夫伤寒自汗者。谓不因发散。而自然汗出者是也。内经曰。阳气卫外而为固也。卫为阳
言。卫护皮肤。肥实腠理。禁固津液。不得妄泄汗者干之而邪出。气干于卫气。气不能卫。
故于外则皮肤为之缓。腠理为之疏。由是而津液妄泄。 然润。 然出。谓之自汗也。
如发热自汗出而不愈。此卫气不和。风邪干于卫也。太阳中 。汗出恶寒身热而渴者。暑邪
干于卫者也。是知卫气固护津液。不令妄泄。心为邪气干之而出也。风寒暑湿之毒。为四时
之气。中人则为伤寒。风与暑湿为邪。皆令自汗。惟寒邪伤人独不出。寒伤荣而不伤卫。无
邪气所
干。则皮腠得以密。津液得以固。是以不出也。及其寒渐入里。得而为热。则亦使自汗出也。
盖热则荣卫通。腠理开而汗泄矣。然自汗之证。又有表里之别焉。虚实之异焉。若汗出恶风。
微恶寒者。此表未解也。必待发散而后愈。至于漏不止而恶风。及发汗发恶寒者。又皆表之
经曰。阳明发热汗出。此为热越。又曰。阳明病。发热汗多者。急下之。又非若邪气在表
而汗出之可缓也。伤寒自汗之证为常也。设或汗出发润。与其出之如油。或大如贯珠着身。
出而不流。皆为不治之证也。必手足俱周。遍身悉润。 然一时间许。烦热已而身凉和。
为佳矣。此则阴阳气和。水升火降。荣卫通流。邪出而解之也。内经曰。阳之汗。以天地
之雨名之。此之谓也。
歌云。百般汗自伤风始。风湿风温胃不和。中暑亡阳并霍乱。阳明柔 亦同科。
又论云。伤风桂枝汤。渴者五芩散。不渴者。茯苓甘草汤。自汗出而小便难者。桂枝附
子汤。自汗出而小便数者。不可行桂枝也。芍药甘草汤。风湿风温各有本条。卫不和。病患
脏无他病。时发热自汗是也。凡发汗多而漏不止者。曰漏风。亡阳桂枝附子汤。尺寸脉俱紧
主无汗。而反汗出。曰亡阳属少阳。法当咽痛。猪肤汤。甘桔汤。四肢疼而厥逆恶寒者。四
逆汤。大抵阴病四肢逆冷。额上及手背冷者。法当无汗。而有汗者。曰亡阳。四逆汤。烦躁
恶风汗出。防风白术牡蛎汤。次服小建中汤。汗多不止者。温粉揆之。霍乱手足逆冷者。四
逆汤。有热证而霍乱。及中暑者。香薷散信效。多用小柴胡汤。根据常法煎后。极冷服之效。
阳明法当多汗者。不可不知也。小便自利者。不可用承气汤攻之。宜服蜜导法。恶寒者。表
未解。桂枝汤。反无汗恶寒者。升麻葛根汤。反无汗而喘者。麻黄汤。
阳明证。自汗出。应小便不利。而反利者。津液内竭也。屎虽硬。不可攻之。宜蜜导法。
猪
方
石膏散（出圣惠方）治伤寒头痛恶寒。虚汗不止。宜服。
石膏 牡蛎（各三分烧为粉） 地骨皮 白术 五味子 黄 （锉） 麻黄根（各半两）
上
捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一中盏。煎六分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
白术散（出圣惠方）治伤寒体虚。汗出心烦。头痛恶风。宜服。
白术 麻黄（不去根节） 石膏 芎 （各三钱） 甘草（炙微赤锉） 羌活 羚羊角
屑桂
心知母（各一两） 上捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎五分。去滓。
不
计时候。温服。
治伤寒汗出不歇。宜服此方。（出圣惠方）
川大黄（锉碎微炒）。 黄连（去须） 栀子仁 黄柏（涂蜜炙微赤锉） 麻黄根（以
上各一
两）
治伤寒体虚。夜卧汗出不止。时发头旋。恶心不食。宜服此方。
人参（去芦头） 半夏（汤洗七次去滑） 黄 （锉各一两） 麻黄根（一两半） 牡
蛎（二两
烧为粉） 防风（三分去芦） 上捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎五分。
去滓。不计时候。温服。
麻黄根汤（出圣惠方）治伤寒虚汗不止。
麻黄根 黄 （锉） 龙骨（各一两） 五味子（半两） 牡蛎（二两烧为粉） 甘草
（三分炙
微赤）
白茯苓散（出圣惠方） 治伤寒脉微细。汗出不止。渐觉虚羸。宜服。
白茯苓 人参（去芦头） 麻黄根 牡蛎（烧为粉） 肉苁蓉（酒浸一宿刮去粗皮炙干
各一
两）
