【歌】疮疡痛痒皆心火，疥癣多缘血热生。干湿两端分湿热，轻扬发散郁须伸。
【论】经云∶诸痛痒疮疡，皆属心火。盖疮者，疥癣之总名，疡者，有头小疮也。《原病式》云∶热甚则
灼而为疮，溃而为脓水，犹谷、肉、果、菜，热极则腐而为污水也。又云∶热胜于阴，则为疮疡。然疥有五∶
干疥、湿疥、虫疥、沙疮、脓窠疮之别。干者以开郁为主，湿者以燥湿为主，虫疥以退热杀虫为主，沙疮以活
血清心为主，脓窠以治热燥湿为主。癣亦有五∶风癣、顽癣、湿癣、马癣、牛皮癣之别，皆由肺受邪毒，运于
四肢，以生肉蠹。治之之法，不过清热驱湿，疏风散郁，凉血杀虫之剂，治之无不效。虽然疥癣皮肤之恙，非
心腹之疾，不足为患，久而不已，元气因而亏损，以致 羸者多矣。
疥疮
干疥，开郁为主，吴茱萸散敷，或黄连、大黄末猪胆调敷。湿疥，一上散。沙疮，剪草散。脓窠，三黄散。
吴茱萸散
干疥用之。
吴茱萸（二钱） 白矾（二钱，枯） 寒水石（二钱五分） 蛇床子（三钱） 黄柏（一钱） 大黄（一钱）
硫黄（一钱） 樟脑（五分） 轻粉（五分） 槟榔（一个）
末之，油调敷。
一上散
治湿疥
雄黄（三钱五分） 寒水石（一两） 白胶香（一两） 黑狗脊（一两） 蛇床子（一两） 枯白矾（五钱）
黄连（五钱） 吴茱萸（三钱） 硫黄（三钱） 斑蝥（十四个，去翅、足）
末之，和匀，洗疮令汤透去痂，用蜡脂油调，手中心擦热，鼻中嗅二、三次，却擦上，一上即愈。
剪草散
治沙疮。
寒水石（二钱） 芜荑（二钱） 剪草（一钱） 枯白矾（一钱） 吴茱萸（一钱） 黄柏（一钱） 苍术
（五分） 浓朴（五分） 雄黄（五分） 蛇床子（三钱） 轻粉（二钱）
末之，香油调，敷患处。
三黄散
治脓窠
芜荑（半两） 枯白矾（半两） 软石膏（半两） 大黄（半两） 樟脑（半两） 贯众（一两） 蛇床子（一
两） 硫黄（二钱五分） 雄黄（二钱五分）
末之，油调敷。
诸疮癣
干癣，羊蹄根汁调腻粉涂之；又，野狼巴草、川槿皮、海桐皮末之，河水调敷；或白胶香末入轻粉少许，油
调擦之，铁锈油调涂之。头疮，黄丹、轻粉、枯白矾等分，油调敷。甲疽疮，绿矾散。月蚀疮，胡粉散。上疳
疮，轻粉散。下疳疮，炉甘石散；或灯心灰入轻粉少许干贴；或熊胆、片脑、轻粉等分，末之，贴。大带疮，
百合根研烂，频敷。火丹疮，遍身赤肿痛，寒水石、石膏各三两，黄柏、甘草各一两，末之，巴蕉汁调敷。征
肤疮，遍身如鱼目，无脓，升麻煎百沸，入蜜二匙，鹅翎蘸敷。 疮及杖疮，翠玉膏。汤火疮，
白蛤壳 存性，研末，油调搽极效；或保生救苦散、黑白散。
绿矾散
治甲疽疮。
绿矾（炒，五钱） 芦荟（生，一钱） 麝香（一字）
研极细，以小绢袋盛药，纳指于袋中，扎定，瘥，去之。
胡粉散
治月蚀疮。
胡粉（炒，一钱） 枯白矾（一钱） 黄丹（炒，一钱） 黄连（一钱） 轻粉（一钱） 胭脂（五分） 麝香
（少许）
末之，洗疮净，拭干敷之。干者，油调敷。
轻粉散
治上疳。
黄柏（蜜炙，三钱） 密陀僧（三钱） 黄丹（三钱） 高末茶（三钱） 轻粉（三钱） 乳香（三钱） 麝香（少
许）
