（凡疮发于秋冬为逆当纯阴之时也）
足胫冷 腹虚胀 粪青色 面 白 呕乳食 目睛青 脉沉微
以上七证，不
宜服寒药。
痘疮盛出，四肢逆冷或自利，系在太阴脾经，宜急温之，用异功散（出不快）、附子
理中汤（泻）、调中丸（泻）。痘疮平塌，灰白色不泽，此是正气不足，宜十补托里散，倍
黄、加熟附子。或四肢厥冷，时作搐搦，系在厥阴，宜温之异功散（出不快）加防
风、青皮，或白术散（渴）去干葛、藿香，加附子、肉桂。
痘疮证，有阳盛阴虚，有阴盛阳虚，阳盛者饮冰雪不知寒，阴盛者饮沸汤不
知热。凡发热作渴，手足逆冷，大便自利，喜饮热汤，皆阴盛阳虚也，薛氏用大
异功散（出不快）、八味丸治之。若发热作渴，而大便秘结，手足并热，喜饮冷水，皆
阳盛阴虚也，薛氏用四顺饮（热）、地黄丸（肾）、治之。若烦热作渴，面赤睛白，此为肾经
虚热，亦宜地黄丸之类。陈文中治阴盛阳虚用大异功散加木香、当归、以补阳是
矣，治阳盛阴虚，用木香散加丁香、官桂、以补阴，不为以火济火乎，此陈氏方
所以为一偏之术，而见讥于前哲也。学人不察，而误用之，夭枉可胜道哉。
凡疮疹已出后有声音者，乃形病而气不病也，身温者宜解毒防风汤（大法），大便闭
者宜当归丸（便秘）。疮疹未出，先声音不出者，乃形不病而气病也，宜补肺散（失音）加生
黄。若疮疹出而声音不出者，是形气俱病也，小儿禀赋素弱者宜预服十奇散（即
十宣散见起发）倍归、芎、少木香煎服。（或云，宜十补散，或大异功散，或云形气俱病者、当
清其肺，宜八风汤，并凉膈散去硝黄主之。）
足胫发冷，腹部虚胀，大便呈青色，面色苍白，呕吐乳汁和食物，眼珠发青，脉象沉微。
以上七种症状，不宜服用寒凉药物。
痘疮旺盛发出时，如果四肢逆冷或自行腹泻，病位在太阴脾经，应当紧急温补，使用异功散（适用于痘出不快）、附子理中汤（适用于腹泻）、调中丸（适用于腹泻）。痘疮平塌不起，颜色灰白无光泽，这是正气不足，宜用十补托里散，加倍黄芪用量，并加入熟附子。如果出现四肢厥冷，时常发生抽搐，病位在厥阴，宜用异功散（适用于痘出不快）加防风、青皮，或者用白术散（适用于口渴）去掉干葛、藿香，加入附子、肉桂。
痘疮的病证，有阳盛阴虚的情况，也有阴盛阳虚的情况。阳盛的人喝冰雪水不觉得寒冷，阴盛的人喝沸水不觉得热。凡是发热且口渴，手足逆冷，大便自行泄泻，喜欢喝热汤的，都属于阴盛阳虚，薛氏用大异功散（适用于痘出不快）、八味丸治疗它。如果发热口渴，但大便秘结，手足都热，喜欢喝冷水，都属于阳盛阴虚，薛氏用四顺饮（适用于热证）、地黄丸（补肾）治疗它。如果烦热口渴，面红目白，这是肾经虚热，也宜用地黄丸之类的方剂。陈文中治疗阴盛阳虚用大异功散加木香、当归，来补阳气，这是对的；但治疗阳盛阴虚，却用木香散加丁香、官桂，来补阴，这难道不是以火救火吗？这就是陈氏的方药之所以被视为偏颇之术，而被前代哲人讥讽的原因。学习中医的人如果不明察，而误用了这些方药，导致夭折枉死的情况，哪里说得完呢。
凡是疮疹已经发出后还有声音的，是形体有病而气机未病，身体温暖的宜用解毒防风汤（通用大法），大便闭结的宜用当归丸（治疗便秘）。疮疹尚未发出，先出现声音不出来的，是形体未病而气机已病，宜用补肺散（治疗失音）加生黄芪。如果疮疹发出了但声音不出来，这是形和气都病了，小儿先天禀赋素来虚弱的，宜预先服用十奇散（即十宣散，见起发章节），加倍当归、川芎，少加木香煎服。（有人说，宜用十补散，或者大异功散，或者说形气俱病者，应当清肺，宜用八风汤，以及去掉硝黄的凉膈散主治。）
(Whenever sores or rashes erupt during autumn and winter, it is considered a "reverse" condition, as this corresponds to the time of pure Yin.)
