味苦，平，有大毒。主蛔、蛲虫，用之为散，以肥肉 汁，服方寸匕。亦丸散中用。生
西戎。
子似蓬蒿子而细，合叶、茎用之，胡名鹄虱。（新附）
主腹胀痛，脱肛。煮汁服，主胃反，小便失禁不通，及淋，中恶，尸疰，金创刃不出。
（新
水煮汁服之，解紫石英发毒，又主霍乱吐下不止，及解食牛马肉毒、腹胀、吐痢不止者。
（新附）
味甘，平，无毒。主女人产不出，煮汁饮之。一名 ，一名燕麦。生故墟野林下，叶似
麦。（新附）
年久者，主小便不通，小便数难，阴肿，中恶，脱肛，淋沥，烧灰水服之。（新附）
味甘，平，无毒。主胸胁逆气，忧恚、惊邪、恐悸，心下结痛，寒热，烦满，咳逆，止
口焦舌干，利小便，止消渴，
好唾，大腹淋沥，膈中淡水，水肿淋结，开胸腑，调脏气，伐肾邪，长阴，益气力，保神守
中。久服安魂魄、养神、不
饥、延年。一名茯菟。其有抱根者，名
五劳、七伤，口干，止惊悸，
多恚怒，
善忘，开心益智，安魂魄，养精神。生太山山谷大松下。二月、八月采，阴干。
马间为之使。案药名无马间，或者马茎，声相近故也。得甘草、防风、芍药、紫石英、
麦门冬共疗五脏。恶白蔹。
畏牡蒙、地榆、雄黄、秦胶、龟甲。今出郁州，彼土人乃故斫松作之，形多小，虚赤不佳。
自然成者，大如三、四升器，
外皮黑细皱，内坚白，形如鸟兽龟鳖者，良。又复时燥则不水。作丸散者，皆先煮之两三沸，
乃切，曝干。白色者补，
赤色利，俗
肠而开心。
调营而理胃，上品仙药也。善能断谷不饥。为药无朽蛀。
吾尝掘地得昔人所埋一块，计应卅许年，而色理无异，明其全不朽矣。其有衔松根对度
者，为茯神，是其次茯苓后
结一块也。仙方唯云茯苓，而无茯神。为疗既同，用之亦应无嫌。
〔谨
马刀为茯苓使，无名马间者，
间字草书，似刀字，写人不识，讹为间耳。陶不悟，云是马茎，谬矣。今大山亦有茯苓，白
实而块小，不复采用。今第
一出华山，形极粗大。雍州南山亦有，不如华山者。
【鹤虱】
味苦，性平，有大毒。主治蛔虫、蛲虫，将其研为散剂，用肥肉汁送服一方寸匕。也可在丸剂或散剂中使用。产于西戎地区。
果实像蓬蒿的种子但更细小，全株的叶和茎均可入药，胡语称为“鹄虱”。（新附）
【茯苓】
主治腹胀疼痛，脱肛。煮汁服用，可治疗胃反（呕吐），小便失禁不通，以及淋证，中恶邪，尸疰病，金创伤口中刀刃残留不出。
（新附）
水煮汁服用，可解紫石英引发的毒性，又主治霍乱吐泻不止，以及解除食用牛马肉引起的中毒、腹胀、呕吐腹泻不止等症状。（新附）
【茯神】
味甘，性平，无毒。主治妇女难产，煮汁饮用。又名某物，又名燕麦。生长在旧废墟、野外林下，叶子像麦子。（新附）
年代久久的茯苓，主治小便不通，小便频数且排尿困难，阴部肿胀，中恶邪，脱肛，淋沥不尽，烧成灰后用水冲服。（新附）
味甘，性平，无毒。主治胸胁部气逆上冲，忧愤惊恐，心悸不安，心下结聚疼痛，寒热往来，烦闷，咳嗽气逆，止住口焦舌干，通利小便，止消渴，减少唾液分泌过多，治疗大腹部的淋沥积水，膈膜中的淡水流注，水肿积聚，开通胸腑，调理脏气，攻伐肾邪，促进阴部生长，益气力，安神守中。长期服用可安魂魄、养精神，不感到饥饿，延年益寿。又名茯菟。那些包裹着松根的，称为茯神。这是其次于茯苓之后结成的一块。仙方中只提到茯苓，而没有茯神。因为疗效相同，使用它也没有嫌疑。
〔谨按〕
马刀是茯苓的使药，没有叫“马间”的，可能是“间”字的草书写得像“刀”字，抄写的人不认识，讹传为“间”罢了。陶弘景不明白，说是马茎，是错误的。现在大山里也有茯苓，白色结实但块小，不再采用。现在第一等出华山，形状极其粗大。雍州南山也有，但不如华山的。
[Herba Carpesii (Heshi)]
Taste: bitter. Nature: neutral. Toxicity: highly toxic. Indications: roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides) and pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis). Preparation: grind into powder, administer one cun cube with juice of fatty meat. Also used in pills and powders. Origin: Western Regions (Xirong).
