味辛、苦，寒，无毒。主身热，胃中结气，四肢寒厥，利小便，通血脉，明目，去翳
眇，去三虫，杀蛊毒。止消渴，下气，除胁肋肺间邪气。久服不饥。一名方石，一名土石，
一名直石，理如马齿，方而润泽，玉色。生长子山谷及太山、临淄，采无时。
长子县属上党郡，临淄县属青州。俗方及《仙经》并无用此者也。
〔谨案〕此石状同石
膏而浓大，纵理而长，文似马
齿，今均州辽 山有之，土人以为理石者，是长石也。
味辛、咸，平，无毒。主蛊毒及蛇、菜肉诸毒，恶疮。不可久服，令人瘦。一名推青
，一名推石。生益州川谷。
俗方及《仙经》并无用此者，亦相与不复识之。
味辛、甘，平，无毒。主风热恶疮，疡疽疮痂，疥气在皮肤中。除胸膈中热气，食不
下，心烦，去黑子。一名铁液，可以染皂。生牧羊平泽及 城、或析城，采无时。
主坚肌耐痛。
味甘，平，无毒。主金创，烦满热中，胸隔中气塞，食不化。一名跳铁。
平，微温。主明目，化铜。疗惊悸，定心气，小儿风痫，阴溃，脱肛。
铁落，是染皂铁浆。生铁，是不破 、枪、釜之类。钢铁，是杂炼生镰，作刀、 者。
铁
轻者为佳，亦以摩莹铜器用也。
〔谨案〕单言铁者，镰铁也。铁落是锻家烧铁赤沸，砧上锻
之，皮甲落者也。甲乙子卷阳
厥条言之，夫诸铁疗病，并不入丸散，皆煮取浆用之。若以浆为铁落，钢生之汁，复谓何等？
落是铁皮，落液黑于余铁。
陶谓可以染皂，云是铁浆，误矣。又铁屑炒使极热，投酒中饮酒，疗贼风痉。又裹以熨腋，
疗狐臭有验。
【长石】
味辛、苦，性寒，无毒。主治身体发热，胃中气机郁结，四肢寒冷厥逆，通利小便，疏通血脉，明目，去除眼目翳膜，驱除三虫，杀灭蛊毒。止消渴，降逆气，清除胁肋及肺间的邪气。长期服用可使人不感饥饿。又名方石，又名土石，又名直石。其纹理如同马齿，形状方正且润泽，呈玉色。生长于长子县的山谷以及泰山、临淄等地，采集没有固定时间。长子县隶属于上党郡，临淄县隶属于青州。民间医方及《仙经》都没有使用这种药材的记载。
〔谨案〕这种石头形状与石膏相同但更浓密巨大，纹理纵向延伸且较长，纹路类似马齿，如今均州辽山有出产，当地人认为那是理石，其实那就是长石。
【铁精（一）】
味辛、咸，性平，无毒。主治蛊毒以及蛇咬、误食菜肉引起的各种中毒，恶疮。不可长期服用，否则令人消瘦。又名推青，又名推石。生长于益州的川谷之中。
民间医方及《仙经》都没有使用这种药材的记载，人们也互相不再认识它了。
【铁精（二）】
味辛、甘，性平，无毒。主治风热引起的恶疮，疡疽疮痂，疥癣之气在皮肤中。清除胸膈中的热气，治疗饮食不下，心烦，去除黑痣。又名铁液，可以用来染黑丝织品。生长于牧羊平泽及城、或析城等地，采集没有固定时间。
【铁精（三）】
主治坚固肌肉，耐受疼痛。
【铁精（五）】
味甘，性平，无毒。主治金创（金属利器造成的创伤），烦闷胀满及体内热症，胸膈间气机阻塞，食物不消化。又名跳铁。
【铁精（六）】
性平，微温。主治明目，化铜。治疗惊悸，安定心气，小儿风痫，阴部溃烂，脱肛。
铁落，是指用来染黑丝织品的铁浆。生铁，是指未经破碎的铁块、枪头、铁锅之类。钢铁，是指将生铁和熟铁混合冶炼，用来制作刀具、农具等。
铁类药材以质地轻者为佳，也可以用来打磨光亮铜器。
〔谨案〕单称“铁”的，是指镰刀铁。铁落是锻造工匠烧红铁块，在砧板上锻打时剥落的铁皮甲片。《甲乙经》卷中阳厥条对此有论述。那些用铁来治疗疾病的方法，都不入丸药和散剂，都是煮取汁浆来使用。如果把汁浆当作铁落，那钢产生的汁液又算什么呢？铁落是铁皮的碎片，其液体颜色比其余铁类更深黑。陶弘景说它可以染黑丝织品，称其为铁浆，这是错误的。另外，将铁屑炒至极热，投入酒中饮酒，可以治疗贼风痉病。又或用布包裹热铁屑熨烫腋下，治疗狐臭有疗效。
[Changshi (Long Stone)]
Pungent and bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats body heat, qi stagnation in the stomach, coldness and reversal of the four limbs, promotes urination, unblocks blood vessels, brightens the eyes, removes ocular nebulae (cataracts/opacities), expels three types of parasites, and kills gu poison. It stops thirst (xiao ke), directs rebellious qi downward, and eliminates pathogenic factors in the hypochondrium and between the lungs. Long-term consumption prevents hunger. Also known as Fangshi, Tushi, or Zhishi. Its texture resembles horse teeth, it is square and moist, with a jade-like color. It grows in the valleys of Changzi County, as well as Mount Tai and Linzi. It can be harvested at any time. Changzi County belongs to Shangdang Commandery, and Linzi County belongs to Qingzhou. Neither folk prescriptions nor the *Xianjing* (Scriptures of Immortals) record the use of this substance.
[Note] This stone has a shape similar to Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) but is denser and larger, with longitudinal grain and patterns resembling horse teeth. It is currently found in Liaoshan, Junzhou. Locals consider it Lishi (Calcitum), but it is actually Changshi.
[Tiejing (Iron Essence) I]
