小儿膀胱气痛肾坠，看外肾之坚软。坚结气痛者，破之；肾之松散下坠者，补之。小便
清，得热手按之便减者，温之即愈，方用盐青果一个，烧灰存性，褐子毛即羽毛，哔叽方寸
，烧过细，开水兑酒服。
一方旧酒葫芦煎水服即收。
马蔺散 治小儿疝气偏坠，坚硬痛极。
马兰花 橘核（各二钱） 青盐（五分） 莪术 川楝子 青皮 枳壳（各一钱） 木香 粉甘草（各
八分） 荔枝核（五个，烧） 八角茴（五分，引）
补中益气汤 治肾气虚坠，方见咳嗽门。
温疝丸 治疝气寒痛，偏坠等症。
故纸 胡芦巴 橘核（炒） 小茴 安桂 延胡索（炒。各一钱）
上为末，炼蜜为丸，每服二钱，开水下。
小儿小便不利，皆因肝经有热，则小便赤甚肿痛，宜用∶
八正散 治膀胱有热，小便不通。
车前子 熟军 瞿麦 蓄 木通 栀子 甘草 滑石（各一钱）
水煎服。若小便肿者，用蚯蚓泥涂之即消。轻者用∶
马鞭梢，车前草（等分） 煎水服。
一方石苇水灯芯煎水服，如服寒凉药不应者，用补气药；阴不足者，用补阴滋水药即效
有火淋、湿淋、虚淋之别。火淋者，宜服∶
五苓散 膀胱有热，小便不通，淋沥不出，作痛尿血皆治。
赤苓 生地 泽泻 条芩 甘草 当归 木通 赤芍 前仁 滑石 山栀（各一钱） 水煎
服。
如痛甚者，加大黄、海金砂。一方蚯蚓泥、滑石、甘草，泡水澄清饮之。
胃苓丸 治小儿小便初出黄色，少顷变为米泔汁者，谓之尿白，伤脾所致，久则成疳。
苍术 浓朴 广皮 白术 云苓 猪苓 泽泻 甘草（各一钱。炙） 上青桂（五分） 水煎服
二术通淋饮 治小儿湿淋，脾虚受湿，小便如米汁者。
焦术 苍术 云苓 泽泻 黄芩 连翘 木通 甘草（各一钱）
车前草为引煎服。
固肾保平煎 治虚淋。
芡实（三钱） 牡蛎（ ） 龙骨（ ） 蒲草根（各一钱）
上水煎，去渣，用猪腰子一个切片，将药水煮熟服之。
小便血用鸡屎尖白如粉者炒焦，为末，酒调，空心服下五分。
尿血乌梅烧灰存性，为末，米泔调下一钱。
小儿膀胱气痛及肾脏下坠，需观察外生殖器（睾丸）的坚硬或松软程度。若睾丸坚硬结聚且伴有气滞疼痛，应采用破气散结的方法治疗；若肾脏松散并出现下坠感，则应采用补益的方法治疗。若小便清澈，且用热手按压后症状减轻，属于寒证，采用温法即可痊愈，方剂使用盐渍青果一个，烧成炭存性，取褐色羽毛一平方寸，烧过后研成细末，用开水兑酒送服。
另一种方法是：将旧酒葫芦煎水服用，即可使下坠收回。
马蔺散：用于治疗小儿疝气偏坠，睾丸坚硬且疼痛剧烈。
处方组成：马兰花、橘核（各二钱）、青盐（五分）、莪术、川楝子、青皮、枳壳（各一钱）、木香、粉甘草（各八分）、荔枝核（五个，烧制）、八角茴香（五分，作为药引）。
温疝丸：用于治疗疝气引起的寒性疼痛、偏坠等症状。
处方组成：故纸（补骨脂）、胡芦巴、橘核（炒制）、小茴香、安桂（肉桂）、延胡索（炒制，各一钱）。
制法与用法：以上药物研为细末，用炼蜜制成丸剂，每次服用二钱，用开水送服。
小儿小便不利，多因肝经有热所致，表现为小便颜色深红、肿胀疼痛，适宜使用以下方法：
八正散：用于治疗膀胱有热导致的小便不通。
处方组成：车前子、熟大黄、瞿麦、萹蓄、木通、栀子、甘草、滑石（各一钱）。
用法：水煎服。若伴有小便部位肿胀，可用蚯蚓泥外涂，肿胀即可消退。病情较轻者，可使用：
马鞭梢、车前草（等量），煎水服用。
另一方：石苇与水灯芯煎水服用。如果服用寒凉药物无效，应改用补气药；若是阴液不足者，使用补阴滋水类药物即见效。
淋症分为火淋、湿淋、虚淋三种类型。
火淋者，适宜服用：
五苓散：用于治疗膀胱有热引起的小便不通、淋漓不尽、排尿疼痛及尿血等症状。
处方组成：赤茯苓、生地、泽泻、条芩（黄芩）、甘草、当归、木通、赤芍、车前仁（车前子）、滑石、山栀（栀子，各一钱）。
用法：水煎服。
若疼痛严重者，加大黄、海金砂。另一方：蚯蚓泥、滑石、甘草，泡水澄清后饮用。
胃苓丸：用于治疗小儿小便初排出时呈黄色，片刻后变为米泔水样的情况，称为“尿白”，此乃伤脾所致，久病可发展为疳积。
处方组成：苍术、浓朴、广皮（陈皮）、白术、云苓（茯苓）、猪苓、泽泻、甘草（各一钱，炙制）、上青桂（肉桂，五分）。
用法：水煎服。
二术通淋饮：用于治疗小儿湿淋，因脾虚受湿，小便如米汁样。
处方组成：焦术（炒白术）、苍术、云苓（茯苓）、泽泻、黄芩、连翘、木通、甘草（各一钱）。
用法：以车前草为药引，煎水服用。
固肾保平煎：用于治疗虚淋。
处方组成：芡实（三钱）、牡蛎、龙骨、蒲草根（各一钱）。
用法：以上药物加水煎煮，去渣，取一个猪腰子切片，将药水与猪腰子一起煮熟后服用。
小便出血者，可用鸡屎尖（白色如粉的部分）炒焦，研为细末，用酒调匀，空腹服用五分。
尿血者，可用乌梅烧成炭存性，研为细末，用米泔水调服一钱。
