《千金》论曰∶小儿初出腹，骨肉未敛，肌肉犹是血也。血凝乃坚，成肌肉耳。其血沮败，不荣肌肉，则
使面目绕鼻口左右悉黄而啼。闭目聚口撮面，口中干燥，四肢不能伸缩者，皆是血脉不敛也。喜不育，若有如
此者，皆宜与龙胆汤也。
《圣惠》论∶凡初生儿，须防三病。一曰撮口，二曰着噤，三曰脐风，皆是急病。就中撮口尤甚，过一腊方
免此厄。但看面赤喘急，啼声不出者是也。撮口状候已重，善救疗者十不得四、五。但根据将护法，防于事先，
则必无此患矣。
《圣惠》又云∶小儿撮口者，由在母胞中挟于风热。儿生之后，气血未调，或洗浴当风， 袍失度，一腊之
内，遂有斯疾。但看面赤，啼声不出，哺乳艰难，即是撮口。若过一腊，方免此厄，最为急疾，宜速疗之。
茅先生∶小儿中撮口候。一来因在胞中受热毒，又因在母胞挟于风热，又因儿生之后，气血未就，洗浴当
风，有贼风吹着。故受此症，是为恶候。
汉东王先生《家宝》脐风证候云∶孩儿生下三、四日之间，有脐风、撮口者。盖因生下之时，坐婆不谙看，
掌剪脐带不定，伤动脐带，外风入脐，故有脐风、撮口。下乳不得，其候面青，啼声不出，唇青撮口。若口出
白沫，四肢逆冷，此是恶候。
张涣云∶婴孩胎气挟热，亦因母有邪热传染，或生下洗浴当风，襁褓失度，致令婴儿啼声不出，乳哺艰难，
名曰撮口不开。病七日之内尤甚。
《飞仙》论小儿生下有脐风、撮口者，多是剪脐带有所伤动，被贼风入脐，撮口不开，下乳不得。其候面青，
哭声不出，多撮唇口。若是吐出白沫，四肢觉冷必死。
小儿宫气方 治小儿撮口。
上用白僵蚕二枚为末，以蜜和，敷于小儿口内即瘥。
《子母秘录》治小儿撮口病，但看舌上有疮如粟米大是也。
上用蜈蚣取汁，刮破指甲研，敷两颊内。如无生者，干者亦得。
陈藏器治小儿撮口方。
上先嫠小儿口傍令见血，碎雀瓮，取汁涂之。又产育时，若开诸物，口不令闭，多使儿患撮口。
《圣惠》治小儿新生发噤撮口候。宜服钩藤散方
钩藤 川升麻 黄芩（各半两） 蜣螂（二枚，去翅足，微炒）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每服一钱，以水一盏，入芦根一分，煎至四分去滓，徐徐温喂之。
《圣惠》治孩子风热，撮口。神效方
白米（五十粒） 朴硝（半钱） 豉（三十粒） 甘草（生切） 葱白（各一寸）
上以童子小便一中盏，煎取三合。儿初生未吃奶前，便以绵濡，点药口中二、七滴，逡巡儿腹中转，即利
出脐粪，然后与奶吃。至七日以来，每日滴三、七滴，永无撮口。极经效方。
《圣惠》治撮口。当两乳中高下，平以线量。灸之三壮，起死。仍用后方。
乌驴乳(一、二合)东引槐枝（十枚，各长三寸）
上以 火煨槐枝，入火一半，看不煨头津出，即取拭却；内于乳中浸，须臾，便以槐枝点乳于口中，大验。
《圣惠》治小儿胎热撮口方。
牛黄(细研，一钱) 竹沥（一合）
上件药调令匀。时时与少许服之。
《圣惠》又方
蜗牛子（十枚，去壳，细研如泥） 莳萝（末，半分）
上件药同研令匀，用奶汁和，涂于口畔立瘥。
《圣惠》又方
麝香 朱砂（各一分，研） 蛇蜕（一尺，细切，微炒）
上件药都细研如粉。每用半字，以津粘儿口唇上，日五、七上用之。
《圣惠》治小儿撮口及发噤方。
上用生甘草一分，细锉，以水一小盏，煎至六分去滓，微温与儿服之。令吐出痰涎，后以猪乳点口中即瘥。
《圣惠》又方
上用壁鱼子细研作末，每服少许，令儿吮之。
《圣惠》又方
上用鼠 虫绞取汁，与儿少许服之。
《圣惠》又方
赤足蜈蚣（一枚） 雀儿饭瓮子（不开口者五个）
上和烧为末，细研。每服以粥饮调下二字。
《圣惠》又方
上用初生豆茅烂研，以乳汁调与儿吃。或生研绞取汁，少许与服亦得。
《圣惠》又方
上用晚蚕蛾三枚，炙黄研为末，和蜜涂口即效。若凡儿患毒，必须防吐。用油麻一小升，去皮研，绞汁二
合以来，用甘草半寸炙为末，和油微暖，日为五服。（《婴孺方》与《圣惠》壁鱼方，以下诸方皆同治撮口。）
《圣惠》又方
上用蜗牛子五枚，去壳，取汁涂口上，以瘥即止。
《圣惠》又方
上用棘科上雀儿饭瓮子未开口者，取瓮子内物和奶汁研灌之。
《圣惠》又方
上用柏白皮穿作小孔子，安于脐上，以艾炷入柏皮孔中，灸之即瘥。
汉东王先生《家宝》∶治婴儿因剪脐伤于外风，致唇青撮口，口出白沫。神妙定命散方
赤脚蜈蚣（半条，酒炙令干） 麝香（少许，别研） 川乌头尖（三个，生）
上为末，同麝香研极细。每服半字。煎金银薄荷汤调下。
张涣急风散方 治撮口。
蛇蜕皮（微炒） 干蝎梢 钩藤（各一分）
以上捣，罗为细末。次用∶
朱砂（一分，细研、水飞） 好麝香 牛黄（各半钱。并研极细）
