手少阳之脉。起于小指次指之端(次指端。关冲之位也)。上出两指之间(本节前。腋门
后。
中渚穴也)。循手表腕(阳池穴分也)。出臂外两骨之间(两骨之间。支沟所在焉)。上贯肘(肘
后天井穴分也)。循 外上肩。而交出足少阳之后(足少阳在手少阳之后。上肩。而手少阳复
在其下)。入缺盆。交 膻中(难经云。膻中在玉堂下。同身寸之一寸六分。直两乳内平是也
)。散络心包(心包为三焦之维。故三焦脉。络心包也)。下膈。偏属三焦(手少阳为三焦之经
故其脉偏属三焦)。其支者。从膻中上出缺盆。上项挟耳后。直上出耳上角。以屈下颊至
。其支者。从耳后入耳中。出走耳前。过客主人。前交颊。至目锐 (手少阳自此交入足
少阳)。是动则病(手少阳常少血多气。今气先病。是为是动也)。耳聋。浑浑 。嗌肿喉
痹。是主气所生病者(血受病于气。是气之所生。故云。所生病也。手少阳血少气多。乃人
之常数也。亦有异于常者。灵枢经曰。手少阳之上血气盛。则眉美以长耳色美。血气皆少。
则耳焦恶色。手少阳之下血气盛。则手椿多肉。以温血气。少则寒以瘦。气少血多。则瘦而
多脉。由此。则手少阳血气多少。可得而知之也)。汗出目锐 痛。耳后肩 肘臂外皆痛。
小指次指不用。盛者。人迎大一倍于寸口。虚者。人迎反小于寸口也。
手少阳之别。名曰外关。去腕二寸。外绕臂。注胸中。合心主。病实则肘挛。虚则不收
取之所别也。
手少阳之脉。起于小指次指之端。结于腕。上循臂。结于肘。上绕 外廉。上肩走头。
合手
太阳。其支者。当曲颊入系舌本。其支者。上曲颊循耳前。属目外 。上乘颔结于角。其病
当所过者即支转筋。舌卷。治在燔针劫刺。以知为数。以痛为输。名曰季夏痹也。
邪客于手少阳之络。令人喉痹。舌卷。口干。心烦。臂外廉痛。手不及头。刺手中指次
指爪
甲。上去端如韭叶。各一 。壮者立已。老者有顷已。左刺右。右刺左。比新病数日已。
手少阳三焦经。从手走头。长五尺。左右共一丈。凡四十六穴。
关冲二穴。液门二穴。中渚二穴。阳池二穴。外关二穴。支沟二穴。会宗二穴。三阳络
二穴
四渎二穴。天井二穴。清冷渊二穴。消泺二穴。 会二穴。肩 二穴。天 二穴。天牖二
穴。翳风二穴。 脉二穴。颅息二穴。角孙二穴。丝竹空二穴。和 二穴。耳门二穴。
手少阳三焦经的经脉,起始于无名指末端(无名指端,即关冲穴的位置)。向上出于食指与无名指之间(本节骨之前,液门穴后方,即中渚穴所在)。沿手背腕部循行(即阳池穴的分界处)。出于前臂外侧两骨之间(两骨之间,即支沟穴所在)。向上穿过肘部(肘后天井穴的分界处)。沿手臂外侧上行至肩部,并出于足少阳胆经之后(足少阳胆经在手少阳三焦经之后,上肩时,手少阳三焦经反而在其下方)。进入缺盆,交贯膻中(《难经》记载:膻中位于玉堂穴下一寸六分,正对两乳内侧水平线处)。散布联络心包(心包是三焦的维系者,所以手少阳经脉联络心包)。向下穿过横膈,偏属三焦(手少阳是三焦的经脉,所以其脉偏属于三焦)。
它的分支,从膻中上行出于缺盆,上项部挟耳后,直上出耳上角,然后弯曲下行至面颊,到达眶下。另一分支,从耳后入耳中,出走耳前,经过客主人穴(上关穴),前方交叉于面颊,到达目外眦(手少阳三焦经在此处交入足少阳胆经)。
凡是本经气机变动引起的疾病(手少阳经通常血少气多,现在气先发病,这称为“是动病”),会出现耳聋、耳鸣如轰鸣声、咽喉肿痛、喉痹等症状。凡是本经所主之气发生病变引起的疾病(血液受气的影响而生病,这是气所生成的病变,所以称为“所生病”。手少阳经血少气多,这是人体的常理。也有不同于常理的情况,《灵枢经》说:手少阳经上部血气旺盛,则眉毛美丽且长,耳朵色泽美好;血气都少,则耳朵干枯色泽恶浊。手少阳经下部血气旺盛,则手部丰满多肉,因为血气温养肌肉;血气少则寒冷消瘦。气少血多,则消瘦但脉络显露。由此,可以知道手少阳经血气的多少情况了),会出现出汗、目外眦疼痛、耳后、肩部、肘部、手臂外侧均疼痛,以及无名指不能活动。
脉象方面,邪气盛实的人迎脉搏动比寸口大一倍;正气虚弱的人迎脉搏动反而小于寸口。
手少阳经的别络,名叫外关,距离腕横纹二寸,向外绕行手臂,注入胸中,与心主(心包)相合。实证表现为肘部拘挛,虚证表现为肘部弛缓不收。治疗应取该别络所出的穴位。
