庞安常曰。癖者。血膜包水。侧僻于胁旁。时时作痛也。惟癖为能发热。为能生寒热。故疟家中脘。多蓄黄水。日
久而腹结癖。寒热不已。有是疾者。由乳哺失调。三焦关格。以致水饮停滞肠胃。如冷气搏之。则结聚成癖。轻者积滞
木香丸。重者取癖丸。
王肯堂曰。茅先生论。儿生五月至七岁。有结癖在腹。成块如梅核大。来去。或似卵大。常叫痛者。左胁下名 气。
右胁下名癖气。用蓬莪术散夹健脾饮服即愈。如面黑。目直视。泻黑血。口鼻手足冷。不进食者死。
太阴脾脏。奠安一身。论其职掌。化宿消陈。滋荣脏腑。灌液布津。上承胃纳。表里相循。下输大肠。传送频频。
土为物母。乃见其真。本脏气虚。虚则寒因。虚寒相搏。或又湿屯。水谷所入。莫与磨磷。久则成积。腹痛胀 。吞
酸呕吐。昏冒其神。夜必发热。肚热眉颦。当须识此。食积是论。若有外感。益觉 。夹食伤寒。寒热吟呻。先消其
食。发汗溱溱。寒热自止。宁至经旬。脾肾虚败。泻必侵晨。脾胃实热。渴咽燥唇。此皆食积。脾病灾亲。或则伤饱。
脾气不伸。积留日久。溃败濡沦。变成食利。脓积维均。微痛微胀。肚腹内堙。法从积滞。调理是遵。夫
然后愈。病得回春。
鳌按。小儿之病。多由乳食未化。即或六淫相干成疾。亦必兼宿食。故另出食积一门。不混于积癖条内。
庞安常说：癖病，是由血膜包裹水液，侧偏于胁肋旁边，时常发作疼痛。只有癖病能够引起发热，能够产生寒热往来的症状。所以疟疾患者的中脘部位，往往蓄积黄水，日久形成腹内结块成癖，导致寒热症状持续不止。患有这种疾病的，是因为乳食喂养失调，导致三焦气机闭塞不通，致使水饮停滞在肠胃之中，如同冷气搏击一样，从而结聚形成癖病。病情轻的，用积滞木香丸治疗；病情重的，用取癖丸治疗。
王肯堂说：根据茅先生的论述，婴儿从五个月到七岁期间，腹部有结癖，形成的肿块像梅核那么大，时来时去，或者像卵黄那么大，经常呼叫疼痛的，位于左胁下的称为“气”，位于右胁下的称为“癖气”。使用蓬莪术散配合健脾饮服用即可痊愈。如果面色发黑，眼睛直视，泻下黑血，口鼻手足冰冷，不能进食的，属于死证。
太阴脾脏，安定全身。论及其职能，是消化宿食、消除陈腐，滋养荣润脏腑，布散津液，上承接胃的受纳功能，表里相互循环，向下输送到大肠，频繁地传送糟粕。土是万物的母体，由此才显现出它的真谛。本脏脾气虚弱，虚则生寒因由，虚与寒相互搏结，或者又有湿气屯积。进入体内的水谷，没有人帮助研磨消化，久而久之形成积滞，出现腹痛、腹胀、吞酸、呕吐，神志昏蒙，夜间必然发热，肚脐周围发热、眉头紧皱。应当认识这一点，这是关于食积的论述。如果有外感邪气，更加觉得不适，属于夹食伤寒，出现寒热往来、呻吟痛苦的症状。应当先消导食积，然后发汗，汗出淋漓，寒热症状自然停止。即使经过十天半个月，如果是脾肾虚败，腹泻必定发生在清晨（五更泻）。如果是脾胃实热，会出现口渴、咽喉干燥、嘴唇干裂。这些都是食积引起的，是脾病的灾祸根源。或者是饮食过饱，脾气不能舒展，积滞留存日久，导致溃败濡湿，变成食利（因伤食导致的泄泻），脓积程度相当，轻微疼痛、轻微腹胀，感觉肚腹内部堵塞不通。治疗方法应从积滞入手，遵循调理的原则，这样之后才能痊愈，疾病得以康复。
沈金鳌按语：小儿的疾病，多由乳食未能消化引起，即使有六淫邪气干扰致病，也必定兼有宿食。因此单独列出“食积”这一门类，不混杂在“积癖”条目之内。
Pang Anchang stated: Pi (masses in the hypochondrium) refers to blood membranes wrapping around fluid, located laterally beside the hypochondrium, causing intermittent pain. Only Pi can cause fever and generate alternating chills and fever. Therefore, patients with malaria often have yellow fluid accumulating in the Zhongwan (CV12) region. Over time, this leads to abdominal masses (Pi), resulting in persistent chills and fever. Those suffering from this condition do so because of improper breastfeeding or feeding, leading to obstruction of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) qi mechanism, causing water and fluids to stagnate in the stomach and intestines. As if attacked by cold qi, these fluids condense to form Pi. For mild cases, Jizhi Muxiang Wan (Accumulation Stagnation Costus Pill) is used; for severe cases, Qu Pi Wan (Remove Pi Pill) is prescribed.
Wang Kentang stated: According to Mr. Mao’s discussion, infants from five months to seven years of age may develop abdominal masses. These masses are as large as a plum pit, appearing and disappearing, or as large as an egg yolk, accompanied by frequent crying due to pain. If located under the left hypochondrium, it is called Qi (Qi mass); if under the right hypochondrium, it is called Pi Qi (Pi Qi mass). Taking Peng E Zhu San (Curcuma Longa Powder) combined with Jian Pi Yin (Spleen-Strengthening Decoction) will lead to recovery. However, if the face is dark, eyes are fixed and staring, black blood is passed in stool, mouth, nose, hands, and feet are cold, and the patient cannot eat, death ensues.