末之，葱汤洗疮净，此药敷之。
炉甘石散
治下疳。
炉甘石（一两六钱） 黄连（八钱）
用砂罐内煮，去黄连，晒干细研，入片脑半钱同研，敷患处。
翠玉膏
治 疮。
沥青（一两） 黄蜡（二钱） 铜绿（二钱） 没药（一钱）
上，将铜绿末入油调匀，将黄蜡火上熔开，下铜绿搅匀，入没药匀，倾河水盆内扯匀，油纸裹，用时口噙
水洗了，旋捻作饼子，贴疮，纸封，三日一易。
隔纸膏
治 疮，不问久近，虽腐烂至骨，此药神效。
龙骨（ ，三钱） 铅粉（三钱） 铅丹（三钱）
末之，香油或桐油调，用油纸夹隔贴之，次日又翻过贴，洗净后方可贴。
保生救苦散
治火烧、汤烫或热油烙及脱肌肉者。
寒水石（三钱） 大黄（三钱） 黄柏（三钱）
上为末，香油调，涂患处。如湿烂，干掺之。
黑白散
治汤烫、火烧烂去肌肉见骨者。
百草霜（三钱） 轻粉（一钱五分）
为末，狗油调，搽患处。
【歌诀】疮疡的疼痛与瘙痒皆归属于心火，疥癣大多因血热而生。干湿两类需区分湿热病机，治疗宜用轻扬发散之法以舒展郁结。
【论述】《内经》记载：各种疼痛、瘙痒及疮疡，都归属于心火。大概来说，“疮”是疥癣的总称，“疡”是指有头的小疮。《原病式》说：热势极盛则灼烧皮肤形成疮疡，溃破后流出脓水，就像谷物、肉类、水果、蔬菜，受热至极则腐败变成污水一样。又说：热邪胜过阴气，就会形成疮疡。然而疥疮分为五种：干疥、湿疥、虫疥、沙疮、脓窠疮的区别。干疥的治疗以开郁为主，湿疥以燥湿为主，虫疥以退热杀虫为主，沙疮以活血清心为主，脓窠疮以清热燥湿为主。癣也分为五种：风癣、顽癣、湿癣、马癣、牛皮癣的区别，都是由肺受邪毒侵袭，邪气运行至四肢，导致肌肉腐烂所致。治疗的方法，不过是使用清热祛湿、疏风散郁、凉血杀虫的方剂，治疗没有不有效的。虽然疥癣只是皮肤的疾病，并非心腹内脏的大疾，不足以造成严重危害，但如果长久不愈，元气因此亏损，导致身体消瘦虚弱的人就很多了。
【疥疮】
干疥，以开郁为主，可用吴茱萸散外敷，或用黄连、大黄粉末加猪胆汁调匀外敷。湿疥，用一上散。沙疮，用剪草散。脓窠疮，用三黄散。
【吴茱萸散】
用于治疗干疥。
吴茱萸（二钱） 白矾（二钱，煅枯） 寒水石（二钱五分） 蛇床子（三钱） 黄柏（一钱） 大黄（一钱）
硫黄（一钱） 樟脑（五分） 轻粉（五分） 槟榔（一个）
研成细末，用油调匀后外敷。
【一上散】
治疗湿疥。
雄黄（三钱五分） 寒水石（一两） 白胶香（一两） 黑狗脊（一两） 蛇床子（一两） 枯白矾（五钱）
黄连（五钱） 吴茱萸（三钱） 硫黄（三钱） 斑蝥（十四个，去翅、足）
研成细末，混合均匀。先洗疮处，使药汤渗透并去除痂皮，然后用蜡脂油调匀，在手心中擦热，闻嗅二三次后，再涂抹患处，一次即可痊愈。
【剪草散】
治疗沙疮。
寒水石（二钱） 芜荑（二钱） 剪草（一钱） 枯白矾（一钱） 吴茸萸（一钱） 黄柏（一钱） 苍术
（五分） 浓朴（五分） 雄黄（五分） 蛇床子（三钱） 轻粉（二钱）
研成细末，用香油调匀，敷于患处。
【三黄散】
治疗脓窠疮。
芜荑（半两） 枯白矾（半两） 软石膏（半两） 大黄（半两） 樟脑（半两） 贯众（一两） 蛇床子（一
