味辛、咸，寒，无毒。主周痹风湿，肢节中痛，不可持物，洗洗酸 ，除大热，烦
满及耳聋。养肾脏，强骨气，益精，除烦，通关节，消痈肿鼠 ，颈核喉痛，小儿惊痫，炼
水饮之。亦令人有子。一名玄石，一名处石。生大山川谷及慈山山阴，有铁者则生其阳，采
无时。
柴胡为之使，杀铁毒，恶牡丹、莽草，畏黄石脂。今南方亦有，其好者，能悬吸针，虚
连三、四、五为佳，杀铁物
毒，消金。《仙经》、《丹方》、《黄白术》中多用也。
味咸，温，无毒。主大人小儿惊痫，女子绝孕，少腹寒痛，少精、身重。服之令人有
子。一名玄水石，一名处石。生太山之阳，山阴有铜。铜者雌，玄者雄。
恶松脂、柏子、菌桂。《本经》磁石，一名玄石。《别录》各一种。今案其一名处石，名
既同，疗体又相似，而寒温
铜铁及畏恶有异。俗中既不复用，无识其形者，不知与磁石相类否？
〔谨案〕此物，铁液也，
但不能拾针，疗体如《经方》，
劣于磁石。磁石中有细孔，孔中
黄赤色，初破好者，能连十针，一斤铁刀亦被回转。其无孔，光泽纯黑者，玄石也，不能悬
针也。
味辛、甘，寒、大寒，无毒。主身热，利胃，解烦，益精，明目，破积聚，去三虫
。除营卫中去来大热，结热，解烦毒，止消渴，及中风痿痹。一名立制石，一名肌石，如石
膏，顺理而细。生汉中山谷及卢山，采无时。
滑石为之使，畏麻黄。汉中属梁州，卢山属青州。今出宁州。俗用亦希，《仙经》时须，
亦呼为长理石。石胆一名立
制石，今此又名立制，疑必相乱类。
〔谨案〕此石夹两石间如石
脉，打用之，或在土中重叠而生。皮黄赤，肉白，作针理文，全不似石膏。汉中人取酒浸
服，疗癖，令人肥悦。市人或刮去皮，以代寒水石，并以当 石，并是假伪。今卢山亦无此
物，见出襄州西泛水侧也。
【磁石】
味辛、咸，性寒，无毒。主治周身痹症及风湿之邪，肢体关节疼痛，不能持物，身体酸楚不适，清除大热，消除烦闷以及耳聋。滋养肾脏，强健骨骼与气机，补益精髓，消除烦躁，疏通关节，消散痈肿、鼠瘰（淋巴结核）、颈部肿块及咽喉疼痛，治疗小儿惊风抽搐。将磁石炼制成粉末用水送服。也能使人获得子嗣。又名玄石，又名处石。产于大山川谷以及慈山的北坡，有铁矿的地方则生长在南坡，采集没有固定时间。
柴胡作为引经药，能解除铁毒，忌与牡丹、莽草同用，畏惧黄石脂。现在南方也有出产，其中品质好的，能够悬挂并吸附针，虚连三、四、五根为最佳，能解除铁器产生的毒性，溶解黄金。《仙经》、《丹方》、《黄白术》中多用此药。
【玄石】
味咸，性温，无毒。主治大人和小儿的惊风抽搐，女子不孕，小腹部寒冷疼痛，精气不足、身体沉重。服用后能使人获得子嗣。又名玄水石，又名处石。产于泰山的南坡，山北有铜矿。有铜的为雌，无铜（纯黑）的为雄。
忌与松脂、柏子、菌桂同用。《神农本草经》中磁石又名玄石。《名医别录》将其列为另一种药。现在考证这两种药都叫处石，名称相同，疗效也相似，但一寒一温，对铜铁的禁忌和畏恶也不同。民间既然不再使用，没有人认识它的形状，不知道它是否与磁石类似？
【臣等谨案】这种石头，是铁的液体凝结而成，但不能吸附针，疗效如同《经方》所述，但劣于磁石。磁石中有细孔，孔中呈黄赤色，刚打破时品质好的，能连接吸附十根针，一斤重的铁刀也能被其吸引回转。那些没有孔洞、光泽纯黑的，就是玄石，不能悬挂吸附针。
【理石】
味辛、甘，性寒、大寒，无毒。主治身体发热，通利胃气，解除烦闷，补益精髓，明亮双目，破除积聚，去除三种寄生虫。清除营卫之气中往来发的大热，结聚之热，解除烦毒，止住消渴病，以及中风导致的痿痹。又名立制石，又名肌石，像石膏一样，纹理顺直且细腻。产于汉中的山谷以及卢山，采集没有固定时间。
滑石作为引经药，畏惧麻黄。汉中属于梁州，卢山属于青州。现在出产于宁州。民间使用也很少，《仙经》中有时需要，也称它为长理石。石胆又名立制石，现在这个也叫立制，怀疑必定会混淆类同。
【臣等谨案】这种石头夹在两层石头之间像石脉，打碎后使用，或者在土中重叠生长。外皮黄赤，肉质白色，呈现针状纹理，完全不像石膏。汉中人取来用酒浸泡服用，治疗癖积，使人肥满悦泽。市场上有人刮去皮，用来代替寒水石，并且当作玄石出售，都是假冒伪劣。现在卢山也没有这种物产，见到出产于襄州西面的泛水旁边。
[Cishi, Magnetitum]
Pungent and salty in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats generalized bi-syndrome (painful obstruction syndrome) caused by wind-dampness, pain in the limbs and joints, inability to hold objects, a sensation of soreness and discomfort in the body, clears severe heat, relieves fullness and irritability, and cures deafness. It nourishes the Kidney organ, strengthens bone qi, benefits essence, eliminates vexation, unblocks joint orifices, dissipates carbuncles and swellings, scrofula (tuberculous lymphadenitis), cervical masses, and throat pain; treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. It should be calcined and taken with water. It also promotes fertility. It is also known as Xuan Shi (Magnetite) and Chu Shi. It grows in deep mountain valleys and on the shady slopes of Ci Mountain; where iron exists, it grows on the sunny slopes. It can be harvested at any time.