上件都拌匀，再研为细末。每服一字。取竹沥一、两点，同乳汁调下。
《千金方》论述道：小儿刚出生时，骨肉尚未收敛，肌肉组织本质上还是血液。血液凝固后变硬，才形成肌肉。如果血液败坏，不能滋养肌肉，就会导致面部、眼睛周围以及鼻子和嘴巴左右都发黄并啼哭。闭眼聚口、面部抽搐（撮面），口中干燥，四肢不能伸缩的，都是血脉不能收敛的表现。这类患儿难以养活，如果有上述症状，都适宜服用龙胆汤。
《太平圣惠方》论述：凡是刚出生的婴儿，必须预防三种疾病。一是撮口，二是噤风（牙关紧闭），三是脐风，这些都是急症。其中撮口病最为严重，如果超过一个月（一腊）才能免除这种灾厄。只要看到面色发红、呼吸急促、啼哭声发不出来的，就是撮口病的表现。撮口病的症状已经严重时，善于救治的医生十人中救不活四五个。但只要根据护理原则，防患于未然，就必定不会发生这种祸患。
《太平圣惠方》又说：小儿患撮口病，是因为在母胎中受到风热侵袭。婴儿出生后，气血尚未调和，或者洗澡时吹了风，襁褓包裹不当，在出生一个月内，就会患上这种病。只要看到面色发红，啼哭声不出，哺乳困难，就是撮口病。如果超过一个月，才能免除这种灾厄，这是非常危急的疾病，应该迅速治疗。
茅先生论述：小儿患撮口病的证候。一来是因为在母胎中受热毒，二来是因为在母胎中夹带风热，三是因为婴儿出生后，气血未定，洗澡时吹了风，有贼风（邪风）吹袭。因此患上此症，属于恶候。
汉东王先生《家宝》中关于脐风证候的记载说：孩子出生三四天之间，出现脐风、撮口的情况。大概是因为出生时，接生婆不熟悉观察，剪断脐带时处理不当，损伤了脐带，导致外风从脐部侵入，所以产生脐风、撮口。表现为无法吃奶，面色青紫，啼哭声不出，嘴唇青紫且口唇收缩。如果口吐白沫，四肢逆冷，这是恶候。
张涣说：婴儿胎气挟带热邪，也可能是因为母亲有邪热传染，或者出生后洗澡时吹了风，襁褓包裹不当，导致婴儿啼哭声不出，哺乳艰难，名叫“撮口不开”。发病七天内病情尤为严重。
《飞仙方》论述小儿出生时有脐风、撮口的情况，大多是剪断脐带时有所损伤，被贼风侵入脐部，导致撮口不开，无法吃奶。其症状是面色青紫，哭声不出，经常收缩嘴唇和口角。如果是吐出白沫，四肢感觉冰冷，必然死亡。
小儿宫气方：治疗小儿撮口病。
取白僵蚕二枚，研成粉末，用蜂蜜调和，涂抹在婴儿口腔内，即可痊愈。
《子母秘录》治疗小儿撮口病，只要看舌头上有像粟米大小的疮口就是了。
取蜈蚣汁，刮下指甲屑研磨，敷在两颊内侧。如果没有新鲜的，干蜈蚣也可以。
陈藏器治疗小儿撮口方的方法。
先挑破婴儿嘴角使其见血，捣碎雀瓮（一种昆虫的巢穴），取其汁液涂抹。另外，分娩时，如果打开各种物品，不要让嘴闭上，容易导致婴儿患撮口病。
《太平圣惠方》治疗新生儿发噤撮口证候。适宜服用钩藤散方：
钩藤、川升麻、黄芩（各半两）、蜣螂（二枚，去掉翅膀和足，微炒）。
以上药物捣碎，过细筛制成散剂。每次服用一钱，用水一盏，加入芦根一分，煎至剩余四分，去渣滓，慢慢温热喂服。
《太平圣惠方》治疗孩子风热引起的撮口病。神效方：
白米（五十粒）、朴硝（半钱）、豆豉（三十粒）、甘草（生切）、葱白（各一寸）。
以上用童子尿一中盏，煎取三合。婴儿刚出生还未吃奶前，就用棉签蘸药液，点在婴儿口中二到七滴，不久婴儿腹部转动，就会排出胎粪，然后给奶吃。直到第七天为止，每天滴三到七滴，永远不会有撮口病。这是极其灵验的方子。
《太平圣惠方》治疗撮口病。在两乳头中间高低处，用线量平。艾灸三壮，可起死回生。同时使用后方。
乌驴乳（一两合）、东引槐枝（十枚，每根长三寸）。
将槐枝在炭火中煨烤，烧掉一半长度，看到没烧到的部分渗出津液，就取下来擦掉；放入驴乳中浸泡，片刻后，用槐枝蘸乳汁点入婴儿口中，效果显著。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿胎热引起的撮口方。
牛黄（细研，一钱）、竹沥（一合）。
以上药物调匀。时常给少许服用。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
蜗牛子（十枚，去壳，细研如泥）、莳萝（粉末，半分）。
以上药物同研均匀，用奶汁调和，涂抹在口边立即痊愈。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
麝香、朱砂（各一分，研）、蛇蜕（一尺，细切，微炒）。
以上药物都细研成粉。每次用半字量，用唾液粘在婴儿嘴唇上，每天五到七次使用。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿撮口及发噤方。