两） 硫黄（二钱五分） 雄黄（二钱五分）
研成细末，用油调匀外敷。
【诸疮癣】
干癣，用羊蹄根汁调匀腻粉涂抹；或者，将野狼巴草、川槿皮、海桐皮研成粉末，用河水调匀外敷；或者将白胶香粉末加入少许轻粉，用油调匀擦拭，或用铁锈油调匀涂抹。头疮，用黄丹、轻粉、枯白矾等分，用油调匀外敷。甲疽疮，用绿矾散。月蚀疮，用胡粉散。上疳疮，用轻粉散。下疳疮，用炉甘石散；或者将灯心灰加入少许轻粉干贴；或者熊胆、片脑、轻粉等分，研成粉末，贴敷。大带疮，将百合根研烂，频繁敷贴。火丹疮，遍身红肿疼痛，用寒水石、石膏各三两，黄柏、甘草各一两，研成粉末，用芭蕉汁调匀外敷。征肤疮，遍身如鱼目状，无脓液，将升麻煎煮沸腾，加入蜂蜜两匙，用鹅毛蘸取敷涂。金疮及杖疮，用翠玉膏。汤火烫伤，
白蛤壳 保留其本性，研成粉末，用油调匀搽抹极为有效；或者用保生救苦散、黑白散。
【绿矾散】
治疗甲疽疮。
绿矾（炒制，五钱） 芦荟（生用，一钱） 麝香（一字）
研磨极细，用小绢袋盛装药物，将手指放入袋中，扎紧，痊愈后取下。
【胡粉散】
治疗月蚀疮。
胡粉（炒制，一钱） 枯白矾（一钱） 黄丹（炒制，一钱） 黄连（一钱） 轻粉（一钱） 胭脂（五分） 麝香
（少许）
研成细末，洗净疮口，擦干后敷药。若伤口干燥，用油调匀外敷。
【轻粉散】
治疗上疳。
黄柏（蜜炙，三钱） 密陀僧（三钱） 黄丹（三钱） 高末茶（三钱） 轻粉（三钱） 乳香（三钱） 麝香（少
许）
研成细末，用葱汤洗净疮口，敷上此药。
【炉甘石散】
治疗下疳。
炉甘石（一两六钱） 黄连（八钱）
在砂罐内煮，取出黄连，晒干后细细研磨，加入片脑半钱一同研磨，敷于患处。
【翠玉膏】
治疗金疮。
沥青（一两） 黄蜡（二钱） 铜绿（二钱） 没药（一钱）
以上药物，先将铜绿粉末用油调匀，将黄蜡在火上熔化，倒入铜绿油中搅匀，加入没药搅匀，倒入河水盆中拉扯均匀，用油纸包裹，使用时含在口中用水洗净，随即捏成饼状，贴敷疮口，用纸封好，三天更换一次。
【隔纸膏】
治疗金疮，不论病程久近，即使腐烂至骨，此药神效。
龙骨（煅，三钱） 铅粉（三钱） 铅丹（三钱）
研成细末，用香油或桐油调匀，用油纸夹隔贴敷，第二天再翻面贴敷，洗净后方可再次贴敷。
【保生救苦散】
治疗火烧、汤烫或热油烙伤以及脱去肌肉者。
寒水石（三钱） 大黄（三钱） 黄柏（三钱）
以上药物研成粉末，用香油调匀，涂于患处。如果伤口湿烂，直接干撒药粉。
[Verse] Pain and itching of sores and ulcers all belong to Heart Fire; scabies and tinea mostly arise from blood heat. Dry and wet types are differentiated by damp-heat; gentle dispersing methods should be used to relieve stagnation.