Pungent and salty in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats gu poison, as well as various poisons from snake bites and ingested vegetables or meat, and malignant sores. It should not be taken for a long time, as it causes emaciation. Also known as Tuiqing or Tuishi. It grows in the river valleys of Yizhou.
Neither folk prescriptions nor the *Xianjing* record its use, and people no longer recognize it.
[Tiejing (Iron Essence) II]
Pungent and sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats malignant sores caused by wind-heat, ulcers, carbuncles, scabs, and the sensation of scabies qi within the skin. It clears hot qi from the chest and diaphragm, treats difficulty in swallowing food, irritability, and removes black spots. Also known as Tieye (Iron Liquid), it can be used to dye silk black. It grows in Yangmu Pingze, Cheng, or Xicheng. It can be harvested at any time.
[Tiejing (Iron Essence) III]
It primarily firms the muscles and increases tolerance to pain.
[Tiejing (Iron Essence) IV]
Slightly cold in nature. It primarily treats diseases of the lower part of the body and rectal prolapse.
[Tiejing (Iron Essence) V]
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats traumatic injuries from metal weapons, vexation and fullness with internal heat, qi obstruction in the chest and diaphragm, and indigestion. Also known as Tiaotie.
[Tiejing (Iron Essence) VI]
Neutral in nature, slightly warm. It primarily brightens the eyes, dissolves copper, treats palpitations and fright, stabilizes heart qi, treats childhood wind epilepsy, genital ulcerations, and rectal prolapse.
Tieluo (Iron Filings/Slag) refers to the iron slurry used for dyeing silk black. Shengtie (Raw Iron) refers to unbroken iron blocks, spearheads, cauldrons, etc. Gangtie (Steel) refers to iron mixed and smelted from raw iron and pig iron, used to make knives and farming tools.
Among iron substances, those that are lighter in weight are superior; they can also be used to polish and brighten copper vessels.
[Note] When simply referred to as "Tie" (Iron), it denotes sickle iron. Tieluo is the scale or skin that falls off when blacksmiths heat iron until red-hot and hammer it on an anvil. The *Jiayi Jing* (Systematic Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Volume 1, discusses Yangjue (Reversal of Yang). Treatments using iron do not enter pills or powders; instead, the decoction liquid is used. If the liquid is considered Tieluo, what would the juice produced by steel be called? Tieluo consists of iron scales, and its liquid is darker than that of other irons. Tao Hongjing stated it could dye silk black, calling it iron slurry, which is erroneous. Additionally, frying iron filings until extremely hot, immersing them in wine, and drinking the wine can treat wind-stroke spasms. Wrapping hot iron filings in cloth and applying them to the armpits is effective for treating osmidrosis (fox odor).