小儿唇红如丹即发渴。红甚焦黑则危笃。若三焦烦热作渴。导赤散。风热。泻青丸。虚烦懊
。栀子豉汤。虚烦不得眠。酸枣汤。夜甚者。当归补血汤。伤寒后唇口焦者。竹叶石膏汤。泻
利作渴。五苓散。暑伤心脾。烦渴引饮者。人参白虎汤。下利脾虚作渴。七味白术散。热结膀胱。
小便秘渴。五苓散。上焦虚热。四君子汤。膏粱积热。清胃散。脾虚积热。泻黄散。中气虚热。
异功散。肾水虚热。六味丸。慎勿误用寒凉降火。脾胃复伤。则腹胀而为败证矣。
小儿腠理疏薄。常时微汗。但不宜过多。亦不可衣被过浓。使汗大出。若睡中出汗名盗汗。
止汗散。遍身多汗烦热为胃热。三补丸。胃虚汗者。上至项下至脐也。益黄散。六阳虚汗者。上
至头下至项。乃禀赋不足。保元汤加防风、白术。小儿元气未充。腠理不密。或饮食停滞。或浓
衣温暖。热郁心包而津液妄泄也。导赤散。血虚。用人参、当归等分煎服。名团参汤。其盗汗属
胃经虚热者。五味异功。肾经虚热者。六味丸。若寒水侮土。益黄散。设泛行施治。误损脾胃多
成疳瘵。大凡汗多亡阳。必至角弓反张。颈项痉强。用十全大补。多有生者。
夫人身之神。贵于脏而默用。见于外则内虚也。其证皆由脾气有亏。运化失职。湿热留于肌
肤。发而为瘅。钱仲阳所谓身痛背强。二便涩滞。遍身面目爪甲皆黄。小便褐色是也。治法。宜
固脾为先。如专用克伐宽中淡泄利水之药。则鲜有不致危者。若初生及百日之中。半旬之内。不
因病而身黄者。胃热胎黄也。腹大食土。为脾疳。兼作渴冷冻饮料。泻黄散。小便不利。五苓散加茵
陈。大便秘。茵陈蒿汤。病后发黄。肢体浮肿。白术散。清便自调。肢冷嗜卧。益黄散。身淡黄
白。理中丸加茵陈。身热膈满。肌肤面目皆黄。泻黄散加枳壳、生姜。若闭目壮热。多哭不已。
大小便赤涩。口中热气。乃妊母浓味遗毒也。母子并服清胃散、生料地黄丸。忌酒面五辛热物。
倘误伤脾土。急则惊风吐泻。缓则肢体浮肿。小便不利。眼目障闭。多成疳疾矣。又有脾虚发黄
者。当于脾胃中求之。
小儿嘴唇红润如朱砂色，随即出现口渴。若唇色红得厉害甚至焦黑，则病情危重。若是三焦烦热引起的口渴，用导赤散。风热所致者，用泻青丸。虚烦懊恼者，用栀子豉汤。虚烦导致无法入睡者，用酸枣汤。夜间症状加重者，用当归补血汤。伤寒病后嘴唇口角焦枯者，用竹叶石膏汤。腹泻痢疾引起口渴者，用五苓散。暑邪损伤心脾，烦渴且大量饮水者，用人参白虎汤。下利（腹泻）因脾虚引起口渴者，用七味白术散。热邪结聚膀胱，小便短少而口渴者，用五苓散。上焦虚热者，用四君子汤。过食肥甘厚味积滞生热者，用清胃散。脾虚兼有积热者，用泻黄散。中气虚弱产生虚热者，用异功散。肾阴不足产生虚热者，用六味地黄丸。务必谨慎，不要误用寒凉药物降火，否则脾胃再次受损，会导致腹胀并演变为败证。
小儿皮肤腠理疏松薄弱，平时常有微汗，但不宜出汗过多。也不应穿衣盖被过厚，以免导致大汗淋漓。如果在睡眠中出汗，称为盗汗，可用止汗散治疗。全身多汗且伴有烦热，属于胃热，用三补丸。胃虚导致的出汗，汗出范围从颈部到肚脐，用益黄散。六阳经虚导致的出汗，汗出范围从头部到颈部，这是由于先天禀赋不足，用保元汤加防风、白术。小儿元气尚未充实，腠理不紧密，或因饮食停滞，或因衣着过暖，导致热郁于心包，津液妄泄而出，用导赤散。血虚者，用人参、当归等量煎服，名为团参汤。那些盗汗属于胃经虚热的，用五味异功散；属于肾经虚热的，用六味地黄丸。若是寒水之气侮犯脾土，用益黄散。如果泛泛地随意施治，误伤脾胃，大多会形成疳积和痨瘵之症。大凡出汗过多导致亡阳，必然会出现角弓反张、颈项强直痉挛的症状，此时用十全大补汤，多有能治愈的病例。
人体内的神气，贵在藏于脏腑之中默默发挥作用，显露于外则说明内部虚弱。这类病症都是由脾气亏损，运化功能失职，湿热留滞在肌肤，发作而成黄疸。正如钱仲阳所说：身体疼痛、背部僵硬，大小便涩滞不畅，全身面目及指甲都发黄，小便呈褐色，就是这种情况。治疗方法，应以固护脾胃为先。如果专门使用攻伐、宽中、淡渗利水的药物，很少有不导致危重情况的。如果是刚出生及百日之内，在半旬（十五天）之内，不因生病而身体发黄的，是胃热胎黄。腹部胀大且吃泥土的，是脾疳。兼有口渴想喝冷饮的，用泻黄散。小便不利的，在五苓散基础上加茵陈。大便秘结的，用茵陈蒿汤。病后发黄且肢体浮肿的，用白术散。大便正常、小便自调，但四肢冰冷、嗜睡的，用益黄散。身体呈现淡黄色偏白的，用理中丸加茵陈。身体发热、胸膈痞满，肌肤面目皆黄的，用泻黄散加枳壳、生姜。如果闭目壮热，哭闹不止，大小便赤涩，口中呼出热气，这是怀孕母亲食用浓烈滋味食物遗留的毒热所致，母子同时服用清胃散、生料地黄丸。忌食酒、面食及五辛热物。倘若误伤脾土，急症时会出现惊风、吐泻，缓症时会出现肢体浮肿、小便不利、眼目遮蔽不清，大多会形成疳疾。又有因脾虚导致发黄的，应当从调理脾胃入手寻求治疗。