白术 白芍药（各三分） 五味子（半两） 上捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五
分。
去滓。不计时候。温服。
人参散（出圣惠方）治伤寒虚汗不止。多烦躁。时时惊悸。宜服。
人参（去芦头） 远志（去心） 白茯苓 麦门冬（去心） 黄 （锉） 柴胡（去苗
各半两）
甘草（一分炙微赤锉） 龙骨（一两） 上捣筛为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。
枣
三枚。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。入竹茹一分。同煎。
牡蛎散（出圣济总录）治伤寒脉候软弱。神气羸劣。虚汗不止。
牡蛎（一两烧为粉） 白茯苓 人参（去芦头） 白术 白芍药 麻黄根（各三分） 上
为捣
散。每服不计时候。以粥饮调二钱。
治伤寒体虚。汗出不止。时时心悸。宜服此方。（出圣惠方）
茯神 伏龙肝（各一两） 牡蛎（一两半烧为粉） 麻黄根（二两） 上捣细罗为散。
每服不
计时候。煎金银汤调二钱。
治伤寒汗出不止。渐至困羸。宜用此方。（出圣惠方）
牡蛎（烧为粉） 麻黄根（各五两） 滑石（三两） 丁香（一两） 甘松香（二两） 上
捣罗为
散。每度用生绢包药五两。挨身体。以汗止为度。
治伤寒湿温。汗出遍身如水。虚汗不止。宜服。（出圣惠方）
杜仲（一两去粗皮炙微黄锉） 牡蛎（二两烧为粉） 上捣罗为散。每服不计时候。以
温水
调下二钱。一方等分捣筛。向暮卧。以水服一钱。午后汗止者。不再服。服之令人干燥。若
汗不止者。复服一钱。不过再必愈。有验。天行及百病后。虚吸漏汗。遂温之。无不止者。
牡蛎散（出圣惠方）治伤寒汗不解。宜服。
牡蛎（烧为粉） 熟干地黄 白术 龙骨 人参（各一两去芦头） 甘草（炙微赤锉） 白
芍
药麦门冬（去心各半两） 黄 （二两锉） 上捣筛为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。入生
姜半
分。枣三枚。煎至六分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
又方（出圣惠方）
麻黄根 牡蛎粉 黄 （锉） 人参（去芦头） 地骨皮 龙骨（各一两） 上捣筛为
散。每
服五钱。以水一大盏。入枣三枚。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
又方（出圣惠方）
牡蛎粉 麻黄根 杜仲（去粗皮炙微黄锉） 黄 （锉各一两） 上捣细罗为散。不计
时
候。煎蛤粉调二钱。
又方（出圣惠方）
麻黄根（一两半） 故蒲扇（烧灰半两） 上捣细罗为散。每服不计时候。以牛乳汁调
下二
钱。
治大病瘥后多虚汗。及眼中流汗方。（出肘后方）
甘草 石骨（各一两） 上捣末。以浆水服方寸匕。日二服。瘥。
治大病后。虚汗出不禁。
粢粉 豉（各等分炒焦） 故竹扇（如掌大烧灰） 上合捣。以绢囊盛。粉身立止。
治汗不止方（出千金方）
上用地黄三斤。切。以水一斗。煮取三升。分三服。
又方（出千金方）
以白术叶作饮饮之。一方。白术方寸匕。日以饮服之。
治卒得汗不止方（出千金方）
以温酒服羊牛脂。一方服尿亦止。
温肺汤（出指南方）治感寒多汗。
五味子 细辛（去苗） 半夏（汤洗七次） 甘草 干姜（各一两） 上为粗末。每服
五钱。
水二盏。枣一枚。擘破。同煎一盏。去滓服。
甘草附子汤（出指南方）
甘草（一两） 附子（一两炮去皮脐） 桂（四两去皮） 上为粗末。每服五钱。水二
盏。煎
一盏。去滓服。
治吹霎冒雨。头痛恶寒。虚汗出不止。脉气沉细。头冷痛。呕逆恶心。（出护命
方）
麻黄根 芎 削术 黄橘皮（各一分） 甘草 细辛（各二铢） 上细罗为末。每服
二
钱。以水一盏。煎取八分。食后空心去滓服。
伤寒病中出现自汗的情况，是指没有经过发汗治疗，而自然出汗的现象。《内经》说：阳气护卫体表从而保持固密。卫气属于阳气的范畴，它负责护卫皮肤，使腠理（皮肤纹理和毛孔）致密坚实，约束津液，防止其无故流失。当邪气干扰卫气，导致卫气不能正常护卫时，体表的皮肤就会变得松弛，腠理变得疏松，因此津液就会无故外泄，滋润地流出，这就称为自汗。
