总括
小儿痫证，类乎痉风惊风者。谓发时昏倒抽搐，痰涎壅盛，气促作声，与痉惊二证相似。但四肢柔软，一食之顷即
醒，依然如无病之状。非若痉风一身强硬，终日不醒也。有阴痫见脏阴证，有阳痫见腑阳证，有惊痫因惊热，痰痫因痰，
食痫因食，风痫因风，其证不一，治亦不同，宜详辨之。
阴痫
阴痫属阴，藏寒之病也，多因慢惊风之后，疾入心包而得。发时四肢厥冷，偃卧拘急，面色白青，口吐涎沫，声音
微少，脉来沉细。轻者醒脾汤，甚者固真汤，病退调理，用定痫丹最灵。
阳痫
阳痫属阳，腑热之病也。多因急惊去风下痰不净，久而致成此症。发时身热自汗，仰卧面赤，脉象数洪，牙关噤急，
啼叫不已，口吐涎沫。如风兼热者，用龙胆汤。肝经热者，用泻青丸。痰涎壅盛者，与四制抱龙丸主之。
惊痫
小儿惊痫之证，乃心肝热盛，偶被惊邪所触，因而神气溃乱，遂成痫证。发时吐舌急叫，面色乍白乍红，悚惕不安，
如人将捕之状。宜安神为主，先服大青膏，次服镇惊丸，其效再灵。
痰痫
痰痫者，因小儿平素自己多痰，或偶因惊热，遂致成痫。发时痰涎壅盛，在喉间气促昏倒，口吐痰沫。宜先服一捻
金，以急下其痰，次与朱衣滚痰丸，则气顺痰清，而痫自止矣。
食痫
食痫者，其病在脾。因小儿乳食过度，停积中脘，乘一时痰热壅盛，乃使之而然。面黄腹满，吐利酸臭，后变时时
发搐，宜用妙圣丹主之。痰盛者，朱衣滚痰丸主之。后用清热和胃丸，则积滞清而惊痫安矣。
风痫
风痫因汗出脱衣，腠理开张，其风乘隙而入经中。发时二目青黯，面色淡红，十指屈伸，如数物状。治法宜先疏风
解表，轻则化风丹主之，重则羌活桂枝汤主之。风兼痰者，牛黄丸则宁也。
总括
小儿痫证，其表现类似于痉风、惊风。所谓“发时昏倒抽搐，痰涎壅盛，气促作声”，与痉证、惊证相似。但区别在于：患儿四肢柔软，片刻之间即可苏醒，醒来后依然如同无病之人。这与痉风不同，痉风表现为全身僵硬，终日不醒。痫证有阴痫，表现为脏寒之象；有阳痫，表现为腑热之象；还有因受惊而致的惊痫、因痰浊而致的痰痫、因饮食积滞而致的食痫、因外感风邪而致的风痫。其证候不一，治疗方法也各不相同，应当仔细辨别。
阴痫属于阴证，是脏腑虚寒的疾病，多因慢惊风（慢性惊厥）之后，病邪深入心包络所致。发作时四肢厥冷，身体仰卧且肢体拘挛紧急，面色苍白或青暗，口吐涎沫，声音微弱，脉象沉细。病情较轻者，使用醒脾汤；病情严重者，使用固真汤。待病势减退后调理，服用定痫丹最为灵验。
阳痫属于阳证，是六腑热盛的疾病。多因急惊风（急性惊厥）治疗时祛风化痰不彻底，日久演变而成此症。发作时身体发热，自然出汗，仰卧且面部潮红，脉象数而洪大，牙关紧闭紧急，啼哭叫喊不止，口吐涎沫。若兼有风邪和热邪者，使用龙胆汤。若为肝经热盛者，使用泻青丸。若痰涎壅盛者，以四制抱龙丸为主治方。
小儿惊痫之证，是由于心肝热盛，偶然受到惊恐邪气的触动，导致神气溃乱，从而形成痫证。发作时伸舌急叫，面色忽白忽红，惊恐不安，好像被人追捕的样子。治疗应以安神为主，先服用大青膏，再服用镇惊丸，疗效非常显著。
痰痫，是因为小儿平时体内痰多，或者偶然因受惊受热，从而导致癫痫。发作时痰涎壅盛，阻塞喉间，呼吸急促并昏倒，口吐痰沫。治疗应先服用一捻金，以迅速攻下痰浊，接着服用朱衣滚痰丸，使气机顺畅、痰浊清除，痫证自然停止。
食痫，病位在脾。因为小儿乳食过度，停滞积聚在中脘（胃脘部），乘着一时痰热壅盛之机而发病。表现为面色萎黄，腹部胀满，呕吐腹泻且有酸臭味，随后变为时时发生抽搐。宜用妙圣丹主治。若痰盛者，以朱衣滚痰丸主治。之后服用清热和胃丸，则积滞清除，惊痫得以安宁。
风痫是因为出汗后脱去衣物，腠理（皮肤毛孔）开张，风邪乘隙侵入经络之中。发作时双目青暗，面色淡红，十指屈伸，像是要数东西的样子。治疗方法宜先疏风解表，病情轻者以化风丹主治，病情重者以羌活桂枝汤主治。若风邪兼夹痰浊者，服用牛黄丸即可平息。
General Overview
Pediatric epilepsy (Xian Zheng) resembles spasmic wind (Jing Feng) and convulsive wind (Jing Feng). It is characterized by sudden collapse, convulsions, accumulation of phlegm and saliva, rapid breathing with abnormal sounds, which are similar to the presentations of spasm (Jing) and convulsion (Jing). However, in epilepsy, the limbs remain soft, and the child regains consciousness within a short period, appearing as healthy as before. This differs from spasmic wind, where the body becomes rigid and the patient remains unconscious for a long time. Epilepsy can be classified into Yin epilepsy, presenting signs of Zang-organ cold; Yang epilepsy, presenting signs of Fu-organ heat; as well as fright-induced epilepsy (Jing Xian), phlegm-induced epilepsy (Tan Xian), food-induced epilepsy (Shi Xian), and wind-induced epilepsy (Feng Xian). The syndromes vary, and treatments differ accordingly; careful differentiation is required.
