帝曰∶愿闻人之五脏卒痛，何气使然？岐伯对曰∶经脉流行不止，环周不休，寒气入经而稽迟，泣而不行，
客于脉外则血少，客于脉中则气不通，故卒然而痛。凡病心腹痛者，有上中下三焦之别。上焦者痛在膈上，此
即胃脘痛也；中焦者在中脘，脾胃间病也；下焦痛在脐下，肝肾病也。然有虚实之分，不可不辨。辨之之法，但
察其可按者为虚，拒按者为实。久病者多虚，暴病者多实；得食稍减者为虚，胀满畏食者为实；痛徐而缓，莫
得其处者为虚，痛剧而坚，一定不移者为实。虚实既确，则治有准则。
夫腹痛之证，因邪正交攻，与脏气相击而作也。有冷有热，有虫痛，有食积，辨证无讹，而施治必效。
挟冷痛者，面色或青或白，冷甚者，面色暗淡，唇口爪甲皆青。此脾气虚寒之极，轻者当归散，重者烧脾
散，有吐泻者，保童丸。
挟热痛者，面赤壮热，四肢烦，手足心热。宜四顺清凉散加青皮、枳壳；大便秘者，木香槟榔丸；大便调
者，芍药甘草汤。
食积痛者，口中气温，面黄唇白，目无精光，或白睛多，多眠恶食，大便酸臭。宜三棱丸，甚者消积丸，
下后六君子汤调之。
虫痛者，面白唇红，六脉洪大，心腹疼
痛，口中涎沫及清水出，腹内结聚成团，摸之梗起一条。小儿脾胃虚者，最多此证。宜乌梅丸。
凡腹痛喜手按及热熨者，为虚为寒，速宜温补；如手不可按者为实，速宜下之。
黄帝说：我想听听人的五脏突然疼痛，是什么气导致的？岐伯回答说：经脉中的气血运行不止，循环周身没有休止。寒气侵入经脉后，运行就会迟缓、凝涩而不通畅。如果寒气客居在脉外，就会导致血液亏少；如果寒气客居在脉中，就会导致气机阻滞不通，所以会突然发生疼痛。
凡是心腹部位的疼痛，有上焦、中焦、下焦的区别。上焦的疼痛部位在膈肌以上，这就是胃脘痛；中焦的疼痛部位在中脘处，是脾胃之间的病变；下焦的疼痛部位在脐下，是肝和肾的病变。然而，这些疼痛又有虚证和实证的区分，不能不加以辨别。辨别的方法，只需观察按压时患者是否感到舒适：可以按压的为虚证，拒绝按压的为实证。久病的人多属虚证，突发急病的人多属实证；进食后疼痛稍减的为虚证，腹胀满且畏惧进食的为实证；疼痛缓慢而轻微，且疼痛位置不固定的为虚证，疼痛剧烈且坚硬，位置固定不移的为实证。虚实既然确定明确，治疗就有准则了。
腹痛这一病症，是由于邪气与正气相互交攻，与脏腑之气相搏击而产生的。有冷痛、热痛、虫痛、食积痛等类型，只要辨证无误，施治必然有效。
夹带寒邪的疼痛，面色或青或白，寒邪严重的，面色暗淡，嘴唇、口角、指甲都发青。这是脾气极度虚寒的表现，轻症用当归散，重症用烧脾散，伴有呕吐腹泻的用保童丸。
夹带热邪的疼痛，面部发红，高热，四肢烦躁，手心脚心发热。适宜用四顺清凉散加青皮、枳壳；大便秘结的，用木香槟榔丸；大便正常的，用芍药甘草汤。
食积引起的疼痛，口中呼出气体有酸腐气味，面色黄而唇色白，眼神无光彩，或者眼白部分较多，嗜睡且厌恶进食，大便酸臭。适宜用三棱丸，严重的用消积丸，泻下后用六君子汤调理。
虫痛（寄生虫引起的疼痛），面色白而嘴唇红，六脉洪大，心腹部疼痛，口中流出涎沫及清水，腹内有结块聚集成团，触摸时感觉梗起一条硬物。小儿脾胃虚弱者，最多见这种病症。适宜用乌梅丸。
凡是腹痛喜欢用手按压以及用热敷缓解的，属于虚证或寒证，应当迅速采用温补法；如果手不可触碰按压的，属于实证，应当迅速采用泻下法。
The Yellow Emperor said: I wish to hear about the sudden pain in the five zang organs of humans; what qi causes this? Qibo replied: The flow of qi and blood in the meridians is ceaseless, circulating around the body without rest. When cold qi enters the meridians, its movement becomes sluggish, stagnant, and obstructed. If it lodges outside the vessels, blood volume decreases; if it lodges inside the vessels, qi circulation becomes blocked. Therefore, sudden pain occurs.
