足太阳之筋。为目上纲。足阳明之筋。为目下纲。热则筋纵目不开。助阳和血汤。然又有湿
热所遏者。则目胞微肿。升阳除湿防风汤。真阳不能上升者。则喜暖怕亮。补中益气汤。肝虚者
则闭目不欲见人。金匮肾气丸。各求其本而治之。
被物撞损者。或打跌撞破伤胞睑也。积血紫青。撞破白仁。伤其硬壳。此不为害。惟撞破黄
仁风轮。血灌瞳神。与水轮混杂。是为利害。或虽不破。而泪多苦如柏汁者难治。急宜酒煎散去
防己、牛蒡。加羌活、木贼。熨以葱、艾。护以清凉膏。或专以生地黄捣烂作饼。烘热贴太阳穴
及眼胞上。一日一换。以散其血。如无生地黄。用芙蓉叶捣烂烘贴。干者用鸡子清调之。若眼眶
青黑。捣生莱菔护贴。切宜避风忌口。痛甚。酒煎散加没药。渐生翳障者。犀角地黄汤换赤芍。
加大黄、当归、柴胡、连翘、甘草。若至血散。变生白翳不痛。为不治也。
惊振外障证 目被物撞触而结为外障也。与伤在膏上急者不同。初撞目时。亦有珠疼涩胀之苦。为其伤轻。而
瘀自潜消。故痛虽止而不戒禁。有所触发其火。致水不清。气滞络涩而生外障者。神消散去苍术。
加石决明。兼皂荚丸。凡外障结而珠疼。致头疼及肿胀者。皆是恶证。防变。急宜治之。
惊振内障证 因病目再被撞打。变成内障。日夜疼痛。淹淹障生。赤膜绕目不能视三光。亦
如久病内障。皂荚丸合生熟地黄丸。
物损真睛证 谓被物触打在风轮。伤有大小。色有黄白。黄者害速。白者稍迟。若触膏及破
者。必有膏汁。或青黑。或白如痰者流出。为患最急。纵然急治。瞳神虽在。亦难免欹侧之患。
如草木刺。金石屑。苗叶尖。针尖。触在风轮。必晓夜疼痛难当。急宜取出。迟则结成黄白颗。
如粟疮银星之状。绿膏水结滞而障生。先去物而治障。若伤在气轮皮内。取迟者必有瘀血灌睛。
取去物而先导之。后治余证。若视昏者。瞳神有大小欹侧之患。久而失治。目必枯凸。大凡此病。
不论大小黄白。但有泪流赤胀等证者。急而有变。珠疼头重者尤急。素有风热痰火斫丧之人。病
已内积。因外伤激动其邪。乘此为害。痛甚便涩者最凶。
飞丝入目证 谓风扬游丝。偶然触入目中而作痛也。若野蚕蜘蛛木虫之丝患尚迟。若遇金蚕
老鹳丝。其目不出三日迸裂。治飞丝入目方。用头垢点入眼中。柘树浆点过。线裹箸头。蘸水于
眼上缴拭涎毒。火麻子一合。杵碎。井水一碗浸搅。却将舌浸水中。涎沫自出神效。一方。用茄
子叶碎杵。如麻子法亦妙。飞丝入目。目胀如眯。痛涩不开。鼻流清涕。用京墨浓磨。以新笔涂
入目中。闭少时以手张开。其丝自成一块。看在眼白上。用绵轻轻卷下。未尽再涂。
物偶入睛证 谓偶然被物落在目中而痛也。切不可乘躁便擦。须按住性。待泪来满而擦。则
物润而易出。如物性重。及有芒刺而不能出者。急令人取出。不可揉擦。擦则物愈深入而难取。
至若入深。轻翻上睥取之。不取则转运阻碍。气滞血凝而病变。芒刺金石棱角之物。失取碍久。
及擦重者。则坏损轮膏。如痕HT 凝脂等病。轻则血瘀水滞。为痛为障等病。有终不得出而结于
睥内者。必须翻之寻看。因其证而治之。
眯目飞扬证 因出行间。风吹沙土入目。频多揩拭。以致气血凝滞而为病。初起泪出急涩。
渐重结为障翳。常辨形证施治。初起将绵卷簪脚。捻拨出尘物。久者翻转睥睑。看有积处。镰洗
至平。不须吹点。物落眼中。用新笔蘸缴出。治稻麦芒入眼。取蛴螬以新布覆目上。待蛴螬从布
上摩之。其芒出着布上。又法。以鸭倒悬。取涎滴入目中。其芒自出。
足太阳经的筋脉，作为眼睑的上纲；足阳明经的筋脉，作为眼睑的下纲。若受热邪则筋脉松弛，导致眼睛无法睁开，可用助阳和血汤（Zuyang Hexue Tang, Warming Yang and Nourishing Blood Decoction）治疗。然而，又有因湿热被遏制者，表现为眼睑轻微肿胀，可用升阳除湿防风汤（Shengyang Chushi Fangfeng Tang, Raising Yang and Expelling Dampness with Saposhnikovia Decoction）治疗。若是真阳不能上升者，则喜欢温暖而害怕光亮，可用补中益气汤（Buzhong Yiqi Tang, Tonify the Middle and Augment Qi Decoction）治疗。肝虚者则闭眼不愿见人，可用金匮肾气丸（Jinkui Shenqi Wan, Jin Gui Kidney Qi Pill）治疗。应当分别探求其根本原因进行治疗。
被物体撞击损伤者，或是被打跌撞破伤及胞睑（眼睑）。若积血呈紫青色，或撞破白仁（巩膜），伤及其硬壳（角膜外层/巩膜），这并不构成严重危害。只有撞破黄仁（虹膜）和风轮（黑睛/角膜），血液灌入瞳神（瞳孔），与水轮（肾/内眼结构）混杂，这才是利害所在。或者虽然未破裂，但泪水多且苦如柏汁者，难以治疗。此时急宜使用酒煎散去（Jiu Jian San Qu, Wine-Boiled Dispersion Formula）加防己（Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix）、牛蒡子（Arctii Fructus），再加羌活（Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix）、木贼（Equiseti Herba）。用葱、艾熨敷眼部，并用清凉膏（Qingliang Gao, Cooling Paste）保护。或者专门用生地黄捣烂做成饼状，加热后贴于太阳穴及眼睑上，每日更换一次，以消散瘀血。