The Taiyin Spleen organ stabilizes the whole body. Regarding its functions, it transforms old food and eliminates stale matter, nourishes and enriches the Zang-Fu organs, distributes fluids and disseminates Jin-Ye (body fluids), receives input from the Stomach above, circulates between the interior and exterior, and transports waste downward to the Large Intestine frequently. Earth is the mother of all things, revealing its true nature here. When the Spleen Qi is deficient, deficiency leads to cold. Deficiency and cold interact, or dampness accumulates. The ingested water and grain lack assistance in grinding and digesting. Over time, accumulation forms, causing abdominal pain, distension, acid regurgitation, vomiting, mental confusion, night fevers, heat in the abdomen, and furrowed brows. One must recognize this; this discusses Shi Ji (Food Accumulation). If there is an external pathogenic invasion, discomfort increases, constituting Cold Damage with Food Accumulation (Jia Shi Shang Han), presenting with alternating chills and fever and groaning. First, resolve the food accumulation, then induce sweating profusely (Zhen Zhen), after which the chills and fever will cease naturally. Even if it lasts for ten days, if Spleen and Kidney deficiency and failure occur, diarrhea must invade at dawn (early morning). If there is Spleen and Stomach excess-heat, there will be thirst, dry throat, and dry lips. All these are disasters related to Food Accumulation and Spleen disease. Alternatively, overeating causes Spleen Qi to fail to extend and move freely. Accumulation remains for a long time, leading to deterioration and dampness, transforming into Shi Li (Food-induced Diarrhea). The severity of pus and accumulation is comparable, with slight pain and slight distension, feeling blocked inside the abdomen. The method should follow treating accumulation and stagnation, adhering to regulation and adjustment. Only then can one recover, and the illness return to spring (health).
Shen Jin'ao added: Children's diseases mostly arise from undigested milk and food. Even if illnesses are caused by the Six Excesses (Liu Yin) interfering, they must also involve retained food. Therefore, "Food Accumulation" is listed as a separate category, not mixed within the "Masses and Accumulations" section.