【歌】头疼声重外伤风，咳嗽憎寒鼻不通。若是重衣兼浓被，肺因壅热内生风。
【论】肺主皮毛，司腠理开阖。然气卫于外，虽有风寒，不能为害。若元气稍虚，不能卫护皮毛，则腠理
疏泄，风邪因得而侵之，内舍于肺。故头疼声重，鼻塞流涕，憎寒壮热，咳嗽咽干之证现焉，此外因于风也。
若平素内火炽盛，乘克肺金，或因重衣浓被，壅热于上，热极则生风，亦有声重鼻塞，咳嗽咽干，音哑之形证
焉，此非外来之风，内因也。因外感者，以辛凉、辛温之剂发散之。因内受者，火甚生风也，以凉、寒苦，兼
升散之剂解之，不可执一治也。
外感
外感风邪，皮毛腠理先受，内舍于肺。风邪束于外，内热不泄，上炎于肺。故鼻塞声重，头目不清而痛，
咳嗽流涕，恶风，轻则参苏饮，重则十神汤。寒月无汗用麻黄汤，有汗桂枝汤。
参苏饮
治感冒风寒，胸胁满闷，咳嗽头疼，身重吐痰，或中脘停痰，憎寒壮热，状如伤寒，用此汤。
人参（上） 苏叶（上） 枳壳（中） 桔梗（中） 陈皮（中） 前胡（中） 半夏（下） 甘草（下）
木香（中） 茯苓（中）
上，用姜三片，水煎服。
天寒感冒，恶寒无汗，鼻塞声重，咳嗽者，加麻黄、杏仁、金沸草汗之。若天气和暖，伤风咳嗽有痰者，
去木香，加桑白皮、杏仁。内有痰热，加片芩。若胸满痰多者，加栝蒌仁、贝母，去半夏。若痰唾如胶者，加
金沸草。若气急，喘不止者，加贝母、苏子、杏仁、五味子，去苏叶。肺寒咳嗽，加干姜、五味子。若热咳嗽，
加片芩、麦冬、荆芥，去半夏、木香。若心下痞满而嗽，加枳实、黄连。若胸中烦热，或停滞酒不散，或嘈杂
恶心，亦加黄连、枳实，再加干葛、陈皮、乌梅，去木香、苏叶。烦躁不宁，加辰砂。表有热，加柴胡。里有
热，加芩、连。头痛、咳嗽加细辛。
十神汤
治时令不正，瘟疫妄行，感冒发热，或欲出疹。此药不问阴、阳，两感风寒，并皆治之。
川芎（一钱） 甘草（炙，七分） 麻黄（一钱） 干葛（一钱） 苏叶（一钱） 升麻（一钱） 赤芍药
（八分） 白芷（一钱） 陈皮（一钱） 香附（一钱）
上锉，一剂，生姜三片，水煎服。
如发热头痛，加连须葱白。中满气实，加枳壳、桔梗。
天气和暖，加黄芩，去麻黄。
麻黄汤（方见发热条。）
桂枝汤（方见恶寒条。）
内受
上焦原有痰火炽盛，肺为火烁，又因衣被浓重，上焦热壅，肺经受伤，虽无外邪，风热内盛。亦有鼻塞声
重，音哑，头目不清，鼻流清涕，咳嗽之证，防风通圣散、消风百解散主之。
防风通圣散（方见中风条。）
消风百解散
荆芥（上） 白芷（中） 陈皮（上，去白） 麻黄（中，去节） 苍术（中） 甘草（下）
上，用葱白、生姜煎服。
如咳嗽，加乌梅。
川芎茶调散
治诸风上攻，头目昏重，鼻塞声壅及偏正头疼。
薄荷（上） 川芎（次） 羌活（中） 甘草（中） 白芷（中） 防风（下） 荆芥（次）
上为细末，每服二钱，食后茶清调下。
头痛，倍川芎、羌活，加细辛。咳嗽痰多，加前胡、金沸草。
【歌诀】头痛、声音沉重是外感风邪，咳嗽、怕冷、鼻塞不通。如果穿着厚衣盖着厚被，肺气因壅滞生热而内生风邪。
【论述】肺主司皮毛，掌管腠理（皮肤纹理及汗孔）的开合。然而卫气护卫于体表，即使有风寒之邪，也不能造成伤害。若元气稍虚，不能卫护皮毛，则腠理疏松泄越，风邪因此得以侵入，内舍于肺脏。所以出现头痛、声音沉重、鼻塞流涕、怕冷且高热、咳嗽咽干等症状，这是外因风邪所致。如果平时体内火气炽盛，乘势克制肺金（五行中火克金），或者因为穿厚衣盖厚被，导致热气壅积于上部，热极则生风，也会出现声音沉重、鼻塞、咳嗽咽干、声音嘶哑等证候，这不是外来的风邪，而是内因所致。对于因外感引起的，用辛凉或辛温的药剂发散治疗。对于因内受引起的，是火盛生风，用凉性、寒性及苦味药，配合升散性质的药剂解除，不可固执于一种治法。
外感
外感风邪，先侵犯皮毛腠理，内舍于肺。风邪束缚于体表，内部热量无法宣泄，向上熏灼肺脏。所以出现鼻塞、声音沉重、头目不清爽且疼痛、咳嗽流涕、怕风等症状。轻症用参苏饮，重症用十神汤。寒冷月份无汗的用麻黄汤，有汗的用桂枝汤。
参苏饮
治疗感冒风寒，胸胁部胀满闷痛，咳嗽头痛，身体沉重吐痰，或者中脘部停聚痰饮，怕冷且高热，症状像伤寒病，使用此方。
人参、紫苏叶、枳壳、桔梗、陈皮、前胡、半夏、甘草、木香、茯苓。
以上药材，用生姜三片，加水煎服。
天气寒冷感冒，怕冷无汗，鼻塞声音沉重，咳嗽的，加麻黄、杏仁、金沸草以发汗。如果天气和暖，伤风咳嗽有痰的，去掉木香，加桑白皮、杏仁。体内有痰热的，加黄芩。如果胸满痰多的，加瓜蒌仁、贝母，去掉半夏。如果痰液粘稠如胶的，加金沸草。如果气急，喘息不止的，加贝母、苏子、杏仁、五味子，去掉紫苏叶。肺寒咳嗽的，加干姜、五味子。如果是热咳，加黄芩、麦冬、荆芥，去掉半夏、木香。如果心下痞满而咳嗽，加枳实、黄连。如果胸中烦热，或者饮酒停滞不散，或者嘈杂恶心，也加黄连、枳实，再加葛根、陈皮、乌梅，去掉木香、紫苏叶。烦躁不安的，加辰砂。表有热的，加柴胡。里有热的，加黄芩、黄连。头痛、咳嗽加细辛。