Pediatric bladder Qi pain and kidney prolapse are assessed by observing the hardness or flaccidity of the external genitalia (testes). If the testes are hard, knotted, and accompanied by Qi stagnation pain, a method to break up Qi stagnation and dissipate nodules should be used; if the kidneys are loose and exhibit a sensation of dropping, a tonifying method should be employed. If the urine is clear and symptoms are relieved by pressing with warm hands, it indicates a cold syndrome, which can be cured using warming methods. The prescription consists of one salted green olive (Canarium album var. glabrum), burned to charcoal while retaining its nature, one square cun of brown feather (brown chicken feather), burned and ground into fine powder, taken with boiled water mixed with wine.
Another method: Decoct an old gourd in water and drink it to retract the prolapse.
Malin San (Mallotus Powder): Treats pediatric hernia with unilateral descent, characterized by hard and extremely painful swelling.
Ingredients: Malan hua (Iris lactea), Ju he (Tangerine Seed, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (2 qian each), Qing yan (Green Salt) (0.5 qian), E zhu (Curcuma Rhizome), Chuan lian zi (Sichuan Chinaberry Fruit) (1 qian each), Qing pi (Green Tangerine Peel), Zhi ke (Aurantium Fruit) (1 qian each), Mu xiang (Costus Root), Fen gan cao (Powdered Licorice Root) (0.8 qian each), Li zhi he (Lychee Seed) (5 seeds, roasted), Ba jiao hui (Star Anise) (0.5 qian, as a guide drug).
Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction): Treats kidney Qi deficiency causing prolapse. This formula is detailed in the Cough Chapter.
Wen Shen Wan (Warm Hernia Pill): Treats hernia with cold pain, unilateral descent, and other symptoms.
Ingredients: Gu zhi (Kochia Seed/Bu Gu Zhi), Hu lu ba (Fenugreek Seed), Ju he (Tangerine Seed, roasted), Xiao hui (Fennel), An gui (Cinnamon Twig/Rou Gui), Yan hu suo (Corydalis Rhizome, roasted) (1 qian each).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder, form pills with refined honey. Take 2 qian per dose, washed down with boiled water.