取生甘草一分，细锉，用水一小盏，煎至六分，去渣滓，微温给婴儿服用。令其吐出痰涎，之后用猪乳点入口中即愈。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
取壁鱼子细研成末，每次给少许，让婴儿吮吸。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
赤足蜈蚣（一枚）、雀儿饭瓮子（未开口的五个）。
一起烧成粉末，细研。每次用粥饮调下二字量服用。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
取初生的豆茅烂研，用乳汁调和给婴儿吃。或者生研绞取汁液，给少许服用也可以。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
取晚蚕蛾三枚，炙黄后研为末，和蜜涂抹在口部即见效。如果普通婴儿患毒症，必须防止呕吐。用油麻一小升，去皮研碎，绞取汁液两合以上，用甘草半寸炙成末，与油混合微暖，每天分五次服用。（《婴孺方》与《太平圣惠方》中的壁鱼方，以下各方皆同治撮口病。）
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
取蜗牛子五枚，去壳，取汁液涂在口上，痊愈即止。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
取棘科上的雀儿饭瓮子未开口的，取瓮子里的东西和奶汁研磨灌服。
《太平圣惠方》又一方：
取柏白皮穿孔做成小孔，安放在脐上，将艾炷放入柏皮孔中，灸之即愈。
汉东王先生《家宝》：治疗婴儿因剪脐带受伤受外风，导致嘴唇青紫撮口，口吐白沫。神妙定命散方：
赤脚蜈蚣（半条，酒炙令干）、麝香（少许，另研）、川乌头尖（三个，生用）。
以上研成末，与麝香同研极细。每次服用半字。煎金银薄荷汤调下。
张涣急风散方：治疗撮口病。
蛇蜕皮（微炒）、干蝎梢、钩藤（各一分）。
以上捣碎，过筛成细末。接着准备：
朱砂（一分，细研、水飞）、好麝香、牛黄（各半钱。并研极细）。
以上拌匀，再研为细末。每次服用一字。取竹沥一到两点，同乳汁调下。
The *Qianjin Fang* (Thousand Gold Formulas) states: When a child is first born, the flesh and bones have not yet consolidated, and the muscle tissue is essentially blood. Only when the blood coagulates and hardens does it become muscle. If the blood becomes corrupted and fails to nourish the muscles, it causes the face, eyes, and areas around the nose and mouth to turn yellow, accompanied by crying. Symptoms such as closed eyes, pursed lips, facial contraction (cuokou), dry mouth, and inability to extend or flex the limbs are all due to the failure of blood vessels to consolidate. Such infants are difficult to rear; if these symptoms appear, Longdan Tang (Gentiana Decoction) should be administered.