上以水煮虎皮骨汤,浴儿数数作。
《食疗方》∶小儿初生,取虎骨煎汤浴,其孩子长大无病。
《斗门方》浴小儿胎秽。
白僵蚕 黑牵牛 细辛
上等分为末如澡豆,用之良。
《元和纪用经》庆浴吉庆法(谓三日、五日或七日洗儿也)当取寅、卯、酉日为大吉良,宜避壬、午、
丁、未并凶,癸、巳亦凶。今不能合上三日者,但勿犯下三日凶恶之日,皆平安浴法。
《圣惠》治新生儿卒寒热,不能服药。宜用莽草汤浴方
莽草 丹参 蛇床子 桂心 菖蒲(各一两)
上件药锉碎,以水五斗,煮一、二十沸,去滓,适寒温以浴之,避风。
《圣惠》浴儿辟温恶气、疗百病,去皮肤沙粟方。
桃根 梅根 李根(各一把) 细辛 蛇床子(各一两)
上件药都锉,以水二斗,煎至一斗,澄滤,候冷暖得所,浴儿佳。
《圣惠》治小儿壮热浴方。
上以李子叶切半升,用水一斗,煎至七升,去滓,看冷暖得所浴之。
《圣惠》又方
白芷(二两) 苦参(三两)
上都锉,以水一斗,煎至七升,去滓,加少盐及少浆水浴之。浴了以粉摩之,即不畏风。又大引散诸风也。
《婴孺》治儿生一月至五月,乍寒乍热。柳枝汤浴方
上以柳枝,不限多少,煮汤浴之。若渴,取冬瓜汁饮之。
《婴孺》凡常浴儿不疗病,只取桃柳心各七个,并水少许,清浆水、盐各少许,浴之大良。浴了以粉粉之,不
怕风,又散气除邪。惟不用频浴,频浴引冷发痫。
《婴童宝鉴》诸小儿浴法。凡浴汤用猪胆则疮疥不生。用金银、虎头骨、麝香、丹砂煎汤则避恶气。客忤惊痫,
用李叶、桃叶、楮叶、梅叶根等煎汤,则解体热温壮之患。
《婴童宝鉴》浴汤方。
金银 虎头骨 桃奴 丹砂 雄黄
上煎浴儿,退惊辟邪气。煎汤沐发,则令润黑无垢。
《婴童宝鉴》煎汤浴儿退热。
蒴 葱 胡麻叶 白芷 本 蛇床子
《婴童宝鉴》煎汤浴儿退风。
猪胆 苦参 防己 黄连 甘草 白芨 本 杉 柏 枫叶
《婴童宝鉴》煎汤浴儿治疮。
大麻仁 零陵香 丁香 桑椹 本
《庄氏家传》浴小儿五根汤
桃根 柳根 楝根 桑根 槐根
上等分锉,或各以枝亦得,加豉为汤浴儿妙。仍以光粉和蚌粉扑身,辟邪,吉。
《庄氏家传》云∶寻常浴汤煎熟,入少许清浆水、盐一捻。浴讫以粉磨,既不畏风,又引散诸药。
《外台秘要》记载:崔氏关于给新生儿初次喂奶的吉日建议:选择平定且成日(十二建除之一,象征成就)的日子最为吉利,喂奶时食物味道不得过咸。
《外台秘要》又载:崔氏的另一方认为,寅日、丑日、辰日、巳日、酉日为良辰吉日。
《外台秘要》再载:崔氏的另一方指出,男孩在戊日、己日不宜喂奶,女孩在丙日、丁日不宜喂奶。
《婴孺集》记载:给婴儿初次喂奶的最佳吉日:壬寅日、壬辰日、己酉日为吉。
《千金方》论述:凡是给小儿洗澡,药汤必须冷热调和得当。如果冷热失宜,会使小儿受惊,也会导致五脏患病。凡是小儿冬天不可长时间洗澡,洗久了会伤及寒气;夏天不可长时间洗澡,洗久了会伤及热气。频繁洗澡若背部受凉则会引发痫病(癫痫),如果不洗澡又会导致小儿毛发脱落。给新生儿洗澡,可用一枚猪胆,取胆汁投入汤水中给小儿洗浴,这样终身不会患疮疥,不要用混杂的水给小儿洗澡。小儿出生第三天,适宜用桃根汤洗澡。桃根、李根、梅根各三两,树枝也可以。切碎药材,用水三斗煮二十沸,滤去药渣,用来给小儿洗澡很好。此法可去除不祥之气,使小儿终身无疮疥。治疗小儿惊悸辟除恶气,可用金虎汤洗澡。黄金一斤,虎头骨一枚,用水三斗煮成汤水给小儿洗浴,只要需要洗澡就立即煮好使用。
《外台秘要》记载:崔氏的另一种给小儿洗澡用的虎头骨汤,主要功效是辟除恶气并防止小儿受惊、不患各种疮疥的方子。
虎头骨(五大两,若无完整头部,身体骨骼也可,甚至打碎亦可) 苦参(四两) 白芷(三两。《婴孺集》认为是五两)
以上三味药切碎,用水一斗煮成汤,加入少许猪胆汁,调节至适宜温度给小儿洗浴,效果良好。
《本草注》记载:主治小儿身体发热、饮食后肌肉不生长的方子。
