陈飞霞曰∶浮脉主表,(病在外。)沉脉在里,(病在内。)迟脉主脏,(病为寒。)数脉主腑。(病为热。)
五至四至为迟,为寒,为不足,(浮迟外寒,沉迟内寒,有力实寒,无力虚寒。)七至八至为数,为热,为大过。
(浮数表热,沉数里热,有力实热,无力虚热。)浮而有力风寒,无力阴虚。沉而有力寒实,无力气滞。迟而有
力为痛,无力虚寒。数而有力实热,无力疮疡。
陈飞霞曰∶太渊一指定安危,六至中和五至亏,七八热多三四冷,沉浮迟数贵详推。有力为阳为实热,虚寒
无力里何疑。若能留意于中取,何至亡羊泣远歧。浮而有力热兼风,(风热皆阳,表之实也,)无力阴虚汗雨蒙。
(阴荣妄泄表之虚也。)有力而沉痰食害,(痰凝食滞、结于里也。)沉沉无力气凝胸。(气滞于中不运化也。)迟
而有力多为痛,(浮迟外痛,沉迟内痛。)无力虚寒气血穷。(气弱血衰至虚之候。)数脉热多终有力。(数而有力
实热何疑。)疮痍无力虚热攻。(阴血受伤,虚热所致。)
陈飞霞曰∶脉浮身热汗之松,(阳邪居表,热从汗解。)沉细身凉莫强攻。(无论表里,不堪攻伐。)咳嗽
正嫌浮带数,(浮缓为宜,浮数大忌。)细沉肿胀定知凶。(脾胃虚寒,愈不运化。)沉迟下利方为吉,(气血
俱伤,最嫌洪数。)洪大遍宜痘疹逢。(阴阳充足,毒不能留。)腹痛不堪浮有力,(二阴受病,浮则反常。)
浮洪吐衄总无功。(阳火太盛,阴血愈伤。)
陶节庵曰∶诊脉之要,无论浮沉迟数,但于有力无力中分之。有力者为阳,为实,为热;无力者为阴,为虚,
为寒。至哉斯言,后贤勿忘。
涂蔚生曰∶左眉稍外洼中为太阳穴,右眉稍外洼中为太阴穴,两眉中间为眉心,又名印堂,鼻洼为山风,鼻正
中高骨为延年,鼻尖为准头,鼻下洼中为人中,唇下为承浆,发际后五分为神庭,神庭后五分为上星,上星后一
寸为囟门,囟门后一寸五分为前顶门,前顶门后一寸五分为百会。能如此取穴,决不致误。
陈飞霞说:浮脉主表证,(病邪在体表。)沉脉主里证,(病邪在体内。)迟脉主脏病,(病症属于寒证。)数脉主腑病。(病症属于热证。)
脉搏跳动四至到五至为迟脉,主寒证,主正气不足,(浮取见迟脉为外寒,沉取见迟脉为内寒,脉有力为实寒,脉无力为虚寒。)脉搏跳动七至到八至为数脉,主热证,主阳气过盛。
(浮取见数为表热,沉取见数为里热,脉有力为实热,脉无力为虚热。)脉浮而有力主风寒,脉浮而无力主阴虚。脉沉而有力主寒实,脉沉而无力主气滞。脉迟而有力主疼痛,脉迟而无力主虚寒。脉数而有力主实热,脉数而无力主疮疡。
陈飞霞说:通过太渊穴处的脉搏可以判断安危,六至脉象平和,五至脉象亏虚,七八至脉象多热,三四至脉象多冷,浮、沉、迟、数脉需要仔细推究。脉有力属阳、属实、属热,脉无力属虚、属寒,对此有何怀疑?如果能留意中取法,怎会像亡羊补牢那样后悔莫及?脉浮而有力主风热兼夹,(风热皆属阳,是表实证,)脉浮而无力主阴虚汗出如雨。(阴血营气妄泄,是表虚证。)脉沉而有力主痰食致病,(痰凝食滞,结聚于体内。)脉沉而无力主气机凝滞于胸。(气滞于中焦不能运化。)脉迟而有力多为疼痛,(浮取迟脉为外痛,沉取迟脉为内痛。)脉迟而无力主气血极度亏虚的虚寒证。(气弱血衰,达到虚损的状态。)数脉多热且终归有力。(数而有力,实热无疑。)疮疡脉无力主虚热侵袭。(阴血受伤,由虚热所致。)
陈飞霞说:脉浮身热,发汗则轻松缓解,(阳邪居于体表,热随汗解。)脉沉细身凉,不要强行攻伐。(无论表里,身体不堪受攻伐。)咳嗽正忌讳脉浮带数,(浮缓为宜,浮数是大忌。)脉细沉伴肿胀定知凶险。(脾胃虚寒,更加不运化。)脉沉迟伴下利方为吉利,(气血俱伤,最忌讳洪数脉。)脉洪大遍宜见于痘疹症候。(阴阳充足,毒邪不能留存。)腹痛忌讳脉浮有力,(二阴受病,脉浮则反常。)脉浮洪伴吐衄总无功效。(阳火太盛,阴血更加受伤。)
陶节庵说:诊脉的要领,无论浮沉迟数,只要在有力无力中加以区分即可。脉有力者为阳、为实、为热;脉无力者为阴、为虚、为寒。这话真是精妙啊,后辈贤人切勿忘记。
涂蔚生说:左眉梢稍外侧凹陷处为太阳穴,右眉梢稍外侧凹陷处为太阴穴,两眉中间为眉心,又名印堂,鼻根凹陷处为山根,鼻梁正中最高骨为延年,鼻尖为准头,鼻下人中沟为人中,唇下凹陷处为承浆,发际后五分处为神庭,神庭后五分处为上星,上星后一寸处为囟门,囟门后一寸五分处为前顶门,前顶门后一寸五分处为百会。能这样取穴,绝不会出错。
Chen Feixia stated: A floating pulse (Fu Mai, Floating Pulse) governs exterior syndromes, (pathogen located in the exterior.) A deep pulse (Chen Mai, Deep Pulse) governs interior syndromes, (pathogen located in the interior.) A slow pulse (Chi Mai, Slow Pulse) governs Zang organ diseases, (syndrome characterized by cold.) A rapid pulse (Shu Mai, Rapid Pulse) governs Fu organ diseases. (syndrome characterized by heat.)