如果发热且自汗出但病不愈，这是卫气不和，风邪干扰了卫气。太阳中暍（中暑），出现汗出、恶寒、身热且口渴的症状，这是暑邪干扰了卫气。由此可知，卫气的作用是固护津液，不让其无故流失；心被邪气干扰，导致汗出。风寒暑湿的毒气，是四季的气候变化，侵入人体就成为伤寒。风和暑湿作为邪气，都会导致自汗；只有寒邪伤人通常不出汗。因为寒邪损伤营气而不损伤卫气，如果没有其他邪气干扰，皮腠就能保持致密，津液就能得到固守，所以不出汗。等到寒气逐渐入里，郁积化热，也会导致自汗。大概是因为热盛则营卫通畅，腠理开泄，汗液排出。
然而，自汗的证候，又有表证和里证的区别，虚证和实证的不同。如果汗出怕风，轻微怕冷，这是表证未解，必须等待发散治疗后才能痊愈。至于汗漏不止且怕风，以及发汗后反而恶寒的，都属于表证。《内经》说：阳明病发热汗出，这是因为热邪向外发散。又说：阳明病，发热汗多的，应当紧急攻下。这又不是邪气在表而汗出的情况可以缓慢处理的。伤寒自汗的证候是常见的。假如出现汗出后头发湿润，或者汗出如油，或者汗珠大如串珠附着在身上，流出但不流淌，这些都是不治的死证。必须是手足周身遍身微微润泽，持续大约一顿饭的时间，烦热消退后身体凉爽平和，这才是佳兆。这说明阴阳之气调和，水升火降，营卫通畅流动，邪气随汗而出而病解。《内经》说：人的汗，就像天地间的雨一样命名，说的就是这个道理。
歌诀云：各种自汗多由伤风引起，风湿、风温导致胃气不和，中暑亡阳及霍乱，阳明病的柔痉也属同类。
又论述说：伤风用桂枝汤；口渴的用五苓散；不口渴的用茯苓甘草汤。自汗出且小便困难的，用桂枝附子汤；自汗出且小便频数的，不可使用桂枝汤，应用芍药甘草汤。风湿和风温各有专门的治疗条文。卫气不和，患者脏腑没有其他疾病，只是时常发热自汗，这是典型的卫气不和证。凡是发汗过多导致汗漏不止的，称为漏风，用亡阳桂枝附子汤。寸脉尺脉都紧主无汗，反而汗出的，称为亡阳，属少阳病，法当咽痛，用猪肤汤、甘桔汤。四肢疼痛且厥冷恶寒的，用四逆汤。大抵阴病四肢逆冷，额头及手背冷的，法当无汗，而有汗的，称为亡阳，用四逆汤。烦躁怕风汗出的，用防风白术牡蛎汤，随后服用小建中汤。汗多不止的，用温粉扑身。霍乱手足逆冷的，用四逆汤。有热证的霍乱，以及中暑的，用香薷散非常有效，多用小柴胡汤，按照常规方法煎煮后，极冷服用效果佳。阳明病法当多汗的，不可不知。小便自利的，不可用承气汤攻下，宜用蜜导法。恶寒的，说明表未解，用桂枝汤。反而无汗恶寒的，用升麻葛根汤。反而无汗且喘的，用麻黄汤。
阳明证，自汗出，应该小便不利，反而通利的，说明津液在内枯竭。大便虽然硬，不可攻下，宜用蜜导法。
石膏散（出自《圣惠方》），治疗伤寒头痛恶寒，虚汗不止，适宜服用。
药材：石膏、牡蛎（各三分，烧成粉）、地骨皮、白术、五味子、黄芪（锉碎）、麻黄根（各半两）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一中盏，煎至六分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
白术散（出自《圣惠方》），治疗伤寒体质虚弱，汗出心烦，头痛恶风，适宜服用。
药材：白术、麻黄（不去根节）、石膏、川芎（各三钱）、甘草（炙微红锉碎）、羌活、羚羊角屑、桂心、知母（各一两）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一大盏，加入生姜半分，煎至五分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
治疗伤寒汗出不止的方子，适宜服用此方。（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：川大黄（锉碎微炒）、黄连（去须）、栀子仁、黄柏（涂蜜炙微红锉碎）、麻黄根（以上各一两）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一中盏，煎至六分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