Fruit resembles that of Artemisia scoparia but is finer; leaves and stems are used together. The Hu name is "Wushi" (Crow Louse). (Newly added)
[Poria (Fuling)]
Indications: abdominal distension and pain, rectal prolapse. Preparation: decoct and drink. Indications: vomiting/reflux (Wei Fan), urinary retention or incontinence, stranguria (Lin syndrome), sudden contraction of evil pathogens (Zhong E), corpse transmission disease (Shizhu), traumatic injuries where blades remain embedded.
(Newly added)
Administered with water: treats dysphagia (Ye Geng), heart pain, chest fullness. (Newly added)
Decocted and drunk: resolves toxicity induced by Ziqing Shi (Fluorite); treats persistent vomiting and diarrhea due to cholera-like disorder (Huoluan); resolves poisoning from eating beef or horse meat, abdominal distension, and persistent vomiting and diarrhea. (Newly added)
[Fushen]
Taste: sweet. Nature: neutral. Toxicity: non-toxic. Indications: difficult labor in women. Preparation: decoct and drink. Alternative names: [Name missing], Yanmai (Oats). Habitat: old ruins, wild forests; leaves resemble wheat. (Newly added)
Old Poria: treats urinary retention, frequent and difficult urination, genital swelling, sudden contraction of evil pathogens, rectal prolapse, dribbling stranguria. Preparation: burn to ash, mix with water and drink. (Newly added)
Taste: sweet. Nature: neutral. Toxicity: non-toxic. Indications: rebellious Qi in the chest and hypochondrium, worry, anger, fright, palpitations, knotting and pain below the heart, alternating chills and fever, vexation and fullness, cough and rebellious Qi, dry mouth and tongue, promotes urination, treats thirst-quenching deficiency (Xiaoke), excessive salivation, abdominal fluid accumulation, clear fluid in the diaphragm, edema and fluid binding, opens the chest and viscera, regulates organ Qi, attacks Kidney pathogens, promotes growth of the yin, tonifies Qi and strength, calms the spirit and maintains the center. Long-term use calms the hun and po, nourishes the spirit, prevents hunger, and prolongs life. Alternative name: Futu. Those with pine roots wrapped around them are called Fushen. This forms after Poria. Immortal formulas mention only Poria, not Fushen. Since their therapeutic effects are similar, using it causes no objection.
[Note:]
Maxillaria (Madao) is an assistant herb for Poria; there is no herb named "Majian". It is likely that the cursive script for "Jian" resembled "Dao", leading scribes to misread it as "Jian". Tao Hongjing misunderstood this, claiming it was Majing (Horse Stem), which is erroneous. There is now Poria in large mountains, white and solid but small in size, no longer adopted. The best grade comes from Huashan, extremely large in shape. There is also some in the southern mountains of Yongzhou, but inferior to that from Huashan.