Four to five beats per breath cycle constitute a slow pulse, indicating cold syndrome and deficiency. (Floating slow indicates exterior cold; deep slow indicates interior cold; forceful indicates excess cold; feeble indicates deficiency cold.) Seven to eight beats per breath cycle constitute a rapid pulse, indicating heat syndrome and excess.
(Floating rapid indicates exterior heat; deep rapid indicates interior heat; forceful indicates excess heat; feeble indicates deficiency heat.) A floating pulse that is forceful indicates wind-cold; one that is feeble indicates Yin deficiency. A deep pulse that is forceful indicates cold-excess; one that is feeble indicates Qi stagnation. A slow pulse that is forceful indicates pain; one that is feeble indicates deficiency-cold. A rapid pulse that is forceful indicates excess-heat; one that is feeble indicates sores and ulcers.
Chen Feixia stated: The safety and danger can be determined by palpating at Taiyuan (LU9, Great Abyss). Six beats per breath cycle indicate harmony; five beats indicate deficiency. Seven or eight beats indicate excess heat; three or four beats indicate excess cold. The characteristics of floating, deep, slow, and rapid pulses require careful deduction. A forceful pulse belongs to Yang, excess, and heat; a feeble pulse belongs to deficiency and cold, leaving no doubt. If one pays attention to the middle-pressure technique, how could one end up regretting like mending the fold after the sheep is lost? A floating pulse that is forceful indicates wind-heat combination. (Wind and heat both belong to Yang, representing an exterior excess syndrome.) A floating pulse that is feeble indicates Yin deficiency with profuse sweating. (Yin and Ying fluids leaking recklessly, representing an exterior deficiency syndrome.) A deep pulse that is forceful indicates harm from phlegm and food retention. (Phlegm condensation and food stagnation, knotting in the interior.) A deeply deep and feeble pulse indicates Qi stagnation in the chest. (Qi stagnating in the middle Jiao failing to transform and transport.) A slow pulse that is forceful mostly indicates pain. (Floating slow indicates exterior pain; deep slow indicates interior pain.) A slow pulse that is feeble indicates extreme deficiency-cold due to exhausted Qi and blood. (Weak Qi and depleted blood, a state of extreme deficiency.) A rapid pulse usually involves heat and ultimately is forceful. (Rapid and forceful, excess heat is beyond doubt.) Sores and ulcers with a feeble pulse are attacked by deficiency-heat. (Injury to Yin and blood, caused by deficiency-heat.)
Chen Feixia stated: When the pulse is floating and the body is hot, sweating brings relief. (Yang pathogen resides in the exterior, heat resolves through sweat.) When the pulse is deep and fine and the body is cool, do not forcibly attack. (Regardless of exterior or interior, the body cannot withstand attacking methods.) Coughing is particularly contraindicated with a floating and rapid pulse. (Floating and moderate is suitable; floating and rapid is strictly forbidden.) Fine and deep pulses accompanied by swelling definitely indicate a ominous prognosis. (Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold, further failing to transform and transport.) A deep and slow pulse accompanied by diarrhea is auspicious. (Qi and Blood both injured, Hong and Shu pulses are most feared.) A Hong and large pulse is generally suitable for encountering smallpox/rash conditions. (Yin and Yang are sufficient, toxins cannot remain.) Abdominal pain is intolerable with a floating and forceful pulse. (Diseases affecting the lower Yin organs, a floating pulse is abnormal.) A floating and Hong pulse accompanied by vomiting blood or nosebleed yields no efficacy. (Yang fire too excessive, Yin blood further injured.)
Tao Jian'an stated: The key to pulse diagnosis lies in distinguishing between forceful and feeble, regardless of floating, deep, slow, or rapid. Forceful pulses belong to Yang, excess, and heat; feeble pulses belong to Yin, deficiency, and cold. These words are truly profound; later generations must not forget them.
Tu Weisheng stated: The depression slightly outside the outer end of the left eyebrow is the Taiyang acupoint; the depression slightly outside the outer end of the right eyebrow is the Taiyin acupoint; the center between the two eyebrows is the Xinjian, also known as Yintang (Ex-HN3, Hall of Impression); the depression at the root of the nose is Shan Gen (often referred to as Shangfeng in this context); the highest bone in the center of the nasal bridge is Yannian; the tip of the nose is Zhuntou; the depression below the nose is Renzhong (GV26, Human Center); the depression below the lip is Chengjiang (CV24, Bearing Pool); five fen behind the hairline is Shenting (GV24, Spirit Court); five fen behind Shenting is Shangxing (GV23, Upper Star); one cun behind Shangxing is Ximen (GV22, Fontanel Gate); one and a half cun behind Ximen is Qian Ding (GV20, Anterior Vertex); one and a half cun behind Qian Ding is Baihui (GV20, Hundred Convergences). By locating acupoints in this manner, errors will certainly be avoided.