一幼科之书几于汗牛,其惊风之传,诚多谬误。喻嘉言、陈远公、程凤雏业已辟之,指
出病痉,惜未申明病痉之由与治痉之法,仍无着落,不足服人,予兹彻底揭破,以伤寒病痉,
杂病致搐,并竭绝脱证分为三则,以搐字概之∶曰误搐,曰类搐,曰非搐。条分缕晰,证治
判然,名目既正,庶治疗不惑。周虚中曰∶开此三大法门,可济无穷夭扎。
一幼科论证,悉以阳有余,阴不足立说,乖误相承,流祸千古。后人误以婴儿为一团阳
火,肆用寒凉,伤脾败胃。古初禀受敦庞,贻害犹浅。今非昔比,怯弱者众,古方今病,每
多龃龉,是故聊为删订,非敢轻前人而执己见,盖亦因时制宜之用也。
一胎婴芽嫩之姿,乍离母腹,如水上沤、风前烛,防护稍疏,立见殇夭。而幼科所用毒劣之
方,令其暗损真元,阴阳荣卫,即侥幸得生,而精神已耗,一生虚怯,莫可补救,况复不生者多。兹
于劫夺之方,毒劣之味,概行删去,而易以反正逆从之治,无辜赤子,或可免衔冤于九地。
一《颅囟》肇于东汉卫沈,而成于宋人钱仲阳,其能用仲景地黄汤治赋禀不足,以七味
白术散治泻利作渴,岂不卓然有见。迨门人某隐其名,存浓也,假托其名,辄用霸方劫夺,致
人夭枉,遂致贻讥后世。兹为用其所长,去其所短,非敢好为节略,实所以成仲阳之初志。
一幼科惟从惊风摹拟,而伤寒门类全然遗弃。故学人但知有惊风,不知有伤寒,毫芒千
里,害岂胜言!独程凤雏能见及此。兹并纂入,以备酌用。痘疹为幼科切要,诸家多不经意,
或另立一门。学人以为源流各别,不复留心讨论,今并纂入,使知痘实幼科本有,不敢不经
心体察。
一痘科之书,如冯氏、陈氏、聂氏、翟氏、万氏,虽皆不为无见,而实繁简不侔。又惟
万氏明显,可以济急,惜原板毁于明末,康熙二年复梓者,则亥豕盈篇,鲁鱼过半,诗歌叶
韵全亡,证论先后重复,识者鄙之,予甚惜焉。因为详悉删润,纂入以成全璧。
一火功为幼科第一要务,济急无捷于此。奈从前所传,悉犯关门逐盗之戒,不惟无济,而
反有害。今以异授神火,绘图作歌,公诸同志,急迫之间,可以回春顷刻。
一治疗自有正方,其未尽者,复以经验简方并外治之法,附于方后,内有起死回生之诀,
若能留心记览,随宜酌用,其利无穷。
一是书不但为知医者设,即不知医者,亦能用之,盖理路通畅,用方简切,并无幽渺难
明之说。家置一册,可以对证调治,自利利人,不无小补。
一是书虽云编辑,而幼科家言,又未敢尽信以为确。其理明义畅,有裨实用者取之,浮
泛不切者去之,间有未妥之处,即参以鄙见,并素所经验者成全之。故难分某段为何人之言,
非敢掩人之功为己有也。盖幼科非方脉之比,以其病因疾苦,莫能告人,一匕下咽,死生立
判,故不敢不为详慎。是书斟酌去取,颇为得宜。
一是书文义荒疏,由予幼时未尝学问,只以无辜夭扎,不忍坐视,所以忘其固陋,不禁
率意言之。语虽不伦,理虚非诬,明者幸毋以是见薄,第原其忠爱之心而赐之规正,是亦
荛之幸也。
复正再识
一、关于儿科的书籍多如牛毛,其中关于惊风的流传,实在谬误很多。喻嘉言、陈远公、程凤雏已经对此进行了驳斥,指出了这是病痉(痉挛性疾病),可惜他们没有阐明病痉的原因和治疗痉证的方法,仍然没有着落,不足以让人信服。我现在彻底揭示真相,将伤寒引起的病痉、杂病导致的抽搐,以及竭绝脱证分为三类,用“搐”字来概括:称为误搐、类搐、非搐。条理分明,清晰透彻,证候与治疗截然不同,名目既然端正,那么治疗时就不会迷惑。周虚中说:开启这三大法门,可以救济无数早夭的儿童。
二、儿科论证,完全依据“阳有余,阴不足”立说,错误相承,流祸千古。后人误以为婴儿是一团阳火,肆意使用寒凉药物,损伤脾胃。古代人先天禀赋敦厚朴实,贻害尚浅。现在情况与过去不同,怯弱的人众多,古方的药性与今人的病症往往多有抵触,因此我略作删改订正,并非敢轻视前人而固执己见,这也是顺应时势制宜的应用。
三、胎婴初生,娇嫩脆弱,刚刚离开母腹,如同水面上的泡沫、风前的蜡烛,防护稍有疏忽,立刻就会死亡。而儿科所用的毒烈劣质的方剂,使其暗中损耗真元,阴阳荣卫之气受损,即使侥幸存活,精神也已耗散,一生虚弱怯懦,无法补救,何况不能存活者更多。现在对于劫夺正气之方、毒烈劣质之味,一概删除,改用顺逆从违的正治法,无辜的赤子,或许可以避免含冤九泉之下。
四、《颅囟经》始于东汉卫沈,完成于宋代钱仲阳,他能用仲景地黄汤治疗禀赋不足,用七味白术散治疗泻利口渴,难道不是卓然有见识吗?后来他的门人某隐藏其名,保留浓烈峻猛的药方,假托他的名义,动辄使用霸道方剂劫夺正气,导致人们夭折枉死,于是遭到后世的讥讽。现在我取其长处,去其短处,并非敢随意节略,实在是为了成就钱仲阳的初衷。