如果没有生地黄，可用芙蓉叶捣烂加热贴敷，干品则用鸡蛋清调和使用。若眼眶青黑，捣碎生莱菔（萝卜）护贴。切记要避风忌口。疼痛剧烈时，在酒煎散中加入没药（Myrrha）。逐渐生出翳障者，用犀角地黄汤（Xijiao Dihuang Tang, Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction）并换用赤芍（Paeoniae Radix Rubra），加大黄（Rhei Radix et Rhizoma）、当归（Angelicae Sinensis Radix）、柴胡（Bupleuri Radix）、连翘（Forsythiae Fructus）、甘草（Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）。如果到了血液消散阶段，变生白翳且不痛，属于不治之症。
惊振外障证：眼睛被物体撞击触碰而形成外障。这与伤在膏上（指眼内精细组织）且病情紧急的情况不同。初撞眼睛时，也会有珠疼、涩胀的痛苦。因为伤势较轻，瘀血自然潜消，所以虽然疼痛停止，却不注意禁忌，有所触发其火邪，导致水液不清，气滞络涩而生外障者，可用神消散去（Shenxiao San Qu, Spirit-Dispersing Powder）去掉苍术（Atractylodis Rhizoma），加石决明（Haliotidis Concha），兼服皂荚丸（Zaojia Wan, Gleditsiae Fructus Pill）。凡是外障结聚且眼球疼痛，导致头痛及肿胀者，都是恶证，需防止变化，急宜治疗。
惊振内障证：因病眼再次被撞打，变成内障。日夜疼痛，逐渐产生遮蔽视物的障翳，赤膜绕目不能看见三光（日、月、星，泛指光线），也像久病的内障一样，可用皂荚丸合生熟地黄丸（Sheng Shu Dihuang Wan, Raw and Cooked Rehmannia Pills）治疗。
物损真睛证：谓被物体触打在风轮（黑睛/角膜），损伤有大有小，颜色有黄有白。黄色者危害迅速，白色者稍慢。如果触碰到膏脂部位及破裂者，必有膏汁流出，或青黑，或白如痰样，为患最为紧急。纵然急治，瞳神虽在，也难免发生偏斜之患。如果是草木刺、金石屑、苗叶尖、针尖等触在风轮，必定昼夜疼痛难当，急宜取出异物，迟则结成黄白色的颗粒，如粟疮银星之状，绿膏水结滞而障生。先去异物再治障翳。若伤在气轮（白睛/巩膜）皮内，取异物迟了必有瘀血灌睛。取去异物后先疏导瘀血，后治其余证候。若视力昏花，瞳神有大小偏斜之患，久而失治，眼睛必定枯凸。大凡此病，不论大小黄白，只要有泪流、赤胀等证候者，急而有变。眼球疼痛、头重者尤其紧急。素有风热痰火耗损之人，病邪已内积，因外伤激动其邪，乘此为害。疼痛剧烈且小便涩滞者最凶险。
飞丝入目证：谓风吹游丝，偶然触入目中而作痛。如果是野蚕、蜘蛛、木虫的丝，患病尚缓。如果遇到金蚕、老鹳草的丝，其目不出三日就会迸裂。治疗飞丝入目方：用头垢（人发垢）点入眼中，再用柘树浆点过。用线裹住筷子头，蘸水在眼上缴拭涎毒。用火麻子一合，捣碎，用一碗井水浸泡搅动，然后将舌头浸在水中，涎沫自出，神效。另一方法：用茄子叶捣碎，像处理火麻子那样也妙。飞丝入目，眼睛胀如眯缝，痛涩不开，鼻流清涕，用京墨浓磨，用新笔涂入目中，闭一会儿用手张开，其丝自成一块，看在眼白上，用棉轻轻卷下。未尽再涂。
物偶入睛证：谓偶然被物体落在目中而痛。切不可趁急躁便擦，须按住性子，待泪来满而擦，则物润而易出。如果物性重，及有芒刺而不能出者，急令人取出，不可揉擦。擦则物愈深入而难取。至于入深，轻翻上眼皮取之。不取则转运阻碍，气滞血凝而病变。芒刺金石棱角之物，失取碍久，及擦重者，则坏损轮膏，如痕翳、凝脂等病。轻则血瘀水滞，为痛为障等病。有终不得出而结于睥（脾/眼睑）内者，必须翻之寻看。因其证而治之。
眯目飞扬证：因出行间，风吹沙土入目，频繁揩拭，以致气血凝滞而为病。初起泪出急涩，渐重结为障翳。常辨形证施治。初起将绵卷在簪脚上，捻拨出尘物。久者翻转睥睑，看有积处，镰洗至平，不须吹点。物落眼中，用新笔蘸缴出。治稻麦芒入眼，取蛴螬（金龟子幼虫）以新布覆目上，待蛴螬从布上摩之，其芒出着布上。又法，以鸭倒悬，取涎滴入目中，其芒自出。
The sinews of the Foot-Taiyang channel serve as the upper framework of the eyes; the sinews of the Foot-Yangming channel serve as the lower framework. If affected by heat, the sinews become flaccid, resulting in inability to open the eyes; this can be treated with Zuyang Hexue Tang (Warming Yang and Nourishing Blood Decoction). However, there are cases where damp-heat is constrained, presenting with slight swelling of the eyelids; these can be treated