楮叶可以用作洗澡汤,另外也主治恶疮促进生肌。
《简要济众书》记载的新生儿洗浴方。
以上用益母草一大把,切碎,用水一斗,煎煮十沸,温热给小儿洗浴,可预防疮疥。(益母草即茺蔚苗,俗称郁臭。)
《子母秘录》记载的小儿辟除恶气的方法。
以上用水煮虎皮骨汤,多次给小儿洗浴。
《食疗方》记载:小儿刚出生,取虎骨煎汤洗浴,这个孩子长大后就不会生病。
《斗门方》记载给小儿洗浴以去除胎毒秽气。
白僵蚕 黑牵牛 细辛
以上等分研为细末,如同澡豆一样使用,效果良好。
《元和纪用经》记载庆浴吉庆法(指出生后三日、五日或七日洗儿)应当选取寅日、卯日、酉日为大吉良辰,应当避开壬日、午日、丁日、未日以及凶日,癸日、巳日也是凶日。现在若不能符合上述三日之说,只要不触犯下面提到的三日凶恶之日,都是平安的洗浴方法。
《太平圣惠方》治疗新生儿突然寒热交替,无法服药的情况。适宜用莽草汤洗浴方。
莽草 丹参 蛇床子 桂心 菖蒲(各一两)
以上药物切碎,用水五斗,煮一至二十沸,滤去药渣,调节适宜温度给小儿洗浴,注意避风。
《太平圣惠方》给小儿洗浴以辟除温邪恶气、治疗百病、去除皮肤沙粒感(粟粒疹)的方子。
桃根 梅根 李根(各一把) 细辛 蛇床子(各一两)
以上药物都切碎,用水二斗,煎煮至一斗,澄清过滤,等待温度冷暖适宜,给小儿洗浴佳。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿高热洗浴方。
以上用李子叶切半升,用水一斗,煎煮至七升,滤去药渣,观察温度冷暖适宜后给小儿洗浴。
《太平圣惠方》又一方
白芷(二两) 苦参(三两)
以上都切碎,用水一斗,煎煮至七升,滤去药渣,加入少量盐及少量浆水给小儿洗浴。洗浴后用米粉涂抹按摩,即可不畏风寒。又能疏散各种风邪。
《婴孺集》治疗小儿出生一个月至五个月,忽冷忽热的柳枝汤洗浴方。
以上用柳枝,数量不限,煮汤给小儿洗浴。如果口渴,取冬瓜汁饮用。
《婴孺集》常规给小儿洗澡不治病,只取桃心和柳心各七个,加少许水、清浆水、盐各少许,给小儿洗浴非常良好。洗浴后用米粉扑身,不怕风,又能散气除邪。只是不要频繁洗澡,频繁洗澡会引入寒气引发痫病。
《婴童宝鉴》记载的各种小儿洗浴方法。凡是洗浴汤中加入猪胆则不生疮疥。用金银、虎头骨、麝香、丹砂煎汤则能避除恶气。对于客忤惊痫,用李叶、桃叶、楮叶、梅叶根等煎汤,则可解除身体热温壮之患。
《婴童宝鉴》洗浴汤方。
金银 虎头骨 桃奴(桃树上的干缩果实) 丹砂 雄黄
以上煎煮给小儿洗浴,可退惊辟邪气。煎汤洗头,可使头发润泽乌黑无污垢。
《婴童宝鉴》煎汤给小儿洗浴以退热。
蒴藋 葱 胡麻叶 白芷 藁本 蛇床子
《婴童宝鉴》煎汤给小儿洗浴以祛风。
猪胆 苦参 防己 黄连 甘草 白芨 藁本 杉木 柏树 枫叶
《婴童宝鉴》煎汤给小儿洗浴以治疗疮疡。
大麻仁 零陵香 丁香 桑椹 藁本
《庄氏家传》给小儿洗浴的五根汤
桃根 柳根 楝根 桑根 槐根
以上等分切碎,或者各取树枝也可以,加豆豉煮汤给小儿洗浴妙处在于此。仍以光粉和蚌粉混合扑在身上,可辟邪,吉利。
《庄氏家传》说:寻常洗浴汤煎熟后,加入少许清浆水、一捻盐。洗浴完毕后用粉末摩擦身体,既不畏风寒,又能引散诸药之气。
*Waitai Mi Yao* records: Cui's advice on the auspicious days for the first feeding of a newborn states that "Ping" (Level) and "Cheng" (Achievement) days in the Twelve Day Officers system are most auspicious. The food for feeding must not be too salty.