Coldness in the lower legs and shins, abdominal distension due to deficiency, green-colored stool, pale complexion, vomiting of milk and food, bluish-green eyes, and a deep and faint pulse.
For the above seven signs, cold-natured medicines should not be administered.
When smallpox lesions are erupting vigorously, if there is cold reversal of the four limbs or spontaneous diarrhea, the pathogen is in the Taiyin Spleen Meridian; urgent warming is required. Use Yigong San (for slow eruption), Fuzi Lizhong Tang, or Tiaozhong Wan (for diarrhea). If the smallpox lesions are flat and collapsed with a grayish-white lusterless appearance, this indicates insufficiency of righteous Qi; Shibu Tuoli San should be used, doubling the dosage of Huangqi and adding Shu Fuzi. If there is cold reversal of the four limbs accompanied by occasional convulsions, the pathogen is in the Jueyin; warming is indicated using Yigong San (for slow eruption) added with Fangfeng and Qingpi, or Baizhu San (for thirst) with Gan Ge and Huoxiang removed, and Fuzi and Rougui added.
In smallpox syndromes, there are cases of Yang excess with Yin deficiency, and cases of Yin excess with Yang deficiency. Those with Yang excess drink ice and snow without feeling cold; those with Yin excess drink boiling water without feeling heat. Any case presenting with fever and thirst, cold reversal of the hands and feet, spontaneous diarrhea, and a preference for drinking hot soup belongs to Yin excess with Yang deficiency. Xue uses Da Yigong San (for slow eruption) and Bawei Wan to treat it. If there is fever and thirst, but with constipation, hot hands and feet, and a preference for drinking cold water, this belongs to Yang excess with Yin deficiency. Xue uses Sishun Yin (for heat) and Dihuang Wan (tonifying Kidney) to treat it. If there is vexatious heat and thirst, with a red face and white sclera, this is deficient heat in the Kidney Meridian; Dihuang Wan or similar formulas are also appropriate. Chen Wenzhong treated Yin excess with Yang deficiency using Da Yigong San added with Muxiang and Danggui to tonify Yang, which was correct. However, for Yang excess with Yin deficiency, he used Muxiang San added with Dingxiang and Guanzi Gui to tonify Yin; is this not treating fire with fire? This is why Chen’s prescriptions were regarded as one-sided methods and ridiculed by earlier philosophers. Scholars who fail to examine this carefully and misuse them—how can one count the premature deaths caused?
If voice remains present after sores and rashes have erupted, it means the form is diseased but the Qi is not diseased. For those with warm bodies, Jiedu Fangfeng Tang (general principle) is suitable; for those with constipation, Danggui Wan (for constipation) is suitable. If voice is absent before sores and rashes erupt, it means the form is not diseased but the Qi is diseased; Bufei San (for loss of voice) added with Sheng Huangqi is suitable. If sores and rashes have erupted but voice is absent, this indicates that both form and Qi are diseased. For children with inherently weak congenital endowment, Shiqi San (i.e., Shixuan San, see the section on rising) should be taken in advance, doubling the dosage of Danggui and Xiong, with a small amount of Muxiang, decocted and taken orally. (Some say Shibu San or Da Yigong San is suitable; others state that when both form and Qi are diseased, the Lung should be cleared, using Bafeng Tang or Liangge San with Xiaoshi and Huanglian removed.)