五、儿科只从惊风模仿模拟,而完全遗弃了伤寒门类。所以学习者只知道有惊风,不知道有伤寒,毫厘之差,千里之谬,危害岂能说得完!只有程凤雏能看到这一点。现在一并编入,以备酌情选用。痘疹是儿科的关键要点,各家大多不在意,或者另立一门。学习者认为源流各自不同,不再留心讨论,现在一并编入,使他们知道痘疹确实是儿科本有的内容,不敢不尽心体察。
六、关于痘科的书籍,如冯氏、陈氏、聂氏、翟氏、万氏,虽然都有见解,但实际繁简程度不相称。又只有万氏的著作明显,可以应急,可惜原板毁于明末,康熙二年重新刊印的,则错别字满篇,鲁鱼亥豕(文字讹误)过半,诗歌押韵全失,证论先后重复,有识之士鄙弃它,我很惋惜。因此详细删减润色,编入以成全完整的版本。
七、火功是儿科的第一要务,急救没有比这更快捷的。无奈从前所传的,都犯了“关门逐盗”(比喻不当的治疗反而留住病邪或伤害正气)的禁忌,不仅无益,反而有害。现在以异授的神火之法,绘图作歌,公之于同道中人,在紧急迫切之间,可以顷刻间起死回生。
八、治疗自有正规方剂,未尽之处,再附上经验简方及外治方法,附于方后,内有起死回生的秘诀,如果能留心记诵阅览,随宜酌情使用,利益无穷。
九、这本书不仅是为懂医的人设立的,即使不懂医的人,也能使用,因为理路通畅,用方简洁确切,并没有幽深微妙难以明白的说法。家中放置一册,可以对证调治,自利利人,不无小补。
十、这本书虽说是编辑而成,但对于儿科家言,又不敢全部相信以为确凿。其中道理明确、义理通畅、对实用有帮助的就取用,浮泛不切实际的就去除,间或有不妥之处,就参酌我的见解,并加上素来经验的案例来完善它。所以难以分辨哪段话是谁说的,并非敢掩盖别人的功劳据为己有。因为儿科不同于内科脉诊,因为病因疾苦,患儿无法诉说,一丸药下咽,生死立刻判定,所以不敢不为详细谨慎。这本书斟酌去取,颇为得当。
十一、这本书文义荒疏,由因为我幼年未曾学问,只是看到无辜儿童夭折,不忍心坐视不管,所以忘记了自己的固陋,不禁率意而言。话语虽然不合伦次,道理虚假并非诬蔑,明智的人希望不要因此轻视我,只要体谅我忠爱之心并给予规正,这也是我的幸运。
复正再次记述
1. There are numerous books on pediatrics, resembling a library that fills ox-carts and fills warehouses with sweat (a metaphor for an immense number of books). Among them, the traditions regarding "Jing Feng" (Convulsive Disease) contain many errors. Yu Jiayan, Chen Yuan Gong, and Cheng Feng Chu have already refuted these, identifying the condition as "Bing Jing" (Spasm/Cramp Disorder). However, they failed to clarify the etiology of Bing Jing and the methods for treating spasms, leaving the matter unresolved and unconvincing. I hereby thoroughly expose the truth, categorizing spasms caused by Shang Han (Cold Damage), convulsions resulting from miscellaneous diseases, and collapse syndromes into three distinct categories, summarized under the term "Chu" (Twitching/Convulsion): namely, Wu Chu (Misguided Convulsion), Lei Chu (Resembling Convulsion), and Fei Chu (Non-Convulsion). The distinctions are clear and detailed; the symptoms and treatments are distinctly different. With correct nomenclature, treatment will no longer be confused. Zhou Xuzhong stated: "Opening these three major gates can save countless children from premature death."