The infant's lips are red like cinnabar, followed by thirst. If the redness becomes severe and turns scorched black, the condition is critical. For thirst caused by vexatious heat in the San Jiao (Triple Burner), use Dao Chi San (Guide Out Red Powder Decoction). For wind-heat, use Xie Qing Wan (Drain Green Pill). For deficiency vexation with restlessness, use Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction). For deficiency vexation preventing sleep, use Suan Zao Ren Tang (Sour Jujube Seed Decoction). For symptoms worsening at night, use Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang (Angelica Sinensis Tonifying Blood Decoction). For scorched lips and mouth after a cold damage disease, use Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction). For thirst caused by diarrhea/dysentery, use Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). For summerheat damaging the Heart and Spleen, causing vexatious thirst with excessive drinking, use Ren Shen Bai Hu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction). For thirst due to Spleen deficiency following diarrhea, use Qi Wei Bai Zhu San (Seven-Ingredient Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder). For heat binding in the Bladder causing scanty urination and thirst, use Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). For deficiency heat in the Upper Jiao, use Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction). For accumulated heat from rich foods, use Qing Wei San (Clear Stomach Powder). For Spleen deficiency with accumulated heat, use Xie Huang San (Drain Yellow Powder). For deficiency heat due to Middle Qi deficiency, use Yi Gong San (Yi-Gong Powder). For deficiency heat due to Kidney Yin insufficiency, use Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill). Be cautious not to mistakenly use cold and cooling herbs to descend fire; otherwise, further injury to the Spleen and Stomach will lead to abdominal distension and a deteriorating syndrome.