治疗伤寒体质虚弱，夜间卧睡汗出不止，时常头晕，恶心不想吃东西，适宜服用此方。
药材：人参（去芦头）、半夏（汤洗七次去滑腻）、黄芪（锉碎，各一两）、麻黄根（一两半）、牡蛎（二两，烧成粉）、防风（三分去芦）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一大盏，加入生姜半分，煎至五分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
麻黄根汤（出自《圣惠方》），治疗伤寒虚汗不止。
药材：麻黄根、黄芪（锉碎）、龙骨（各一两）、五味子（半两）、牡蛎（二两，烧成粉）、甘草（三分，炙微红）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一中盏，煎至六分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
白茯苓散（出自《圣惠方》），治疗伤寒脉象微细，汗出不止，逐渐感觉虚弱消瘦，适宜服用。
药材：白茯苓、人参（去芦头）、麻黄根、牡蛎（烧成粉）、肉苁蓉（酒浸一夜刮去粗皮炙干，各一两）、白术、白芍药（各三分）、五味子（半两）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一大盏，煎至五分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
人参散（出自《圣惠方》），治疗伤寒虚汗不止，多烦躁，时时惊悸，适宜服用。
药材：人参（去芦头）、远志（去心）、白茯苓、麦门冬（去心）、黄芪（锉碎）、柴胡（去苗，各半两）、甘草（一分，炙微红锉碎）、龙骨（一两）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一大盏，加入生姜半分、大枣三枚，煎至五分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。可加入竹茹一分，同煎。
牡蛎散（出自《圣济总录》），治疗伤寒脉象软弱，神气虚弱，虚汗不止。
药材：牡蛎（一两，烧成粉）、白茯苓、人参（去芦头）、白术、白芍药、麻黄根（各三分）。
制法：捣碎成为散剂。每次不限时候，用米粥汁调服二钱。
治疗伤寒体质虚弱，汗出不止，时时心悸，适宜服用此方。（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：茯神、伏龙肝（各一两）、牡蛎（一两半，烧成粉）、麻黄根（二两）。
制法：捣碎过细罗成为散剂。每次不限时候，煎金银汤调服二钱。
治疗伤寒汗出不止，逐渐导致困倦虚弱，宜用此方。（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：牡蛎（烧成粉）、麻黄根（各五两）、滑石（三两）、丁香（一两）、甘松香（二两）。
制法：捣碎过罗成为散剂。每次用生绢包药五两，擦拭身体，以汗止为度。
治疗伤寒湿温，汗出遍身如水，虚汗不止，适宜服用。（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：杜仲（一两，去粗皮炙微黄锉碎）、牡蛎（二两，烧成粉）。
制法：捣碎过罗成为散剂。每次不限时候，用温水调服二钱。另一方法是将药物等分捣筛，傍晚睡觉时，用水送服一钱，午后汗止者，不再服用。服药会让人干燥。若汗不止，再服一钱，不超过两次必愈，确有验效。天行疫病及百病之后，虚损吸漏汗，随即温服，没有不止的。
牡蛎散（出自《圣惠方》），治疗伤寒汗不解，适宜服用。
药材：牡蛎（烧成粉）、熟干地黄、白术、龙骨、人参（各一两，去芦头）、甘草（炙微红锉碎）、白芍药、麦门冬（去心，各半两）、黄芪（二两，锉碎）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用四钱，用水一中盏，加入生姜半分、大枣三枚，煎至六分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
