咸，温。入足太阴、少阴经气分。浓肠胃，健腰足。生嚼涂筋骨断碎肿痛，及金刃伤、
小儿
口疮。或风干，或火煨用。多食滞脾恋膈，风湿病者禁用。
栗楔
咸，平。入足少阴经气分。大有补肾之功，治筋骨风痛，活血尤效。
一毯三颗，其中扁者，栗楔也。
毛毯
即栗外刺包
煮汁，洗火丹毒肿，烧灰敷亦效。
黑壳
煮汁饮，止反胃消渴，并止泻血。
忌与葱同食。
甘，温。入足太阴经血分。补中益气，生津液，和百药，益五脏，润心肺，调营卫。杀
乌头
、附子、天雄毒。得生姜，和营卫。佐小麦、炙甘草，治脏躁。（无故悲泣。）
治卒心痛诀云∶一个乌梅二个枣，七枚杏仁一处捣，男酒女醋送下之，不害心疼直到老。
入药须用青州及晋地晒干大枣为良，亦有用胶枣之肥大者。蒸熟者为胶枣，去核煮，治脾虚
作胀。多服生虫损齿，壅脾作胀。生者更不宜食。齿病、疳病、虫病、风疾、痰热、中满，
皆禁用。
功用与大枣相仿，差不及尔。
（山果类十六种）
甘、微酸，寒。润心肺，利二便。治烦渴，除痰嗽，祛贼风，解酒毒。配母丁香，治反
胃。
（将
丁香入梨内，纸包煨熟，去丁香食之。）和小黑豆，治痰喘。和白蜜、姜汁，治痰嗽。和水
捣取汁，入粳米煮粥，治小儿心脏风热昏躁。取汁，以绵裹黄连浸汁，频点热眼。
生用，消六腑之热。熟用，滋五内之阴。实火，生用。虚火，蒸熟用。汤火伤，捣烂敷
之。
梨与莱菔相间收藏，则不烂。乳妇血虚，脾虚泄泻，二者禁用。
【栗子】
味咸，性温。归足太阴脾经、足少阴肾经的气分。能厚肠胃，强健腰膝。生嚼后涂抹于筋骨断裂破碎引起的肿痛处，以及金刃创伤、小儿口疮。可以风干或火煨后使用。多吃会阻碍脾气运化，导致气滞膈间，风湿病患者禁用。
【栗楔】
味咸，性平。归足少阴肾经的气分。有显著的补肾功效，治疗筋骨风痛，活血效果尤为显著。一毯三颗中，形状扁平的那一颗，就是栗楔。
【毛毯】
即栗子外层的刺苞。煮汁饮用，可洗治火丹毒肿，烧成灰敷用也有效。
忌与葱同食。
【大枣】
味甘，性温。归足太阴脾经的血分。能补中益气，生津液，调和百药，益五脏，润心肺，调和营卫。能解除乌头、附子、天雄的毒性。配合生姜，可调和营卫。佐以小麦、炙甘草，可治疗脏躁（无故悲泣）。
治疗突发心痛的秘诀说：一个乌梅、两个枣、七枚杏仁一起捣碎，男子用酒送服，女子用醋送服，从此不再受心痛之苦直到老。
入药必须选用青州及晋地晒干的大枣为良，也有使用胶枣中肥大者。蒸熟后称为胶枣，去核煮制，可治疗脾虚导致的腹胀。多服生枣会生虫损齿，壅滞脾气导致腹胀。生枣更不宜食用。患有齿病、疳病、虫病、风疾、痰热、中满者，皆禁用。
其功用与大枣相似，只是稍逊一筹。
（山果类十六种）
【梨】
味甘、微酸，性寒。能润心肺，利二便。治疗烦渴，消除痰嗽，祛除贼风，解酒毒。配伍母丁香，可治疗反胃。（将丁香放入梨内，用纸包裹煨熟，取出丁香后食用。）配伍小黑豆，可治疗痰喘。配伍白蜜、姜汁，可治疗痰嗽。与水捣烂取汁，加入粳米煮粥，可治疗小儿心脏风热引起的昏躁。取梨汁，用棉裹黄连浸泡取汁，频繁滴入热眼中。
生用，可清除六腑之热。熟用，可滋养五内之阴。实火证，生用；虚火证，蒸熟后用。汤火烫伤，捣烂敷之。
梨与莱菔（萝卜）分开收藏，则不会腐烂。乳母血虚、脾虚泄泻者，二者禁用。
[Litchi Nut / Chestnut]
Salty, warm. Enters the qi level of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridians. Thickens the intestines and stomach, strengthens the waist and feet. Chewed raw and applied to swelling and pain caused by broken or crushed bones and tendons, as well as metal-blade injuries and oral ulcers in children. Can be used after air-drying or roasting over fire. Excessive consumption stagnates the spleen and causes chest oppression; contraindicated in patients with wind-dampness conditions.