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* (Imperial Grace Formulas of the Taiping Era) discusses: For all newborns, three diseases must be prevented. The first is cuokou (mouth contraction), the second is jin feng (lockjaw), and the third is umbilical wind (qi feng). These are all acute conditions. Among them, cuokou is the most severe; if an infant survives past one lunar month (yi la), they may escape this calamity. One can identify cuokou by observing a red face, rapid breathing, and an inability to produce a cry. When the signs of cuokou are severe, even skilled practitioners fail to save four or five out of ten cases. However, if proper nursing care is followed and prevention is prioritized, such misfortunes will certainly be avoided.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* further states: Cuokou in infants arises from exposure to wind-heat while in the maternal womb. After birth, if the infant's qi and blood are unregulated, or if bathing exposes them to wind, or if swaddling is improper, this disease may manifest within the first month. Signs include a red face, absent crying, and difficulty breastfeeding. If the infant survives past one month, they may escape this calamity. This is a critical illness requiring immediate treatment.
Master Mao discusses the syndrome of cuokou in children. It occurs due to heat toxins contracted in the womb, combined with wind-heat, and exacerbated after birth by unregulated qi and blood, exposure to wind during bathing, and invasion by "thief wind" (pathogenic wind). Thus, it is considered a malignant syndrome.
In his work *Jiabao*, Master Wang Handong describes the syndrome of qi feng: Between three and four days after birth, an infant may develop qi feng or cuokou. This is often because the midwife was inexperienced in handling the umbilical cord, causing injury during cutting. External wind then enters through the umbilicus, resulting in qi feng and cuokou. Symptoms include inability to suckle, cyanotic complexion, absent crying, cyanotic lips, and mouth contraction. If white foam issues from the mouth and the limbs become cold, it is a malignant sign indicating poor prognosis.