[Discussion] The *Classic* states: "All pain, itching, sores, and ulcers belong to Heart Fire." Generally speaking, "chuang" (sores) is the general term for scabies and tinea, while "yang" (ulcers) refers to small pustules with heads. The *Yuan Bing Shi* says: "When heat is extreme, it burns the skin to form sores, which ulcerate and discharge pus and water, just as grains, meat, fruits, and vegetables rot into foul liquid when overheated." It further states: "When heat overcomes yin, sores and ulcers result." However, scabies is divided into five types: dry scabies, wet scabies, insect scabies, sand sores, and honeycomb sores. Dry scabies is treated primarily by relieving stagnation; wet scabies by drying dampness; insect scabies by clearing heat and killing parasites; sand sores by invigorating blood and clearing the heart; and honeycomb sores by clearing heat and drying dampness. Tinea is also divided into five types: wind tinea, stubborn tinea, wet tinea, horse tinea, and oxhide tinea. All are caused by pathogenic toxins affecting the Lung, circulating to the four limbs, causing flesh decay. The treatment method involves using formulas that clear heat, expel dampness, disperse wind, relieve stagnation, cool the blood, and kill parasites; such treatments are invariably effective. Although scabies and tinea are merely skin ailments and not internal diseases of the Heart or Abdomen, posing little threat, if left untreated for a long time, they deplete Yuan Qi (Original Qi), leading to many cases of emaciation and weakness.
[Scabies]
Dry scabies is treated primarily by relieving stagnation, applying Wuzhuyu San externally, or mixing Huanglian and Dahuang powder with pig bile for external application. Wet scabies is treated with Yishang San. Sand sores are treated with Jiancao San. Honeycomb sores are treated with Sanhuang San.
[Wuzhuyu San]
Used for dry scabies.
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 2 qian) Baijian (Alumen, 2 qian, calcined) Hanshuishi (Aqua Lapidis, 2.5 qian) Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus, 3 qian) Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, 1 qian) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian)
Liu Huang (Sulfur, 1 qian) Zhang Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum, 0.5 qian) Qingfen (Calomelas, 0.5 qian) Binglang (Arecae Semen, 1 piece)
Grind into fine powder, mix with oil, and apply externally.
[Yishang San]
Treats wet scabies.
Xionghuang (Realgar, 3.5 qian) Hanshuishi (Aqua Lapidis, 1 liang) Baijiaoxiang (Elemi Resina, 1 liang) Heigouji (Curculiginis Rhizoma, 1 liang) Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus, 1 liang) Ku Baijian (Calcined Alumen, 5 qian)
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 5 qian) Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 3 qian) Liu Huang (Sulfur, 3 qian) Banmao (Mylabris, 14 pieces, wings and feet removed)
Grind into fine powder and mix evenly. Wash the sore until the medicine penetrates and the crusts are removed. Mix with wax fat oil, warm in the palm of the hand, inhale twice or three times, then apply to the affected area. One application leads to cure.
[Jiancao San]
Treats sand sores.
Hanshuishi (Aqua Lapidis, 2 qian) Wuyi (Myrobalani Fructus, 2 qian) Jiancao (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, 1 qian) Ku Baijian (Calcined Alumen, 1 qian) Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 1 qian) Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, 1 qian) Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 0.5 qian) Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 0.5 qian) Xionghuang (Realgar, 0.5 qian) Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus, 3 qian) Qingfen (Calomelas, 2 qian)
Grind into fine powder, mix with sesame oil, and apply to the affected area.
[Sanhuang San]
Treats honeycomb sores.
Wuyi (Myrobalani Fructus, 0.5 liang) Ku Baijian (Calcined Alumen, 0.5 liang) Ruan Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 0.5 liang) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang) Zhang Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum, 0.5 liang) Guanzhong (Cyathulae Radix, 1 liang) Shechuangzi (Cnidii Fructus, 1 liang) Liu Huang (Sulfur, 2.5 qian) Xionghuang (Realgar, 2.5 qian)
Grind into fine powder, mix with oil, and apply externally.