又一方（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：麻黄根、牡蛎粉、黄芪（锉碎）、人参（去芦头）、地骨皮、龙骨（各一两）。
制法：捣碎过筛成为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水一大盏，加入大枣三枚，煎至五分，去渣滓。不限时候，温服。
又一方（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：牡蛎粉、麻黄根、杜仲（去粗皮炙微黄锉碎）、黄芪（锉碎，各一两）。
制法：捣碎过细罗成为散剂。不限时候，煎蛤粉调服二钱。
又一方（出自《圣惠方》）
药材：麻黄根（一两半）、旧蒲扇（烧灰半两）。
制法：捣碎过细罗成为散剂。每次不限时候，用牛乳汁调服二钱。
治疗大病初愈后多虚汗，以及眼中流汗的方子。（出自《肘后方》）
药材：甘草、石骨（各一两）。
制法：捣成末。用浆水送服方寸匕，每日二次，病愈。
治疗大病后，虚汗出不禁。
药材：粢粉、豆豉（各等分炒焦）、旧竹扇（如手掌大小烧灰）。
制法：混合捣碎，用绢袋盛装，扑身立即停止。
治疗汗不止的方子（出自《千金方》）
用地黄三斤，切碎，用水一斗，煮取三升，分三次服用。
又一方（出自《千金方》）
用白术叶做茶饮饮用。另一方法，用白术方寸匕，每天用饮服之。
治疗突然得汗不止的方子（出自《千金方》）
用温酒送服羊牛脂。另一方法，服用尿也能止。
温肺汤（出自《指南方》），治疗感寒多汗。
药材：五味子、细辛（去苗）、半夏（汤洗七次）、甘草、干姜（各一两）。
制法：成为粗末。每次服用五钱，水二盏，大枣一枚，掰破，同煎一盏，去渣滓服用。
甘草附子汤（出自《指南方》）
药材：甘草（一两）、附子（一两，炮去皮脐）、桂（四两，去皮）。
制法：成为粗末。每次服用五钱，水二盏，煎一盏，去渣滓服用。
治疗吹风冒雨，头痛恶寒，虚汗出不止，脉气沉细，头冷痛，呕逆恶心。（出自《护命方》）
药材：麻黄根、川芎、白术、黄芪、橘皮（各一分）、甘草、细辛（各二铢）。
制法：细罗成为末。每次服用二钱，用水一盏，煎取八分，食后空腹去渣滓服用。
In the context of Shanghan (Cold Damage), spontaneous sweating refers to the phenomenon where sweat occurs naturally without prior diaphoretic treatment. The *Neijing* states: "Yang Qi protects the exterior and maintains consolidation." Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) belongs to Yang, responsible for protecting the skin and ensuring the integrity of Couli (skin pores and interstices), thereby restraining body fluids and preventing their unregulated loss. When pathogenic factors interfere with Wei Qi, causing it to fail in its protective function, the skin becomes lax and Couli become loose, leading to the unregulated leakage of body fluids, which flow out moistly; this is termed spontaneous sweating.