十神汤
治疗时令不正，瘟疫流行，感冒发热，或者想要出疹子。此药不分阴证、阳证，两感风寒，都进行治疗。
川芎、炙甘草、麻黄、葛根、紫苏叶、升麻、赤芍药、白芷、陈皮、香附。
以上切碎，一剂药，用生姜三片，加水煎服。
如果发热头痛，加带须的葱白。中焦胀满气实，加枳壳、桔梗。
天气和暖，加黄芩，去掉麻黄。
内受
上焦原本就有痰火炽盛，肺被火邪灼烧，又因为衣被厚重，上焦热气壅塞，肺经受伤，虽然没有外邪，但风热在体内旺盛。也有鼻塞声音沉重、声音嘶哑、头目不清爽、鼻流清涕、咳嗽等症状，用防风通圣散、消风百解散为主治。
消风百解散
荆芥、白芷、陈皮（去白）、麻黄（去节）、苍术、甘草。
以上，用葱白、生姜煎服。
如果有咳嗽，加乌梅。
川芎茶调散
治疗各种风邪上攻，头目昏重，鼻塞声音壅滞以及偏头痛或正头痛。
薄荷、川芎、羌活、甘草、白芷、防风、荆芥。
以上研为细末，每次服用二钱，饭后用茶水调服。
头痛，加倍川芎、羌活，加细辛。咳嗽痰多，加前胡、金沸草。
[Song] Headache and heavy voice indicate external wind pathogen; cough, aversion to cold, and nasal congestion are present. If wearing thick clothes and heavy quilts, lung qi becomes obstructed with heat, generating internal wind.
[Discussion] The Lung governs the skin and hair, and controls the opening and closing of the couli (pores). Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) protects the exterior; thus, even if Wind-Cold pathogens are present, they cannot cause harm. However, if Yuan Qi (Original Qi) is slightly deficient and unable to protect the skin and hair, the couli become loose and leaky, allowing Wind pathogens to invade and lodge internally in the Lung. Consequently, symptoms such as headache, heavy voice, nasal congestion with runny nose, aversion to cold with high fever, cough, and dry throat appear; this is due to an external Wind pathogen. If one normally has excessive internal fire that overacts on Metal (Lung), or if wearing thick clothes and heavy quilts causes heat to accumulate in the upper jiao, extreme heat generates wind. This also results in symptoms like heavy voice, nasal congestion, cough, dry throat, and hoarseness; this is not an external Wind pathogen but an internal cause. For cases caused by external contraction, disperse them using acrid-cool or acrid-warm formulas. For cases caused by internal reception, where excessive fire generates wind, resolve them using cooling, cold, and bitter agents combined with ascending and dispersing agents; do not adhere rigidly to a single treatment method.