Zhang Huan states: Infant fetal qi may carry heat, or the mother may transmit pathogenic heat. Alternatively, exposure to wind during postnatal bathing or improper swaddling can cause the infant to be unable to cry or breastfeed easily. This is named "cuokou bu kai" (inability to open the mouth for sucking). The condition is particularly severe within the first seven days.
The *Feixian Fang* discusses qi feng and cuokou in newborns, which are mostly caused by injury during umbilical cord cutting, allowing thief wind to enter the umbilicus. This leads to cuokou, inability to open the mouth, and inability to suckle. Symptoms include a cyanotic face, absent crying, and frequent lip pursing. If white foam is vomited and the limbs feel cold, death is inevitable.
Xiao'er Gongqi Fang: Treats cuokou in children.
Take two Bai Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus, 白僵蚕), grind into powder, mix with honey, and apply inside the infant's mouth. The condition will resolve.
The *Zimu Milu* treats cuokou in children by observing millet-grain-sized sores on the tongue.
Extract juice from Wugong (Centipede, 蜈蚣), mix with ground fingernail clippings, and apply to the inner cheeks. Fresh centipedes are preferred, but dried ones are also acceptable.
Chen Cangqi's formula for treating cuokou in children.
First, prick the corners of the infant's mouth until bleeding occurs. Crush Queweng (Sphecius speciosus nest, 雀瓮), extract the juice, and apply it. Additionally, during childbirth, if various objects are opened without keeping the mouth closed, it may predispose the infant to cuokou.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats the syndrome of lockjaw and cuokou in newborns. It is suitable to administer Gouteng San (Uncaria Powder, 钩藤散):
Gouteng (Uncaria Rhynchophylla, 钩藤), Chuan Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 川升麻), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 黄芩) (each half liang); Qiangling (Scarabaeus Siccus, 蜣螂) (two pieces, wings and feet removed, lightly stir-fried).
Grind the above ingredients and sieve into a fine powder. Take one qian per dose, add one sheng of water and one fen of Lugeng (Phragmitis Rhizoma, 芦根), decoct until only four fen remains, strain, and feed slowly while warm.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats wind-heat induced cuokou in children. A miraculous effective formula:
Baomi (White Rice, 白米) (50 grains), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 朴硝) (half qian), Chi (Fermented Soybean, 豆豉) (30 grains), Gancao (Licorice Root, 甘草) (freshly cut), Congbai (Scallion White, 葱白) (each one cun).
Decoct these in one zhong of Tongzi Xiaonai (Boy's Urine, 童子小便) until three he remain. Before the newborn takes milk, moisten cotton with the medicine and place two to seven drops into the infant's mouth. Soon, abdominal movement will occur, and meconium will be expelled. Then, provide milk. Until the seventh day, administer three to seven drops daily to permanently prevent cuokou. This is an extremely effective formula.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats cuokou. Measure the midpoint between the two nipples with a thread. Moxibustion of three zhuang at this point can revive the dying. Also use the following external formula.
Wu Luru (Donkey Milk, 乌驴乳) (one or two he); Dongyin Huaizhi (Locally sourced Locust Branch, 东引槐枝) (ten pieces, each three cun long).
Roast the locust branch over charcoal fire until half its length is burnt. When sap exudes from the unburnt part, remove and wipe it. Soak the branch in the donkey milk for a moment, then use the branch to apply the milk to the infant's mouth. This is highly effective.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats fetal heat-induced cuokou in children.
Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, 牛黄) (finely ground, one qian); Zhuli (Bamboo Juice, 竹沥) (one he).
Mix the ingredients evenly. Administer small amounts frequently.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Woniuzi (Snail Egg, 蜗牛子) (10 pieces, shells removed, ground to paste); Shiluo (Anise Seed, 莳萝) (powder, half fen).
Grind together evenly, mix with milk juice, and apply to the corners of the mouth. The condition will resolve immediately.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Shexiang (Musk, 麝香); Zhusha (Cinnabar, 朱砂) (each one fen, ground); Shetui (Snake Slough, 蛇蜕) (one chi, finely cut, lightly stir-fried).