Pediatric difficulty in urination is often caused by heat in the Liver channel, manifesting as dark red urine, severe swelling, and pain. The following treatment is suitable:
Ba Zheng San (Eight-Herb Corrective Powder): Treats urinary obstruction due to bladder heat.
Ingredients: Che qian zi (Plantago Seed), Shu jun (Prepared Rhubarb), Qu mai (Dianthus Herb), Bian xu (Polygonum Aviculare Herb), Mu tong (Akebia Stem), Zhi zi (Gardenia Fruit), Gan cao (Licorice Root), Hua shi (Talcum) (1 qian each).
Administration: Decoct in water and take. If accompanied by swelling of the urinary area, apply earthworm mud externally to reduce swelling. For mild cases, use:
Ma bian shao (Verbena Branch) and Che qian cao (Plantago Leaf/Herb) in equal proportions, decoct in water and drink.
Alternative prescription: Shi wei (Pyrrosia Leaf) and Shui deng xin (Juncus Medulla) decocted in water. If cold-natured herbs are ineffective, switch to Qi-tonifying herbs; for Yin insufficiency, Yin-tonifying and fluid-nourishing herbs will be effective.
Lin syndrome (strangury) is divided into Fire Lin, Dampness Lin, and Deficiency Lin.
For Fire Lin, it is suitable to take:
Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria): Treats urinary obstruction, dribbling, painful urination, and hematuria due to bladder heat.
Ingredients: Chi ling (Red Poria), Sheng di (Rehmannia Root), Ze xie (Alisma Rhizome), Tiao qin (Scutellaria Root/Huang Qin), Gan cao (Licorice Root), Dang gui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Mu tong (Akebia Stem), Chi shao (Red Peony Root), Qian ren (Plantago Seed), Hua shi (Talcum), Shan zhi (Gardenia Fruit) (1 qian each).
Administration: Decoct in water and take.
If pain is severe, add Da huang (Rhubarb Rhizome) and Hai jin sha (Lygodium Spore). Alternative prescription: Earthworm mud, Hua shi (Talcum), Gan cao (Licorice Root), soaked in water, clarified, and drunk.
Wei Ling Wan (Stomach-Ling Pill): Treats pediatric "white urine," where urine is initially yellow upon excretion but turns like rice-washing water shortly after. This is caused by Spleen injury and may develop into infantile malnutrition (Gan syndrome) if prolonged.
Ingredients: Cang zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Nong po (Magnolia Bark), Guang pi (Tangerine Peel/Chen Pi), Bai zhu (White Atractylodes Rhizome), Yun ling (Poria), Zhu ling (Polyporus), Ze xie (Alisma Rhizome), Gan cao (Licorice Root, roasted) (1 qian each), Shang Qing gui (Cinnamon Twig/Rou Gui) (0.5 qian).
Administration: Decoct in water and take.
Er Shu Tong Lin Yin (Two-Atractylodes Unblocking Strangury Decoction): Treats pediatric Dampness Lin caused by Spleen deficiency and dampness invasion, where urine resembles rice juice.
Ingredients: Jiao zhu (Charred White Atractylodes Rhizome), Cang zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Yun ling (Poria), Ze xie (Alisma Rhizome), Huang qin (Scutellaria Root), Lian qiao (Forsythia Fruit), Mu tong (Akebia Stem), Gan cao (Licorice Root) (1 qian each).
Administration: Use Che qian cao (Plantago Leaf/Herb) as a guide drug, decoct in water and drink.
Gu Shen Bao Ping Jian (Kidney-Securing Peace-Decoction): Treats Deficiency Lin.
Ingredients: Qian shi (Euryale Seed) (3 qian), Mu li (Oyster Shell), Long gu (Dragon Bone/Fossilized Bones), Pu gen cao (Iris Rhizome) (1 qian each).
Administration: Decoct in water, remove dregs. Slice one pig kidney, cook it thoroughly in the medicinal liquid, and consume.
For blood in urine: Roast the white tip of chicken droppings (resembling powder) until charred, grind into powder, mix with wine, and take 0.5 fen on an empty stomach.
For hematuria: Burn Wu mei (Chinese Plum) to charcoal while retaining its nature, grind into powder, and take 1 qian mixed with rice-washing water.