*Waitai Mi Yao* further records: Cui's another method suggests that Yin, Chou, Chen, Si, and You days are auspicious.
*Waitai Mi Yao* again records: Cui's another method points out that boys should not be fed on Wu and Ji days, while girls should not be fed on Bing and Ding days.
*Yingru Ji* records: The best auspicious days for the first feeding of an infant are Ren-Yin, Ren-Chen, and Ji-You days.
*Qianjin Fang* discusses: Whenever bathing infants, the water temperature must be harmoniously balanced between hot and cold. If the temperature is inappropriate, it may cause the infant to startle and also lead to disorders of the Five Zang organs. In winter, infants should not be bathed for long periods; prolonged bathing will injure them with cold. In summer, infants should not be bathed for long periods; prolonged bathing will injure them with heat. Frequent bathing with cold exposure on the back can trigger epilepsy (Xian Bing). However, not bathing at all may cause hair loss. For bathing newborns, take one pig gallbladder, extract the bile, add it to the bathwater, and bathe the infant. This ensures they will not suffer from sores and scabies throughout their life. Do not use mixed or impure water for bathing. On the third day after birth, it is suitable to bathe the infant with Peach Root Decoction. Take three liang each of Peach Root, Plum Root, and Mei (Plum) Root; branches are also acceptable. Crush the herbs, boil in three dou of water for twenty boils, remove the dregs, and use the liquid to bathe the infant. This removes inauspicious qi and ensures the infant remains free from sores and scabies for life. To treat infantile fright and dispel evil qi, use Jinhu Tang (Gold-Tiger Decoction). Boil one jin of gold and one tiger skull bone in three dou of water to make the decoction for bathing. Prepare it immediately when needed.
*Waitai Mi Yao* records: Cui's Tiger Skull Bone Decoction for bathing infants, primarily used to dispel evil qi, prevent fright, and avoid various sores and scabies.
Tiger Skull Bone (five da liang; if the head is unavailable, body bones are acceptable, even crushed); Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, four liang); Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, three liang. *Yingru Ji* considers five liang).
Cut the above three ingredients, boil in one dou of water to make the decoction, add a small amount of pig bile, adjust to a comfortable temperature, and bathe the infant.
*Benzhu* records: A formula for treating infantile fever and failure to thrive (lack of muscle growth after eating).
Chu Ye (Broussonetiae Folium) can be used as bathwater; it also treats malignant sores and promotes tissue regeneration.
*Jianyao Jizhong Shu* records a bathing formula for newborns.
Take a large bunch of Yimucao (Leonuri Herba), cut it, boil in one dou of water for ten boils, and use the warm solution to bathe the infant to prevent sores and scabies. (Yimucao is the seedling of Chongwei, commonly known as Yuchou.)
*Zimu Milu* records a method for infants to dispel evil qi.
Boil tiger skin and bone in water to make a decoction, and bathe the infant repeatedly.
*Shiliao Fang* records: For newborns, bathing with tiger bone decoction ensures the child grows up healthy and disease-free.
*Doumen Fang* records a method to bathe infants to remove fetal turbidity and filth.
Baijiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Hei Qianniu (Pharbitidis Semen), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma).
Grind the above into fine powder in equal parts, use like bath soap, which is effective.