手少阳三焦经的经脉,起始于无名指末端,结聚于腕部,向上沿手臂循行,结聚于肘部,向上绕行手臂外侧边缘,上肩走头,与手太阳小肠经相合。它的分支,在曲颊处进入,联系舌根。另一分支,上曲颊沿耳前上行,连属目外眦,上乘颔部结聚于额角。这类病症,在经脉经过的地方就会出现筋脉牵引、转筋、舌体卷缩。治疗应采用燔针劫刺的方法,以病情好转为度,以痛点作为腧穴。这种病名叫季夏痹。
邪气侵犯手少阳经的络脉,使人咽喉痹阻,舌体卷缩,口干,心烦,手臂外侧疼痛,手不能举过头顶。治疗应针刺手中指与无名指指甲角旁,距离指尖如韭菜叶宽的地方,各刺一壮。体质强壮的人立即痊愈,年老体弱者片刻后痊愈。左病刺右,右病刺左。如果是新得的病,数日后即可痊愈。
手少阳三焦经,从手走向头,全长五尺,左右共一丈。共有四十六个穴位。
关冲穴二穴,液门穴二穴,中渚穴二穴,阳池穴二穴,外关穴二穴,支沟穴二穴,会宗穴二穴,三阳络穴二穴,四渎穴二穴,天井穴二穴,清冷渊穴二穴,消泺穴二穴,臑会穴二穴,肩髎穴二穴,天髎穴二穴,天牖穴二穴,翳风穴二穴,瘛脉穴二穴,颅息穴二穴,角孙穴二穴,丝竹空穴二穴,和髎穴二穴,耳门穴二穴。
The meridian of Hand-Shaoyang (Sanjiao) originates at the tip of the ring finger (the end of the fourth finger, where Guanzhong LI1 is located). It ascends between the index and ring fingers (anterior to the proximal interphalangeal joint, posterior to Yemen TE2, where Zhongzhu TE3 is located). It follows the dorsal aspect of the hand and wrist (the division point of Yangchi TE4). It emerges between the two bones of the forearm (between the radius and ulna, where Zhigou TE6 is located). It ascends through the elbow (the division point of Tianjing TE10 posterior to the elbow). It follows the lateral aspect of the arm, ascends to the shoulder, and passes posterior to the Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) meridian (Foot-Shaoyang is posterior to Hand-Shaoyang; when ascending to the shoulder, Hand-Shaoyang reappears inferior to it). It enters the supraclavicular fossa (Quepen), crosses the Danzhong (Conception Vessel 17) (as stated in Nan Jing: Danzhong CV17 is one cun six fen below Yutang GV19, level with the inner nipples). It scatters and connects with the Pericardium (The Pericardium serves as the support for Sanjiao; thus, the Hand-Shaoyang meridian connects with the Pericardium). It descends through the diaphragm and predominantly belongs to the Sanjiao (Hand-Shaoyang is the meridian of Sanjiao; thus, its vessel predominantly belongs to Sanjiao).