[Chestnut Wedge]
Salty, neutral. Enters the qi level of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian. Has a significant kidney-tonifying effect, treats wind-pain in bones and tendons, and is particularly effective in invigorating blood. Among three nuts in one husk, the flat one is the chestnut wedge.
[Spiny Husk]
Refers to the spiny outer covering of the chestnut. Decoction for washing treats erysipelas (fire-dan) and toxic swelling; applying the ash is also effective.
[Black Shell]
Decoction for drinking stops retrograde vomiting and thirst due to diabetes (xiaoke), and also stops bloody diarrhea.
Contraindicated to eat with green onions.
[Jujube / Red Date]
Sweet, warm. Enters the blood level of the Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian. Tonifies the middle and boosts qi, generates body fluids, harmonizes hundred herbs, benefits the five zang organs, moistens the lungs and heart, regulates Ying and Wei. Detoxifies Wu Tou (Aconiti Radix), Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), and Tian Xiong (Aconiti Radix). Combined with Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), it harmonizes Ying and Wei. Assisted by Xiao Mai (Tritici Fructus) and Zhi Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle), it treats Zang Zao (visceral agitation characterized by unexplained weeping).
The secret formula for treating sudden heart pain states: One Wumei (Mume Fructus), two jujubes, seven Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), pounded together. Men take with wine, women with vinegar; this prevents heart pain until old age.
For medicinal use, sun-dried large jujubes from Qingzhou and Jin regions are preferred; some use large Jiao Zao (steamed jujube). Steamed jujubes, pitted and boiled, treat abdominal distension due to spleen deficiency. Excessive consumption of raw jujubes causes worms and dental damage, obstructs spleen function leading to distension. Raw jujubes are even less suitable for consumption. Contraindicated in tooth diseases, gan disease (childhood malnutrition syndrome), parasitic diseases, wind disorders, phlegm-heat, and fullness in the center.
Its efficacy is similar to that of the large jujube, but slightly inferior.
(Sixteen kinds of mountain fruits)
[Pear]
Sweet, slightly sour, cold. Moistens the lungs and heart, promotes urination and defecation. Treats irritability and thirst, eliminates phlegm-cough, dispels thief-wind, resolves alcohol toxicity. Paired with Mu Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos), it treats retrograde vomiting. (Place Ding Xiang within the pear, wrap in paper, roast until cooked, remove the clove, and eat the pear.) Paired with Xiao Hei Dou (Sojae Semen Nigrum), it treats phlegm-induced wheezing. Paired with Bai Mi (Mel) and Jiang Zhi (Zingiberis Juice), it treats phlegm-cough. Pounded with water to extract juice, mixed with Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa) to cook porridge, treats infantile cardiac wind-heat causing confusion and restlessness. Extract juice, soak Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) wrapped in cotton in the juice, and frequently apply to hot eyes.
Used raw, it clears heat in the six fu organs. Used cooked, it nourishes yin in the five internal organs. For excess fire, use raw; for deficient fire, use steamed. For scalds and burns, pound and apply externally.
Store pears separately from radishes (Lai Fu) to prevent rotting. Contraindicated in nursing mothers with blood deficiency and those with spleen deficiency diarrhea.