Grind all ingredients into a fine powder. Use half a zi amount per application, adhere to the infant's lips using saliva. Apply five to seven times daily.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats cuokou and lockjaw in children.
Take one fen of Sheng Gancao (Fresh Licorice Root, 生甘草), finely chop, decoct in one small sheng of water until six fen remains, strain, and administer while slightly warm. This induces the expulsion of phlegm and saliva. Afterwards, apply Zhu Ru (Pig Milk, 猪乳) to the mouth to cure.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Finely grind Biyu Zi (Silverfish Eggs, 壁鱼子) into powder. Administer a small amount and let the infant suck it.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Extract juice from Shufu (Woodlouse, 鼠妇), and give a small amount to the infant to drink.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Chi Zu Wugong (Red-footed Centipede, 赤足蜈蚣) (one piece); Que'er Fanwengzi (Sparrow Nest Pot, 雀儿饭瓮子) (five unopened pots).
Burn together into powder, grind finely. Mix with gruel liquid and administer two zi amounts per dose.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Grind fresh Doumao (Bean Sprouts/Seedlings, 豆茅) into a paste, mix with milk juice, and feed to the infant. Alternatively, crush fresh and extract juice, giving a small amount orally is also effective.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Take three Wan Can'e (Late-season Silkworm Moth, 晚蚕蛾), roast until yellow, grind into powder, mix with honey, and apply to the mouth for effect. If a common infant suffers from toxicity, vomiting must be prevented. Use one sheng of Youma (Sesame, 油麻), remove skins, grind, and extract two he of juice. Roast half a cun of Gancao (Licorice Root, 甘草) into powder, mix with the oil while slightly warm, and divide into five doses daily. (The *Yingru Fang* and the Biyu Zi formula from the *Taiping Shenghui Fang*, along with subsequent formulas, all treat cuokou.)
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Take five Woniuzi (Snail Eggs, 蜗牛子), remove shells, extract juice, and apply to the mouth. Stop once healed.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Take unopened Sparrow Nest Pots (Que'er Fanwengzi, 雀儿饭瓮子) from Jike (Bramble, 棘科). Grind the contents with milk juice and administer via gavage.
The *Taiping Shenghui Fang* another formula:
Perforate Baixuepi (Phellodendron Bark, 柏白皮) with small holes. Place on the umbilicus. Insert moxa cones into the holes and moxibustion. The condition will resolve.
Master Wang Handong's *Jiabao*: Treats infants whose lips turn cyanotic and contract (cuokou) with white foam due to external wind invasion following umbilical cord injury. Shenmiao Dingming San (Miraculous Formula for Stabilizing Life, 神妙定命散):
Chi Jiao Wugong (Red-footed Centipede, 赤脚蜈蚣) (half a strip, wine-roasted until dry); Shexiang (Musk, 麝香) (a little, separately ground); Chuan Wutou Jian (Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata Tip, 川乌头尖) (three pieces, raw).
Grind into powder, mix thoroughly with muskin. Administer half a zi per dose. Dissolve in decoction of Jin Yinbohe (Honeysuckle and Mint, 金银薄荷汤).
Zhang Huan's Jifeng San (Urgent Wind Powder, 急风散): Treats cuokou.
Shetui Pi (Snake Slough, 蛇蜕皮) (lightly stir-fried); Gan Xie Shao (Dried Scorpion Tail, 干蝎梢); Gouteng (Uncaria Rhynchophylla, 钩藤) (each one fen).
Grind and sieve into fine powder. Next, prepare:
Zhusha (Cinnabar, 朱砂) (one fen, finely ground, water-washed); Hao Shexiang (Good Musk, 好麝香); Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, 牛黄) (each half qian, ground extremely fine).
Mix all ingredients evenly and grind again into fine powder. Administer one zi per dose. Mix with one or two drops of Zhuli (Bamboo Juice, 竹沥) and milk juice before administration.