with Shengyang Chushi Fangfeng Tang (Raising Yang and Expelling Dampness with Saposhnikovia Decoction). If true yang fails to ascend, the patient prefers warmth and fears light; this can be treated with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment Qi Decoction). In cases of liver deficiency, the patient closes the eyes and avoids looking at people; this can be treated with Jinkui Shenqi Wan (Jin Gui Kidney Qi Pill). Treatment should address the root cause in each case.
Injuries caused by being struck by objects involve damage to the eyelids from falls or blows. If blood accumulates turning purple or blue, or if the sclera (white part) is broken but the hard shell remains intact, it is not considered dangerous. The critical danger arises only if the iris (yellow part) and cornea (wind wheel) are ruptured, causing blood to flood the pupil and mix with the internal eye structures (water wheel). Alternatively, even without rupture, if tears are profuse and bitter like cypress juice, the prognosis is poor. Urgently use Jiu Jian San Qu (Wine-Boiled Dispersion Formula) combined with Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji) and Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi), plus Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo) and Equiseti Herba (Muzei). Apply compresses of scallion and mugwort, and protect with Qingliang Gao (Cooling Paste). Alternatively, apply a warm poultice made of pounded fresh Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdihuang) to the temporal acupoint and eyelids, changing once daily to dissipate blood stasis. If fresh Rehmanniae Radix is unavailable, use pounded Hibisci Mutabilis Folium (Furongye) heated for application; if dry, mix with egg white. For black-and-blue orbits, apply pounded fresh Raphani Radix (Laifu). Strictly avoid wind and observe dietary restrictions. For severe pain, add Myrrha (Moyao) to the wine-boiled dispersion. If nebulae gradually form, use Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) substituting Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishao), and add Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao). If the condition progresses to blood dispersal with non-painful white nebulae, it is incurable.