Yin Epilepsy
Yin epilepsy belongs to the Yin category and is a disease of internal cold due to deficiency. It often arises after slow convulsion (Man Jing Feng), with pathogenic factors entering the Pericardium. During an attack, the limbs are cold, the body lies supine with stiffness and spasms, the complexion is pale or bluish, there is salivation, the voice is weak, and the pulse is deep and fine. For mild cases, Xingpi Tang (Spleen-Awakening Decoction) is used; for severe cases, Guzhen Tang (Solidify the True Decoction) is indicated. After the acute phase subsides, Dingxian Dan (Epilepsy-Calming Pill) is most effective for recovery.
Yang Epilepsy
Yang epilepsy belongs to the Yang category and is a disease of Fu-organ heat. It often results from incomplete resolution of wind and phlegm during the treatment of fast convulsion (Ji Jing Feng), persisting over time. During an attack, the body is hot with spontaneous sweating, the head is held high with a red face, the pulse is rapid and surging, the jaw is tightly clenched, there is incessant crying and shouting, and salivation occurs. If wind and heat are combined, Longdan Tang (Gentian Decoction) is used. If liver meridian heat is present, Xieqing Wan (Drain Green Pill) is indicated. If phlegm and saliva are abundant, Sizhi Baolong Wan (Four-Processed Bao Long Pill) is the primary treatment.
Fright Epilepsy
The syndrome of pediatric fright epilepsy is caused by excessive heat in the Heart and Liver, triggered accidentally by fright pathogens, leading to chaotic Shen (Spirit) and Qi, resulting in epilepsy. During an attack, the tongue protrudes, there is urgent crying, the complexion fluctuates between pale and red, and the child appears terrified and restless, as if being pursued. Treatment should focus on calming the Spirit. First, Daqing Gao (Big Blue Ointment) is administered, followed by Zhenjing Wan (Convulsion-Calming Pill), which yields excellent results.
Phlegm Epilepsy
Phlegm epilepsy occurs because children normally have excessive phlegm, or it develops due to occasional fright and heat. During an attack, phlegm and saliva accumulate excessively, obstructing the throat, causing rapid breathing and fainting, with foamy saliva expelled from the mouth. Treatment should first employ Yiniang Jin (One Pinch Gold) to rapidly purge the phlegm, followed by Zhuyi Guntan Wan (Cinnabar-Coated Rolling Phlegm Pill), so that Qi flows smoothly, phlegm clears, and epilepsy ceases.
Food Epilepsy
Food epilepsy involves the Spleen. It is caused by excessive milk and food intake in children, leading to stagnation in the Middle Jiao (Zhongwan), which triggers the condition when accompanied by temporary accumulation of phlegm and heat. Symptoms include sallow complexion, abdominal distension, vomiting and diarrhea with sour odor, followed by intermittent convulsions. Miaosheng Dan (Miraculous Sage Pill) is the primary treatment. If phlegm is abundant, Zhuyi Guntan Wan is used. Subsequently, Qingre Hewei Wan (Clear Heat and Harmonize Stomach Pill) is administered to resolve stagnation and calm the fright-epilepsy.
Wind Epilepsy
Wind epilepsy occurs when sweat leads to clothing removal, opening the Couli (pores), allowing wind pathogens to enter the meridians. During an attack, the eyes appear dark blue, the complexion is pale red, and the ten fingers flex and extend as if counting objects. The treatment method should first dispel wind and release the exterior. For mild cases, Huafeng Dan (Wind-Transforming Pill) is used; for severe cases, Qianghuo Guizhi Tang (Notopterygium and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated. If wind is combined with phlegm, Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill) will bring peace.