External Contraction
When contracting Wind pathogens externally, the skin, hair, and couli are affected first, and the pathogen lodges internally in the Lung. The Wind pathogen binds the exterior, preventing internal heat from dissipating, which flares upward to scorch the Lung. Thus, symptoms include nasal congestion, heavy voice, unclear head and eyes with pain, cough, runny nose, and aversion to wind. For mild cases, use Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Decoction); for severe cases, use Shi Shen Tang (Ten Divine Agents Decoction). In cold months without sweat, use Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction); with sweat, use Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction).
Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Decoction)
Treats cold damage from Wind-Cold, chest and hypochondriac fullness and oppression, cough with headache, heavy body with expectoration, phlegm retention in the Zhongwan (epigastrium), aversion to cold with high fever, resembling Taiyang disease. Use this decoction.
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Zi Su Ye (Perillae Folium), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Fu Ling (Poria).
Crush the above ingredients, add three slices of fresh ginger, and decoct with water for oral administration.
In cold weather with cold damage, aversion to cold, absence of sweat, nasal congestion with heavy voice, and cough, add Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), and Jin Fei Cao (Boraginis Herba) to induce sweating. If the weather is warm, with wind damage causing cough and phlegm, remove Mu Xiang and add Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex) and Xing Ren. If there is internal phlegm-heat, add Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix). If there is chest fullness with abundant phlegm, add Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen) and Bei Mu (Fritillariae Bulbus), and remove Ban Xia. If sputum is sticky like glue, add Jin Fei Cao. If there is rapid breathing and unceasing wheezing, add Bei Mu, Su Zi (Perillae Fructus), Xing Ren, and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus), and remove Zi Su Ye. For Lung-cold cough, add Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Wu Wei Zi. For heat-induced cough, add Huang Qin, Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), and Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba), and remove Ban Xia and Mu Xiang. If there is epigastric stuffiness and cough, add Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) and Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma). If there is chest irritability and heat, or alcohol stagnation not resolving, or heartburn and nausea, also add Huang Lian, Zhi Shi, plus Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Chen Pi, and Wu Mei (Mume Fructus), and remove Mu Xiang and Zi Su Ye. For restlessness and agitation, add Chen Sha (Cinnabar). For exterior heat, add Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix). For interior heat, add Huang Qin and Huang Lian. For headache and cough, add Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma).
Shi Shen Tang (Ten Divine Agents Decoction)
Treats irregular seasonal climates, rampant epidemics, cold damage with fever, or impending eruption of rashes. This medicine treats both Yin and Yang patterns, as well as simultaneous contraction of Wind-Cold.
Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba), Gan Ge (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Zi Su Ye (Perillae Folium), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma).
Cut into pieces, take one dose, add three slices of fresh ginger, and decoct with water for oral administration.
If there is fever and headache, add Cong Bai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) with roots. If there is middle-jiao fullness and excess qi, add Zhi Ke and Jie Geng.
If the weather is warm, add Huang Qin and remove Ma Huang.
Ma Huang Tang (See formula under Fever section).
Gui Zhi Tang (See formula under Aversion to Cold section).
Internal Reception
The Upper Jiao originally has excessive phlegm-fire, scorching the Lung. Due to heavy clothing and bedding, heat accumulates in the Upper Jiao, injuring the Lung meridian. Although there is no external pathogen, Wind-Heat is abundant internally. Symptoms also include nasal congestion with heavy voice, hoarseness, unclear head and eyes, clear nasal discharge, and cough. Treat primarily with Fang Feng Tong Sheng San (Wind-Dispersing Universal Salvation Powder) and Xiao Feng Bai Jie San (Wind-Eliminating Hundred-Resolution Powder).
Fang Feng Tong Sheng San (See formula under Stroke section).
Xiao Feng Bai Jie San (Wind-Eliminating Hundred-Resolution Powder)
Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white part removed), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, nodes removed), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Decoct with Cong Bai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) and fresh ginger for oral administration.
If there is cough, add Wu Mei (Mume Fructus).
Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao San (Ligusticum Tea-Regulating Powder)
Treats various Wind pathogens attacking upward, causing dizziness and heaviness of the head and eyes, nasal congestion with muffled voice, and lateral or frontal headaches.
Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with clear tea after meals.
For headache, double the dosage of Chuan Xiong and Qiang Huo, and add Xi Xin. For cough with abundant phlegm, add Qian Hu and Jin Fei Cao.