Regarding pain in the heart and abdomen, there are distinctions among the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), and Lower Jiao (Lower Burner). Pain in the Upper Jiao is located above the diaphragm, which is also known as epigastric pain (Wei Wan Tong); pain in the Middle Jiao is located at Zhongwan (CV12), indicating pathology between the spleen and stomach; pain in the Lower Jiao is located below the umbilicus, indicating pathology of the liver and kidneys. However, these pains must be distinguished as deficiency or excess patterns, a differentiation that cannot be overlooked. The method for differentiation is to observe whether the patient allows pressure: patterns allowing pressure are deficiency, while those rejecting pressure are excess. Chronic illnesses are mostly deficiency patterns, while acute/sudden illnesses are mostly excess patterns. Pain that slightly alleviates after eating indicates deficiency, while abdominal distension with aversion to food indicates excess. Pain that is slow and mild, with an indistinct location, indicates deficiency; pain that is severe and hard, with a fixed location, indicates excess. Once deficiency and excess are clearly determined, treatment principles can be established.
The syndrome of abdominal pain arises from the conflict between pathogenic factors and healthy qi, striking against the organ qi. It may involve cold, heat, intestinal parasites, or food stagnation. As long as pattern differentiation is accurate, treatment will be effective.
For pain accompanied by cold, the complexion may be cyanotic or pale. In cases of severe cold, the complexion is dull, and the lips, mouth corners, and fingernails turn cyanotic. This indicates extreme deficiency-cold of the spleen qi. For mild cases, Danggui San (Angelica Powder) is used; for severe cases, Shaopi San (Scorched Spleen Powder) is used; if vomiting and diarrhea are present, Baotong Wan (Child-Protecting Pill) is indicated.
For pain accompanied by heat, the face is red with high fever, the limbs are restless, and the palms and soles are hot. Six-Shun Qingliang San (Six-Compliant Cooling Decoction) added with Qingpi (Green Tangerina Peel) and Zhike (Aurantii Fructus) is suitable. If constipation is present, Muxiang Binglang Wan (Costus and Areca Nut Pill) is used. If bowel movements are normal, Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction) is used.
For pain due to food stagnation, the breath has a sour odor, the complexion is yellow with pale lips, the eyes lack luster or show excessive sclera, the child is sleepy and averse to food, and stools are sour and foul-smelling. Sanleng Wan (Curcuma Pill) is suitable; for severe cases, Xiaoji Wan (Eliminate Stagnation Pill) is used, followed by Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) for regulation after purgation.
For parasitic pain (intestinal worms), the face is white with red lips, the six pulses are surging, there is pain in the heart and abdomen, saliva and clear fluid issue from the mouth, and masses form within the abdomen, feeling like a raised ridge upon palpation. Children with weak spleen and stomach qi are most prone to this syndrome. Wumei Wan (Mume Pill) is indicated.
Abdominal pain that prefers manual pressure and hot compresses indicates deficiency or cold patterns; warm tonification should be applied promptly. Abdominal pain that cannot tolerate touch or pressure indicates excess patterns; purgation should be applied promptly.