2. Pediatric theories have entirely relied on the doctrine of "Yang Excess and Yin Deficiency," passing down errors and causing calamities for millennia. Later practitioners mistakenly viewed infants as a mass of Yang fire, recklessly using cold and cool herbs, thereby damaging the Spleen and Stomach. In ancient times, people had robust innate endowment, so the harm was relatively shallow. Today, conditions differ from the past; weakness is prevalent. Ancient prescriptions often clash with modern pathologies. Therefore, I have made slight deletions and revisions. This is not out of disrespect for predecessors or stubborn adherence to my own views, but rather an application of adapting to the times and circumstances.
3. Newborns are tender and fragile, having just left the maternal womb. They are like bubbles on water or candles in the wind; if protection is slightly negligent, death ensues immediately. Yet, the toxic and inferior formulas used in pediatrics secretly deplete their True Yuan (Original Qi). Even if they survive by luck, their Yin-Yang, Ying (Nutritive), and Wei (Defensive) Qi are damaged. Their spirit is exhausted, leading to lifelong frailty with no remedy, let alone those who do not survive at all. Herein, I have deleted all formulas that劫夺 (plunder/rob) healthy Qi and all toxic/inferior ingredients, replacing them with treatments based on Zheng (Orthodox) and Ni (Reverse) principles. Perhaps innocent infants can avoid dying unjustly.
4. The *Lun Xin* (Cranial Fontanelle) treatise originated with Wei Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty and was completed by Qian Zhongyang of the Song Dynasty. His use of Zhang Zhongjing's Dihuang Tang (Rehmannia Decoction) for congenital insufficiency and Qiwei Baizhu San (Seven-Ingredient Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) for diarrhea with thirst demonstrates profound insight. Later, a certain disciple concealed his name, retained only the potent/pungent formulas, and falsely attributed them to Qian, frequently using domineering formulas that plundered Qi, leading to premature deaths and subsequent ridicule. I now adopt his strengths and discard his weaknesses. This is not arbitrary abridgment, but an effort to fulfill Qian Zhongyang's original intent.
5. Pediatrics has focused solely on imitating "Jing Feng," completely neglecting the category of Shang Han. Consequently, students know only of Jing Feng and ignore Shang Han. A difference of a hair's breadth leads to a thousand miles of error; the harm is incalculable. Only Cheng Feng Chu recognized this issue. I have incorporated his work here for reference. Vaccinia (Smallpox/Chickenpox) is crucial in pediatrics, yet most authors neglect it or create separate categories. Students believe the origins differ and stop discussing it. I have included it here to ensure they recognize Vaccinia as intrinsic to pediatrics and examine it carefully.
6. Books on Vaccinia, such as those by Feng, Chen, Nie, Zhai, and Wan, all possess insights, but their comprehensiveness varies. Wan's work is particularly clear and useful for emergencies. Unfortunately, the original plates were destroyed in the late Ming Dynasty. The reprint in the second year of Kangxi is riddled with textual errors (Lu Yu Hai Shi - misprinted characters), losing poetic rhymes and repeating diagnostic discussions. Scholars despise it, and I deeply regret this. I have therefore meticulously edited and polished it to complete the collection.
7. Fire therapy (Moxibustion/Fire techniques) is the primary emergency measure in pediatrics, offering no quicker alternative. However, previous transmissions violated the principle of "closing the door to chase away thieves" (retaining pathogens while expelling healthy Qi), causing harm rather than benefit. I now present the divinely transmitted divine fire techniques, illustrated and sung in verse, for colleagues. In urgent situations, it can restore life almost instantly.
8. While there are standard orthodox formulas for treatment, I have appended empirical simple formulas and external therapies where necessary. These include secrets for reviving the seemingly dead. If one studies and applies them appropriately, the benefits are infinite.
9. This book is designed not only for medical professionals but also for laypeople. The logic is clear, and the formulas are concise and practical, without obscure or difficult-to-understand theories. Keeping a copy at home allows for symptom-based regulation, benefiting both oneself and others, providing a small but significant aid.
10. Although this book is an compilation, I do not fully trust all traditional pediatric assertions. I have selected content that is logically sound, clearly explained, and practically beneficial, discarding superficial or irrelevant material. Where appropriate, I have added my own opinions and experienced cases to perfect the text. Thus, it is difficult to attribute specific passages to specific authors; this is not to claim credit for others' work. Pediatrics differs from internal medicine pulse diagnosis because infants cannot articulate their pain; a single dose determines life or death. Therefore, caution and detail are essential. The selection and exclusion in this book are well-balanced.
11. The literary quality of this book may seem rough because I lacked formal education in my youth. My motivation was simply the inability to bear seeing innocent children die prematurely. Forgetting my own limitations, I spoke impulsively. Though my language may be unrefined, my reasoning is sincere, not false. Wise readers should not despise me but rather appreciate my loyal and loving heart and offer corrections. This would be my greatest fortune.
Fu Zheng records again.