味甘，平，无毒。主筋骨湿痹，益气倍力，强志，令人肥健，耐饥，忍风寒，久服轻身
不老，延年。可作酒，逐水，
利小便。生陇西五原敦煌山谷。
魏国使人多 来，状如五味子而甘美，可作酒，云用其藤汁殊美好。北国人多肥健耐寒，
盖
橘之变于河北矣。人说即是此间 ，恐如彼之枳类橘耶？
〔谨案〕
与葡萄亦同，然 是千岁 。葡萄作酒法，总收取子汁酿之自成酒。 ，山葡萄，
亦堪为酒。陶景言用藤汁为酒，谬矣。
味酸、咸，平，无毒。主安五脏，益精气，长阴令坚，强志倍力，有子。又疗暴中风，
身热大惊。久服轻身不老。
一名覆盆，一名陵 ，一名阴 。生荆山平泽及宛朐。
李云即是人所食莓尔。
味甘，平，无毒。主益气轻身，令发不白。五月采实。
蓬 是根名，方家不用，乃昌容所服，以易颜色者也。覆盆是实名，李云是莓子，乃似
覆盆之形，而以津汁为味，
其核甚微细。药中所用覆盆子小异。此未详熟是？
〔谨案〕覆盆、
蓬
大而甘，瘠地则子细而酸。
此乃子有甘、酸，根无酸味。陶景以根酸子甘，将根入果，重出子条，殊为孟浪。
味甘，平，无毒。主心腹邪气，安中养脾，助十二经胃气，通九窍，补少气少津，身中
不足，大惊，四肢重，和百
药。补中益气，强力，除烦闷，疗心下悬，肠 。久服轻身长季，不
名美枣，一名良枣。八月采，
曝干。三岁陈核中仁，燔之，味苦，主腹痛，邪气。生枣，味甘、辛，多食令人多寒热，羸
瘦者，不可食。叶覆麻黄，
能出汗。生河东平泽。
大枣杀乌头毒。旧云河东猗氏县枣特异，今出青州、彭城，枣形小，核细，多膏，甚甜。郁
者亦好，小不及尔。江东临沂金城枣，形大而虚少暗，好者亦可用。
道家方药以枣为佳饵，其皮
利，肉补虚，所以合汤皆辟用之。
〔谨案
〕《别录》云∶枣叶散服使人瘦，久即呕吐；揩热痱疮至良。
味甘，性平，无毒。主治筋骨间的湿邪痹阻，益气增加体力，增强意志，使人身体丰满健壮，耐饥渴，抵御风寒，长期服用可使身体轻盈、延缓衰老、延长寿命。可用来酿酒，具有逐水消肿、通利小便的功效。产于陇西、五原、敦煌的山谷中。魏国使者多带来此物，形状像五味子但味道更甘美，可用来酿酒，据说用其藤汁酿制尤其美好。北方人大多身体丰满健壮且耐寒，这大概是橘树在河北变异的结果。有人说这就是当地的品种，恐怕就像南方的枳类似乎是橘树的变种吧？
【谨案】
与葡萄也相同，然而它是千年生的植物。制作葡萄酒的方法，是总括收取子汁酿造而成酒。山葡萄，也可以用来酿酒。陶弘景说用藤汁酿酒，是错误的。
味酸、咸，性平，无毒。主治安定五脏，益精气，使阴部生长并变得坚挺，增强意志、增加体力，有助于生育。又治疗突发中风，身体发热、大惊。长期服用可使身体轻盈、延缓衰老。
又名覆盆，又名陵藟，又名阴蘠。产于荆山平原沼泽及宛朐。
李云说这就是人们所吃的莓类。
味甘，性平，无毒。主治益气、使身体轻盈，使头发不白。五月采集果实。
蓬蘽是根的名称，医家不使用，那是昌容所服用的，用以改变面色。覆盆是果实的名称，李云说是莓子，形状似覆盆，但以津液汁为味，其核非常微小细致。药典中所用的覆盆子略有不同。这里不清楚究竟哪个是正确的？
【谨案】
覆盆、蓬蘽果实大而甘甜，贫瘠土地则果实细小而酸。
这是果实有甘、酸之分，根部没有酸味。陶弘景认为根酸子甘，将根归入果实条目下，重复列出子条，非常轻率。
味甘，性平，无毒。主治心腹部的邪气，安定中焦、滋养脾脏，助十二经胃气，通利九窍，补少气少津，身体中的不足，大惊，四肢沉重，调和各种药物。补中益气，强力，除烦闷，治疗心下悬痛，肠鸣。长期服用可使身体轻盈、延年益寿，不名为美枣，一名良枣。八月采集，晒干。存放三年的陈枣核中的仁，烧后味苦，主治腹痛、邪气。生枣，味甘、辛，多吃令人产生寒热症状，消瘦者不可食用。叶子覆盖麻黄，能促使出汗。产于河东平原沼泽。
大枣能杀乌头毒。旧时说河东猗氏县的枣特别优异，现在出产于青州、彭城，枣形小，核细，多膏脂，很甜。郁李（此处疑为“郁”指某种加工或品种，原文语境稍显模糊，依字面译）的也不错，只是稍不及它。江东临沂金城的枣，形体大但果肉少且颜色暗，好的也可以使用。
道家方药以枣作为最佳的饵食，其皮有利的作用，肉能补虚，所以合汤剂都普遍使用它。
【谨案】
《别录》说：枣叶散服使人消瘦，久服即呕吐；擦拭热痱疮效果很好。
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats damp-bi (bi-syndrome caused by dampness) in the sinews and bones, benefits qi, increases strength, strengthens willpower, makes one plump and healthy, enables endurance of hunger, and resists wind-cold. Long-term consumption lightens the body, prevents aging, and prolongs life. It can be used to make wine, promotes water elimination, and facilitates urination. It grows in the valleys of Longxi, Wuyuan, and Dunhuang. Envoys from the Wei Kingdom often brought it; its shape resembles Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) but is sweeter and more delicious, suitable for making wine. It is said that using its vine juice yields particularly fine results. People in the north are generally plump, healthy, and cold-resistant, likely because this plant is a variation of Citrus reticulata (Chenpi/Orange peel source) adapted to Hebei. Some say it is the local variety, perhaps similar to how Zhi (Poncirus trifoliata) is related to Ju (Citrus reticulata)?
[Note]
It is similar to Putao (Vitis vinifera), yet it is a perennial plant lasting a thousand years. The method for making Putao wine involves collecting the juice from the seeds/fruits and fermenting it into wine. Shanputao (Wild grape) can also be used for wine. Tao Hongjing’s statement that vine juice should be used for wine is erroneous.
