典藏书目

*Quan Ying Fang* records that scrotal swelling and testicular enlargement in infants result from crying and anger, causing qi rebellion and obstruction, which exploits deficiency to enter the lower jiao, leading to unilateral enlargement of the testis. Additionally, excessive consumption of sweet, fatty foods and raw/cold items generates *Gan* syndrome (malnutrition syndrome due to digestive dysfunction). The stagnant *Gan* qi fails to circulate and flows into the genital region. Alternatively, exposure to summer-heat toxicity or wind-pathogens causes blood and qi to contend with pathogenic factors, stagnating and accumulating without dispersing, thus forming scrotal swelling.

Ren Zhai states that if Kidney channel qi is deficient, or if one sits on cold stones for long periods allowing cold qi to coagulate, or stays near the ground for extended periods suffering from wind-dampness invasion, it is rare for scrotal swelling not to occur. Occasionally, intense crying and anger cause qi closure and accumulation in the lower body, combined with obstructed water passages, also triggering this disease. Treatment primarily employs *Tao Ren Wan* (Peach Kernel Pill).

Dan Xi posits that for prolapse accompanied by large, hanging scrotal swelling that does not retract, powdered perilla stems and leaves should be mixed with water, wrapped in a lotus leaf, and applied externally. Someone transmitted this formula: using wild white perilla powder, apply directly when moist, or mix with sesame oil when dry. Even in cases of skin ulceration and testicular descent, it yields miraculous effects. The use of perilla here likely shares the same therapeutic efficacy.

*Yuan Bing Shi* records that involuntary urination belongs to cold patterns. *Nei Jing* states that "inability to restrain" constitutes enuresis. Ren Zhai explains that urine is the residue of body fluids; the Kidneys govern water, and the Bladder is the fu organ of fluids. When both Kidneys and Bladder are deficient, cold qi exploits this weakness, failing to constrain water, resulting in uncontrolled urinary discharge, termed enuresis; spontaneous leakage during sleep is termed bedwetting. These are caused by dual deficiency of Kidneys and Bladder complicated by cold. Treatment primarily employs *Zhi Chang San* (Tender Intestine Powder). However, heat pathogens lodging in the Kidney region and interfering with the Foot Jueyin Liver channel can cause severe congestion at the urethral meatus. If qi and blood cannot circulate freely, flaccidity and numbness ensue, rendering neural function useless, so fluids seep into the Bladder and are involuntarily lost. This scenario must also be recognized.

Ren Zhai states that infants' urine appearing white like rice washings results from irregular feeding damaging the Spleen, causing failure to distinguish clear from turbid substances, resulting in white coloration. Prolonged occurrence leads to *Gan* syndrome. This is also attributed to latent heat in the Heart and Diaphragm. *Quan Ying Fang* notes: urine initially slightly red then turning turbid white indicates heat-*Gan* pathogens; urine initially yellow-white then turning turbid white indicates cold-*Gan* signs. Cold patterns are treated primarily with *Yi Huang San* (Benefit Yellow Powder); heat patterns with *Niu Huang Wan* (Calculus Bovis Pill); mixed cold-heat patterns with *Lu Hui Wan* (Aloe Pill); pure turbid white discharge with *Nong Po Wan* (Thick Bark Pill). For various conditions involving fluid depletion approaching *Gan* syndrome with white urine, *Fu Ling San* (Poria Powder) may be used.