Jingzhen External Obstruction Syndrome: External obstruction forms after the eye is struck or touched. This differs from acute injuries to the internal eye tissues. Initially, there is pain, astringency, and distension in the eyeball. Due to mild injury, blood stasis resolves spontaneously; thus, although pain subsides, lack of caution may trigger fire pathogens, leading to turbid fluids, qi stagnation, and collateral涩 (stiffness), causing external obstruction. Use Shenxiao San Qu (Spirit-Dispersing Powder) removing Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), adding Haliotidis Concha (Shijueming), and concurrently administer Zaojia Wan (Gleditsiae Fructus Pill). Whenever external obstruction causes eyeball pain leading to headache and swelling, it is a malignant sign requiring urgent treatment to prevent complications.
Jingzhen Internal Obstruction Syndrome: An already diseased eye suffers further trauma, transforming into internal obstruction. There is day-and-night pain, gradually developing visual obscuration, with red membranes surrounding the eye preventing vision of light sources, resembling chronic internal obstruction. Treat with Zaojia Wan combined with Sheng Shu Dihuang Wan (Raw and Cooked Rehmannia Pills).
Physical Damage to True Eye: Trauma to the cornea (wind wheel) varies in size and color. Yellow lesions indicate rapid harm; white lesions progress slower. If the internal eye tissues are touched or ruptured, fluid discharge occurs—either dark/black or white like phlegm—which is extremely urgent. Even with immediate treatment, if the pupil remains, deviation risks persist. Foreign bodies such as wood thorns, metal fragments, plant tips, or needles penetrating the cornea cause unbearable day-and-night pain; they must be removed immediately. Delay leads to yellow-white granules forming, resembling millet grains or silver stars, with green fluid stagnation and obstruction. Remove the foreign body first, then treat the obstruction. If injury is within the conjunctiva/sclera (qi wheel) and removal is delayed, blood flooding the eye may occur. Remove the object, guide out the stasis first, then treat remaining symptoms. If vision is blurred with pupillary distortion, long-term neglect results in sunken or protruding eyes. Generally, regardless of lesion size or color, symptoms like tearing, redness, and swelling indicate urgency. Eyeball pain with heavy head is particularly critical. Patients with pre-existing wind-heat, phlegm-fire depletion have internal pathogen accumulation triggered by external trauma. Severe pain with difficult urination is the most ominous sign.
Flying Thread Entering Eye Syndrome: Wind-blown threads accidentally enter the eye causing pain. Threads from wild silkworms, spiders, or insects pose slower risks. However, threads from "Golden Silkworm" or Old Stork Grass can cause eye rupture within three days. Treatment: Apply human hair垢 (Tougou) into the eye, followed by Torreya Seedling Juice (Zheshujiang). Wrap thread around chopstick tip, dip in water, and wipe away toxic saliva. Soak one unit of Cannabis Seed (Huomazi) in a bowl of well water, stir, then dip tongue in water to induce salivation—a miraculous effect. Alternative: Pound fresh Solanum Melongena Leaf (Qieziye) similarly. For swollen, painful, unopen eyes with clear nasal discharge, grind Beijing Ink (Jingmo) thickly, apply with new brush into eye, keep closed briefly, then open; the thread clumps on the sclera. Gently roll off with cotton. Reapply if necessary.
Accidental Object Entry Syndrome: Pain occurs when an object accidentally falls into the eye. Do not rub rashly due to irritation. Restrain impulse, wait for tears to fill the eye, then gently wipe; lubrication aids expulsion. If the object is heavy or has barbs and cannot exit, seek immediate removal. Do not rub, as this drives the object deeper. For deep insertion, gently evert the upper eyelid to retrieve. Failure to remove causes qi stagnation and blood coagulation, leading to pathology. Barbed or sharp metallic objects left too long or rubbed heavily damage the cornea/lens, causing conditions like scar nebula or purulent membrane. Mild cases present as blood stasis and fluid retention causing pain or obstruction. Objects trapped inside the eyelid require eversion and examination for targeted treatment.
Sand and Dust Syndrome: Caused by wind-blown sand/dust during travel, exacerbated by frequent rubbing, leading to qi-blood stagnation. Initial symptoms include sudden tearing and astringency, progressing to obstruction nebulae. Treat based on presentation. Initially, wrap cotton around hairpin tip to roll out dust. For long-standing cases, evert eyelids, locate deposits, and scrape flat without blowing powder. For objects in the eye, use a new brush to extract. For rice/wheat awns, place a ground beetle larva (Qicao) covered by fresh cloth over the eye; the larva’s movement draws the awn onto the cloth. Another method: Hang a duck upside down, collect its saliva, and drip into the eye to expel awns.