Sour and salty in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily calms the five zang organs, benefits essence and qi, promotes genital growth and firmness, strengthens willpower and increases strength, and aids fertility. It also treats sudden stroke, fever, and severe fright. Long-term consumption lightens the body and prevents aging.
Also known as Fupen, Linglei, and Yinqi. It grows in the plains and marshes of Jingshan and Wanqu.
Li Yun states that it is the berry commonly eaten by people.
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily benefits qi, lightens the body, and prevents hair whitening. Harvest the fruits in May.
Pengli refers to the root name; medical practitioners do not use it. It was consumed by Changrong to improve complexion. Fupen refers to the fruit name. Li Yun identifies it as a berry resembling Fupen in shape, with a juicy taste and very minute seeds. The Fupenzi (Rubiae Fructus) used in medicine differs slightly. It remains unclear which is correct?
[Note]
Fupen and Pengli fruits are large and sweet; those from barren land are small and sour.
This indicates that the fruits have sweet or sour variations, while the roots lack sourness. Tao Hongjing believed the roots were sour and fruits sweet, placing the root under the fruit entry and duplicating the seed section, which was highly rash.
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats evil qi in the heart and abdomen, stabilizes the middle jiao, nourishes the spleen, assists the stomach qi of the twelve meridians, unblocks the nine orifices, supplements deficient qi and fluids, addresses bodily insufficiency, severe fright, heavy limbs, and harmonizes various herbs. It tonifies the middle and benefits qi, strengthens the body, relieves irritability, and treats subcostal tension and intestinal rumbling. Long-term consumption lightens the body and prolongs life. Also known as Meizao (Beautiful Date) and Liangzao (Good Date). Harvest in August and dry in the sun. The kernels inside the pits of three-year-old aged dates, when roasted, become bitter and treat abdominal pain and evil qi. Fresh Shengzao (Fresh Jujube) is sweet and pungent; excessive consumption causes chills and fever. Emaciated individuals should avoid eating it. Covering Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) with its leaves induces sweating. It grows in the plains and marshes of Hedong.
Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) detoxifies Wutou (Aconiti Radix). Old texts state that dates from Yishi County in Hedong are exceptional. Currently, dates from Qingzhou and Pengcheng are small, have fine pits, are rich in pulp, and very sweet. Yu (possibly referring to a specific variety or processing) is also good, though slightly inferior. Dates from Linyi and Jincheng in Jiangdong are large but have less flesh and darker color; the good ones are still usable.
Daoist prescriptions consider dates the best dietary supplement. The skin has draining properties, and the flesh tonifies deficiency; thus, they are widely used in decoctions.
[Note]
The Bie Lu (Supplementary Records) states: Consuming powdered Zhaoye (Jujubae Folium) causes emaciation, and long-term use leads to vomiting; rubbing it on hot heat-rash (Feichuang) is excellent.