[Various Sores and Tinea]
For dry tinea, mix Yangti Gen juice with Nifen (Calomelas) and apply; alternatively, grind Ye Langba Cao, Chuanjin Pi, and Haitong Pi into powder, mix with river water, and apply; or mix Baijiaoxiang powder with a small amount of Qingfen, mix with oil, and rub; or mix with rust water and apply. For head sores, mix Huangdan (Minium), Qingfen (Calomelas), and Ku Baijian (Calcined Alumen) in equal parts, mix with oil, and apply. For onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail infection), use Lvfan San. For mothsore, use Hufen San. For upper gan (ulcerative stomatitis/genital ulcer), use Qingfen San. For lower gan, use Luganshi San; or apply Dengxin Hui mixed with a small amount of Qingfen dry; or mix Xiong Dan, Pian Nao, and Qingfen in equal parts, grind into powder, and apply. For large belt sore, crush Baihe Gen and apply frequently. For huodan sore (erysipelas/shingles), characterized by widespread redness, swelling, and pain, mix Hanshuishi and Shigao (3 liang each) with Huangbai and Gancao (1 liang each), grind into powder, and mix with banana juice for application. For zhengfu sore, presenting as fish-eye-like lesions without pus, boil Shengma until bubbling, add two spoons of honey, dip a goose feather, and apply. For traumatic wounds and stick wounds, use Cuiyu Gao. For scalds and burns, calcine Bai Geke, grind into powder, mix with oil, and apply; this is highly effective; alternatively, use Baosheng Jiuku San or Heibai San.
[Lvfan San]
Treats onychocryptosis.
Lvfan (Vitrioli Viridis, stir-fried, 5 qian) Lushen (Aloe, raw, 1 qian) Shexiang (Moschus, 1 zi)
Grind extremely finely, place in a small silk bag, insert the finger, tie securely, remove when healed.
[Hufen San]
Treats mothsore.
Hufen (Cerussa, stir-fried, 1 qian) Ku Baijian (Calcined Alumen, 1 qian) Huangdan (Minium, stir-fried, 1 qian) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1 qian) Qingfen (Calomelas, 1 qian) Yanzhi (Vermilion, 0.5 qian) Shexiang (Moschus, a little)
Grind into fine powder. Clean the sore thoroughly, dry it, and apply. If dry, mix with oil and apply.
[Qingfen San]
Treats upper gan.
Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, honey-fried, 3 qian) Mituoseng (Lithargyrum, 3 qian) Huangdan (Minium, 3 qian) Gaomo Cha (Tea Dust, 3 qian) Qingfen (Calomelas, 3 qian) Ruxiang (Olibanum, 3 qian) Shexiang (Moschus, a little)
Grind into fine powder. Clean the sore with green onion soup and apply this medicine.
[Luganshi San]
Treats lower gan.
Luganshi (Calamina, 1 liang 6 qian) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 8 qian)
Boil in a clay pot, remove Huanglian, dry, and grind finely. Add Pian Nao (Borneolum Naturalis, 0.5 qian) and grind together. Apply to the affected area.
[Cuiyu Gao]
Treats traumatic wounds.
Qingxi (Bitumen, 1 liang) Huangla (Beeswax, 2 qian) Tonglv (Malachite, 2 qian) Moyao (Myrrha, 1 qian)
Take the above ingredients. First, mix Tonglv powder with oil. Melt Huangla over fire, add the Tonglv-oil mixture, stir evenly, add Moyao, and stir evenly. Pour into a basin of river water and pull/stretch until uniform. Wrap in oil paper. When using, rinse with water held in the mouth, knead into a cake, apply to the wound, seal with paper, and change every three days.
[Gezhi Gao]
Treats traumatic wounds, regardless of duration; even if rotted to the bone, this medicine is miraculous.
Longgu (Fossilis Os Costae et Femoris, calcined, 3 qian) Qianfen (Plumbi Carbonas, 3 qian) Qiandan (Minium, 3 qian)
Grind into fine powder. Mix with sesame oil or tung oil. Apply sandwiched between layers of oil paper. Flip and reapply the next day after cleaning.
[Baosheng Jiuku San]
Treats burns, scalds, hot oil injuries, and tissue loss.
Hanshuishi (Aqua Lapidis, 3 qian) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 3 qian) Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, 3 qian)
Grind into powder. Mix with sesame oil and apply to the affected area. If wet and ulcerated, sprinkle dry powder directly.
[Heibai San]
Treats scalds and burns where flesh is lost exposing bone.
Baicaoshuang (Carbonis Herbae, 3 qian) Qingfen (Calomelas, 1.5 qian)
Grind into powder. Mix with dog oil and apply to the affected area.