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) serves as its guiding herb. It neutralizes iron toxicity. It is incompatible with Mudan Pi (Moutan Cortex) and Mangcao (Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix), and fears Huangshi Zhi (Kaolin). It is now also found in the south. The best quality can suspend and attract needles; suspending three, four, or five needles is considered optimal. It neutralizes the toxicity generated by iron objects and dissolves gold. It is frequently used in *Xian Jing* (Immortal Classic), *Dan Fang* (Alchemy Formulas), and *Huang Bai Shu* (Alchemical Arts).
[Xuanshi, Magnetitum Impurum]
Salty in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats convulsions and epilepsy in adults and children, sterility in women, cold pain in the lower abdomen, scanty essence, and heaviness of the body. Taking it promotes fertility. It is also known as Xuanshui Shi (Black Water Stone) and Chu Shi. It grows on the sunny slopes of Mount Tai, while copper is found on the shady slopes. Those containing copper are female (yin); those without copper (pure black) are male (yang).
It is incompatible with Songzhi (Pinus Resin), Baizi (Platycladi Semen), and Ronggui (Cinnamomi Ramulus). In *Shennong Bencao Jing*, Cishi is named Xuan Shi. *Mingyi Bielu* lists them as two different substances. Currently, we examine that both share the name Chu Shi, have similar names and therapeutic effects, but differ in their thermal nature (cold vs. warm) and incompatibilities regarding copper and iron. Since they are no longer commonly used by the public, few recognize their appearance, and it is unknown whether they are similar to Cishi.
[Imperial Commentary]: This substance is congealed liquid iron. It cannot attract needles. Its therapeutic effect is as described in *Jing Fang* (Classic Formulas), but inferior to Cishi. Cishi contains fine pores; inside the pores, the color is yellowish-red. When freshly broken, high-quality Cishi can attach ten needles, and even a one-jin iron knife will rotate towards it. Those without pores, with a glossy pure black appearance, are Xuanshi, which cannot suspend needles.
[Lishi, Talcum]
Pungent and sweet in flavor, cold and severely cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats bodily fever, benefits the Stomach, resolves vexation, benefits essence, brightens the eyes, breaks up accumulations and masses, removes three types of parasites. It clears severe heat coming and going from the Ying and Wei levels, resolves stagnant heat, relieves toxic vexation, stops thirst-quenching disease (xiao-ke), and treats flaccidity and bi-syndrome resulting from wind-stroke. It is also known as Lizhi Shi (Stabilizing Stone) and Jishi. It resembles Gypsum Fibrosum, with smooth and fine grain. It grows in the valleys of Hanzhong and Mount Lu. It can be harvested at any time.
Huashi (Talcum) serves as its guiding herb. It fears Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba). Hanzhong belongs to Liangzhou, and Mount Lu belongs to Qingzhou. It is currently produced in Ningzhou. It is rarely used by the common people, though occasionally required in *Xian Jing*. It is also called Changli Shi (Long Grain Stone). Shidan (Melanteritum) is also named Lizhi Shi. Now this stone is also called Lizhi; suspicion arises that they must be confused as similar categories.
[Imperial Commentary]: This stone lies between two layers of rock like a stone vein, and is used after crushing. It may grow overlapping in the soil. The skin is yellowish-red, the flesh is white, presenting needle-like grain patterns, completely unlike Gypsum Fibrosum. People in Hanzhong soak it in wine and take it internally to treat fixed masses (pi), making the person plump and radiant. Merchants sometimes scrape off the skin to substitute for Hanshui Shi (Gypsum Album) and pass it off as Xuanshi; these are all counterfeit. Mount Lu no longer produces this substance. It is seen being produced near Fan River in the west of Xiangzhou.