*Yuanhe Jiyong Jing* records the Auspicious Bathing Method (referring to bathing on the third, fifth, or seventh day after birth). Select Yin, Mao, or You days as most auspicious. Avoid Ren, Wu, Ding, Wei, and other inauspicious days; Gui and Si days are also inauspicious. If one cannot adhere to the aforementioned three-day rule, simply avoid the specific inauspicious days mentioned below; this is a safe bathing method.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats sudden cold and heat alternation in newborns who cannot take oral medication. It is suitable to use Mangcao Tang (Mangcao Decoction) for bathing.
Mangcao (Radix Datiscae Cannabinae), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Changpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) (one liang each).
Crush the above herbs, boil in five dou of water for one to twenty boils, remove dregs, adjust to a comfortable temperature, and bathe the infant. Avoid wind.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* bathing formula to dispel warm evil qi, treat hundred diseases, and remove skin roughness (millet-like bumps).
Peach Root, Mei Root, Li Root (one handful each); Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus) (one liang each).
Crush all herbs, boil in two dou of water until reduced to one dou, filter, wait for appropriate temperature, and bathe the infant.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* bathing formula for treating high fever in infants.
Take half sheng of sliced Plum Leaves, boil in one dou of water until reduced to seven sheng, remove dregs, check temperature, and bathe the infant.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang*, another formula:
Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, two liang); Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, three liang).
Crush the above, boil in one dou of water until reduced to seven sheng, remove dregs, add a little salt and a little Jiangshui (fermented grain water), and bathe the infant. After bathing, apply powder and massage; this prevents fear of wind and disperses various wind pathogens.
*Yingru Ji* Liu Zhi Tang (Willow Branch Decoction) for bathing infants aged one to five months presenting with alternating cold and heat.
Use Willow Branches (Liu Zhi), quantity unlimited, boil to make decoction for bathing. If thirsty, give Winter Melon Juice (Donggua Zhi) to drink.
*Yingru Ji* Routine bathing does not treat disease. Simply take seven Peach Hearts and seven Willow Hearts, add a little water, a little Qingjiangshui (clear fermented water), and a little salt. Bathe the infant; this is excellent. Apply powder after bathing to prevent fear of wind, dissipate qi, and remove evil. However, do not bathe frequently, as frequent bathing introduces cold and may trigger epilepsy.
*Yingtong Baojian* records various bathing methods for children. Adding Pig Gallbladder (Zhudan) to bathwater prevents sores and scabies. Using Gold/Silver, Tiger Skull Bone, Shexiang (Moschus), and Dansha (Cinnabar) decoction dispels evil qi. For Ke Wu (alien influence) and fright/epilepsy, decocting Li Leaf, Tao Leaf, Chu Leaf, and Mei Leaf/Root resolves heat and warmth disorders.
*Yingtong Baojian* Bathing Decoction Formula.
Jinyin (Gold/Silver), Hutoogu (Tiger Skull Bone), Taonu (Dried Plum Fruit on Tree), Dansha (Cinnabar), Xionghuang (Realgar).
Boil for bathing to reduce fright and dispel evil qi. Use decoction to wash hair to make it lustrous, black, and clean.
*Yingtong Baojian* Decoction for bathing to reduce fever.
Shuobi (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus), Humaye (Sesami Folium), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Bencao (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus).
*Yingtong Baojian* Decoction for bathing to dispel wind.
Zhudan (Pig Gallbladder), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Baiji (Bletillae Rhizoma), Bencao (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Shanmu (Cupressi Lignum), Baimu (Platycladi Cacumen), Fengye (Aceris Folium).
*Yingtong Baojian* Decoction for bathing to treat sores.
Damaoren (Cannabis Semen), Linglingxiang (Lysimachiae Herba), Dingxiang (Syzygii Flos), Sangshen (Mori Fructus), Bencao (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix).
*Zhuang Shi Jia Chuan* Five Roots Decoction for bathing infants.
Tao Gen (Peach Root), Liu Gen (Willow Root), Lian Gen (Melia Root), Sang Gen (Mulberry Root), Huai Gen (Locust Root).
Grind in equal parts; branches are also acceptable. Add Chi (Fermented Soybean) to make decoction for bathing. Afterwards, mix Guangfen (Refined Powder) and Bangfen (Concha Margaritifera) and apply to the body to dispel evil; this is auspicious.
*Zhuang Shi Jia Chuan* states: For routine bathing, after boiling the decoction, add a little Qingjiangshui (clear fermented water) and a pinch of salt. After bathing, rub with powder. This prevents fear of wind and helps disperse the effects of various medicines.