The infant's skin and interstices (Cou Li) are loose and thin, often presenting with slight sweating normally, but it should not be excessive. Clothing and bedding should not be too thick to avoid profuse sweating. Sweating during sleep is called盗汗 (Dao Han, Night Sweats), treated with Zhi Han San (Stop Sweat Powder). Generalized sweating with vexatious heat indicates Stomach Heat, treated with San Bu Wan (Three-Tonic Pill). Sweating due to Stomach Deficiency, ranging from the neck to the umbilicus, is treated with Yi Huang San (Benefit Yellow Powder). Sweating due to Six Yang Meridian Deficiency, ranging from the head to the neck, results from congenital insufficiency, treated with Bao Yuan Tang (Protect Origin Decoction) added with Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) and Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome). The infant's Yuan Qi (Original Qi) is not yet full, and the Cou Li are not tight. Food stagnation or warm clothing may cause heat to郁 (stagnate) in the Xin Bao (Pericardium), leading to reckless leakage of Jin Ye (Body Fluids), treated with Dao Chi San (Guide Out Red Powder Decoction). For Blood Deficiency, equal parts of Ren Shen (Ginseng) and Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) are decocted and taken, named Tuan Shen Tang (Round Ginseng Decoction). For night sweats belonging to Stomach Meridian Deficiency Heat, use Wu Wei Yi Gong San (Five-Flavor Yi-Gong Powder); for Kidney Meridian Deficiency Heat, use Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill). If Cold Water insults Earth (Spleen), use Yi Huang San (Benefit Yellow Powder). Indiscriminate treatment that mistakenly damages the Spleen and Stomach often leads to Gan Ji (Infantile Malnutrition) and Lao Zhai (Consumption). Generally, excessive sweating leading to Wang Yang (Loss of Yang) inevitably results in Opisthotonos (Jiao Gong Fan Zhang) and neck stiffness/spasm. In such cases, using Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonification Decoction) often yields survival.
The Shen (Spirit) of the human body values residing in the Zang organs and functioning silently; appearing externally indicates internal deficiency. These syndromes all arise from Spleen Qi deficiency, failure of transformation and transportation, and damp-heat lingering in the skin, manifesting as Dan (Jaundice). As Qian Zhongyang stated: body pain, back stiffness, obstructed urination and defecation, yellowing of the whole body, face, and nails, and brown urine. The treatment method should prioritize securing the Spleen. If one exclusively uses attacking, middle-expanding, or bland-draining diuretic drugs, few cases do not become critical. For infants born within 100 days, if they turn yellow within half a xun (15 days) without illness, it is Wei Re Tai Huang (Stomach Heat Fetal Jaundice). Abdominal distension with geophagia (eating earth) indicates Pi Gan (Spleen Infarction/Gan Syndrome). Accompanied by thirst for cold drinks, use Xie Huang San (Drain Yellow Powder). With difficult urination, add Yin Chen (Artemisia Capillaris) to Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). With constipation, use Yin Chen Hao Tang (Artemisia Capillaris and Ma Huang Decoction). Post-illness jaundice with limb edema is treated with Bai Zhu San (Atractylodes Powder). With normal stool and urine, but cold limbs and lethargy, use Yi Huang San (Benefit Yellow Powder). With pale yellow-white complexion, use Li Zhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill) added with Yin Chen (Artemisia Capillaris). With fever, chest fullness, and yellowing of skin and face, use Xie Huang San (Drain Yellow Powder) added with Zhi Ke (Aurantium Fruit) and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger). If eyes are closed, with high fever, incessant crying, reddish and obstructed urination/defecation, and hot breath, this is poison left by the pregnant mother consuming rich flavors. Both mother and infant should take Qing Wei San (Clear Stomach Powder) and Sheng Liao Di Huang Wan (Raw Material Rehmannia Pill). Avoid alcohol, wheat products, and five pungent hot substances. If the Spleen Earth is mistakenly injured, acute symptoms include Jing Feng (Wind Stroke) with vomiting and diarrhea; chronic symptoms include limb edema, difficult urination, and visual obstruction, often forming Gan Ji (Infantile Malnutrition). For jaundice caused by Spleen Deficiency, one should seek treatment within the Spleen and Stomach.