味甘，平、微寒，无毒。主心腹结气，伤中、伤饱，胃络脉绝，羸瘦短气。身重、目黄，
心下支满，虚劳客热，口
干燥渴，止呕吐，愈痿蹶，强阴益精，消谷调中，保神，定肺气，安五脏，令人肥健，美颜
色，有子。久服轻身、不老、
不饥。秦名羊韭，齐名爱韭，楚名马韭，越名羊蓍，一名禹葭，一名禹余粮。叶如韭，冬夏
长生。生函谷川谷及堤 肥
土石间久废处。二月、三月、八月、十月采，阴干。
地黄、车前为之使，恶款冬、苦瓠，畏苦参、青 。函谷，即秦关。而麦门冬异于羊韭
之名矣。处处有，以四月采，
冬月作实如青珠，根似 麦，故谓麦门冬，以肥大者为好。用之汤泽抽去心，不尔令人烦，
断谷家为要。二门冬润时并
重，既燥即轻，一斤减四、五两尔。
味苦、甘，温，无毒。主风寒，湿痹，死肌，痉疸，止汗，除热，消食。主大风在身面，
风
水，逐皮间风水结肿，除心下急满，及霍乱、吐下不止，利腰脐间血，益津液，暖胃，消谷，
嗜食。作煎饵，久服轻身、
延年、不饥。一名山蓟，一名山姜，一名山连。生郑山山谷、汉中、南郑。二月、三月、八
月、九月采根，曝干。
防风、地榆为之使。郑山，即南郑也。今处处有。以蒋山、白山、茅山者为胜。十一月、
十二月、正月、二月采好，
多脂膏而甘。《仙经》云∶亦能除恶气，弭灾疹。丸散煎饵并有法。其苗又可作饮，甚香美，
去水。术乃有两种∶白术叶
大有毛而作丫，根甜而少膏，可作丸散用；赤术叶细无丫，根小苦而多膏，可作煎用。昔刘
涓子挪取其精而丸之，名守
中金丸，
可以长生。东境术大而无气烈，不任用。今市人卖者，皆以米粉涂令白，非自然，用时宜刮
去之。
〔谨案〕利小便，及用苦酒渍之，用拭面 黯极效。
味甘，性平、微寒，无毒。主治心腹部的结聚之气，内伤脾胃、饮食过饱，胃络脉断绝导致的消瘦和短气。身体沉重、目黄，心下支撑胀满，虚劳引起的客热，口干燥渴，能止住呕吐，治愈痿证和厥证，强壮阴精，促进消化、调和脾胃，保养心神，安定肺气，安宁五脏，使人身体肥壮强健，面色红润，利于生育。长期服用可轻身、抗衰老、不感到饥饿。在秦地称为羊韭，在齐地称为爱韭，在楚地称为马韭，在越地称为羊蓍，又名禹葭，又名禹余粮。叶子像韭菜，冬夏常青。生长在函谷川的河谷及堤坝肥沃的土石间或久废之地。二月、三月、八月、十月采集，阴干。地黄、车前草是它的引经药（使药），厌恶款冬花、苦瓠，畏惧苦参、青葙子。函谷就是秦关。而麦门冬不同于羊韭的名称。到处都有生长，以四月采集为佳，冬天结籽如青色珠子，根像小麦，所以叫麦门冬，以肥大者为好。使用时需用水浸泡后抽去心，否则令人烦躁，是断谷辟谷者的重要药材。天门冬和麦门冬在湿润时并重，一旦干燥就变轻，一斤仅减少四、五两而已。
味苦、甘，性温，无毒。主治风寒、湿痹、肌肉坏死、痉病黄疸，止汗，除热，消食。主治大风侵袭头面，风水水肿，驱除皮间风水结肿，消除心下急满，以及霍乱、吐泻不止，通利腰脐间的血液，补充津液，温暖胃腑，促进消化，增进食欲。制成煎剂或饵剂，长期服用可轻身、延年益寿、不感饥饿。又名山蓟，又名山姜，又名山连。生长在郑山山谷、汉中、南郑。二月、三月、八月、九月采集根部，晒干。防风、地榆是它的引经药（使药）。郑山即南郑。现在到处都有生长。以蒋山、白山、茅山出产的为优。十一月、十二月、正月、二月采集的质量最好，多脂膏且味甘。《仙经》说：也能祛除恶气，消除灾疹。制作丸、散、煎、饵都有方法。其嫩苗又可作茶饮，非常香美，能去除水气。白术有两种：白术叶大且有毛呈丫状，根甜而少脂膏，可制作丸散使用；赤术叶细无丫状，根小味苦而多脂膏，可制作煎剂使用。从前刘涓子提炼其精华制成丸药，名为守中金丸，可以长生。东方地区的白术大而缺乏气味烈性，不可任用。现在市场上售卖的，都用米粉涂抹使其变白，并非自然状态，使用时应当刮去。【谨案】能利小便，以及用醋浸泡后擦拭面部黑斑，效果极佳。
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral and slightly cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats qi stagnation in the chest and abdomen, internal injury to the middle jiao (middle energizer), overeating, severance of the stomach collateral vessels leading to emaciation and shortness of breath. It addresses heaviness of the body, yellowing of the eyes, fullness and distension under the heart (epigastric region), latent heat from deficiency labor, dry mouth and thirst. It stops vomiting, cures flaccidity syndromes (Wei Jue) and cold extremities (Jue), strengthens Yin and benefits essence, promotes digestion and harmonizes the middle jiao, nourishes the spirit, calms Lung Qi, stabilizes the Five Zang organs, makes the person robust and healthy, beautifies the complexion, and facilitates conception. Long-term use lightens the body, prevents aging, and suppresses hunger. In Qin, it is called Yangjiu; in Qi, Aijiu; in Chu, Majiu; in Yue, Yangshu. Also known as Yujia or Yuyuliang. The leaves resemble chives, remaining evergreen in winter and summer. It grows in the valleys of Hangu River and on fertile soil between dikes or in abandoned places. Harvested in the second, third, eighth, and tenth months, dried in the shade. Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Dihuang) and Plantaginis Semen (Cheqian) serve as guiding herbs (Shi). It is incompatible with Kuan Dong Hua (Adenophorae Radix) and Ku Huo (Bitter Gourd), and fears Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) and Qing Qiang Zi (Pharbitidis Semen). Hangu refers to the Qin Pass. However, Maidong differs from the name Yangjiu. It grows everywhere, best harvested in the fourth month. In winter, it produces seeds like green pearls; its roots resemble wheat grains, hence the name Maidong. Large and plump roots are preferred. When used, soak in water and remove the core, otherwise it causes irritability. It is essential for those practicing grain avoidance (Du Gu). Tianmendong and Maidong weigh heavily when moist but become lighter when dry, losing only four or five taels per jin.
Taste is bitter and sweet, nature is warm, non-toxic. It primarily treats wind-cold, bi-syndrome due to dampness, necrotic muscle tissue, spasmodic jaundice, stops sweating, clears heat, and aids digestion. It treats severe wind affecting the head and face, Feng Shui edema, expels wind-water nodules under the skin, relieves acute fullness under the heart, and halts continuous vomiting and diarrhea in Cholera-like disorders (Huo Luan). It promotes blood circulation in the waist and umbilical region, replenishes body fluids, warms the Stomach, aids digestion, and increases appetite. Prepared as decoctions or pills, long-term use lightens the body, prolongs life, and suppresses hunger. Also known as Shan Ji, Shan Jiang, or Shan Lian. It grows in the valleys of Zheng Mountain, Hanzhong, and Nanzheng. Harvest the roots in the second, third, eighth, and ninth months, and sun-dry them. Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Diyuyu (Sanguisorbae Radix) serve as guiding herbs (Shi). Zheng Mountain is Nanzheng. It is now found everywhere. Those from Jiang Mountain, Baishan, and Maoshan are superior. Best harvested in the eleventh, twelfth, first, and second months; they are rich in oleoresin and sweet-tasting. The *Xian Jing* states: It can also eliminate evil qi and avert disasters and rashes. There are methods for preparing pills, powders, decoctions, and pastes. Its young shoots can be made into tea, very fragrant and delicious, and can resolve water retention. There are two types of Zhu: Bai Zhu has large, hairy leaves forming a fork shape, sweet roots with little oleoresin, suitable for pills and powders; Chi Zhu has fine, unforked leaves, small bitter roots with much oleoresin, suitable for decoctions. In ancient times, Liu Juanzi extracted its essence to make pills named Shouzhong Jin Wan, which could promote longevity. Zhu from the eastern regions is large but lacks potent aroma and efficacy, thus not usable. Current market sellers coat it with rice flour to whiten it, which is unnatural; it should be scraped off before use. [Note]: It promotes urination. Soaking it in vinegar and wiping it on the face to treat severe hyperpigmentation is highly effective.