A branch arises from Danzhong, ascends out of the supraclavicular fossa, travels up the neck, flanks the ear, ascends directly to emerge above the upper angle of the ear, then curves downward to the cheek, reaching the infraorbital region. Another branch enters the ear from behind the ear, exits anterior to the ear, passes through Shangguan GB7 (Kerenzhuren), crosses anteriorly on the cheek, and reaches the outer canthus (Hand-Shaoyang intersects with Foot-Shaoyang here).
When the Qi of this meridian is disturbed ("Shi Dong" diseases, because Hand-Shaoyang typically has less blood and more Qi, and here Qi is diseased first), symptoms include deafness, roaring tinnitus, swelling of the throat, and pharyngeal obstruction. When the Qi governed by this meridian generates pathological changes ("Suo Sheng Bing" diseases, where blood is affected by Qi, hence termed diseases generated by Qi; Hand-Shaoyang has less blood and more Qi, which is the normal constant, though variations exist. Ling Shu states: If Qi and Blood are abundant in the upper part of Hand-Shaoyang, eyebrows are beautiful and long, and ears have a good color; if both are deficient, ears are dry and discolored. If Qi and Blood are abundant in the lower part, hands are plump and fleshy due to warmth and nourishment; if deficient, they are cold and emaciated. If Qi is deficient and Blood is abundant, the body is emaciated but vessels are prominent. Thus, the abundance or deficiency of Qi and Blood in Hand-Shaoyang can be known."), symptoms include sweating, pain in the outer canthus, pain in the postauricular region, shoulder, elbow, and lateral arm, and dysfunction of the ring finger.
In cases of excess, the Renying pulse (Carotid artery) is twice as large as the Cun Kou pulse (Radial artery); in cases of deficiency, the Renying pulse is smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.
The divergent collateral of Hand-Shaoyang is named Waiguan TE5. It is located two cun from the wrist crease, winds around the arm externally, injects into the chest, and combines with the Heart Master (Pericardium). In excess conditions, there is spasm of the elbow; in deficiency conditions, there is flaccidity and inability to flex. Treatment should target the point where this collateral branches off.
The meridian of Hand-Shaoyang originates at the tip of the ring finger, knots at the wrist, ascends along the arm, knots at the elbow, ascends around the lateral margin of the arm, goes to the shoulder, and travels to the head, combining with Hand-Taiyang. A branch enters at the curved jaw, connecting to the root of the tongue. Another branch ascends along the anterior aspect of the ear, attaches to the outer canthus, and ascends to the mandible, knotting at the vertex angle. Diseases in these areas manifest as twisting and cramping of tendons at the site of passage, and curling of the tongue. Treatment involves burning needle puncture (Cao Zhen), using the number of applications until improvement is perceived, and using painful points as acupoints. This condition is called Ji Xia Bi (Summer-Heat Bi Syndrome).
When pathogenic factors invade the collaterals of Hand-Shaoyang, they cause pharyngeal obstruction, curled tongue, dry mouth, mental restlessness, pain along the lateral aspect of the arm, and inability to raise the hand to the head. Treatment involves pricking the nail corner between the middle and ring fingers, at a distance from the tip like the width of a leek leaf, applying one moxa cone. Strong individuals recover immediately; older individuals recover after a short while. Treat left side for right-sided disease, and right side for left-sided disease. For new-onset diseases, recovery occurs within a few days.
The Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao Meridian runs from hand to head, measuring five chi in length. Both sides together measure one zhang. There are forty-six acupoints in total.
Guanzhong TE1 (2 points), Yemen TE2 (2 points), Zhongzhu TE3 (2 points), Yangchi TE4 (2 points), Waiguan TE5 (2 points), Zhigou TE6 (2 points), Huizong TE7 (2 points), Sanyangluo TE8 (2 points), Sidu TE9 (2 points), Tianjing TE10 (2 points), Qinglengyuan TE11 (2 points), Xiaoluo TE12 (2 points), Naohui TE13 (2 points), Jianliao TE14 (2 points), Tianliao TE15 (2 points), Tianyou TE16 (2 points), Yifeng TE17 (2 points), Chi Mai TE18 (2 points), Luxi TE19 (2 points), Jiaosun TE20 (2 points), Sizhukong TE23 (2 points), Heliao TE21 (2 points), Ermen TE22 (2 points).