If fever accompanies spontaneous sweating but the condition does not resolve, it indicates disharmony of Wei Qi due to Wind Pathogen interfering with Wei. In Taiyang Zhongshu (Heatstroke), symptoms such as sweating, aversion to cold, fever, and thirst indicate Summerheat Pathogen interfering with Wei. Thus, the function of Wei Qi is to consolidate body fluids and prevent unregulated loss; when the Heart is disturbed by pathogenic factors, sweating occurs. The toxic influences of Wind, Cold, Summerheat, and Dampness are seasonal climatic changes; when they invade the human body, they constitute Shanghan. Wind, Summerheat, and Dampness as pathogens all cause spontaneous sweating; only Cold Pathogen typically does not cause sweating upon invasion. This is because Cold damages Ying (Nutritive) Qi rather than Wei Qi. Without interference from other pathogens, Couli remain tight and body fluids are consolidated, hence no sweating. However, as Cold gradually penetrates inward and transforms into Heat, it can also induce spontaneous sweating. Generally, excessive Heat leads to the smooth flow of Ying and Wei, opening of Couli, and subsequent sweating.
However, spontaneous sweating syndromes have distinctions between Exterior and Interior patterns, and Deficiency and Excess patterns. If sweating is accompanied by aversion to wind and mild aversion to cold, the Exterior pattern has not resolved and requires diaphoresis for cure. If sweating continues like a leak with aversion to wind, or if aversion to cold appears after diaphoresis, these belong to Exterior patterns. The *Neijing* states: "In Yangming disease, fever with sweating indicates the dispersal of Heat." It also says: "In Yangming disease, fever with profuse sweating requires urgent purgation." This differs from cases where sweating occurs due to Exterior pathogens, which can be managed slowly. Spontaneous sweating in Shanghan is common. However, if hair becomes wet with sweat, or if sweat is oily, or if sweat droplets are large like beads adhering to the body but do not flow, these are signs of untreatable conditions. A favorable sign is when the whole body, including hands and feet, is slightly moist for about the duration of a meal, followed by the subsidence of irritability and heat, resulting in a cool and comfortable body. This indicates harmony of Yin and Yang, descent of Fire and ascent of Water, smooth circulation of Ying and Wei, and resolution of the pathogen through sweating. The *Neijing* states: "Human sweat is named after the rain of heaven and earth," referring to this mechanism.
The verse states: Various forms of spontaneous sweating often begin with Wind Strike; Wind-Damp and Wind-Warmth lead to Stomach Disharmony; Summerheat causing Yang Collapse and Huoluan (Cholera-like syndrome); Yangming Roujing (Soft Spasm) belongs to the same category.
Further discussion states: For Wind Strike, use Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction); for thirst, use Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria); for no thirst, use Fuling Gancao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction). For spontaneous sweating with difficulty in urination, use Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction); for spontaneous sweating with frequent urination, Guizhi Tang is contraindicated; instead, use Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction). Wind-Damp and Wind-Warmth have specific treatment sections. Disharmony of Wei Qi, where the patient has no internal organ pathology but experiences intermittent fever and spontaneous sweating, is characteristic. When excessive diaphoresis leads to continuous leaking sweat, it is called "Leaking Wind"; use Wangyang Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Yang-Collapse Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction). Tight pulses at both Cun and Chi positions usually indicate absence of sweating; if sweating occurs instead, it is called Yang Collapse, belonging to Shaoyang disease, typically presenting with sore throat; treat with Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction) and Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction). For limb pain with cold extremities and aversion to cold, use Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction). Generally, in Yin diseases with cold extremities and cold forehead/back of hands, sweating should be absent; if present, it is Yang Collapse, treated with Sini Tang. For irritability, aversion to wind, and sweating, use Fangfeng Baizhu Muli Tang (Saposhnikovia, Atractylodes, and Oyster Shell Decoction), followed by Xiaojianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction). For profuse unceasing sweating, apply Wenfen (Warm Powder) externally. For Huoluan with cold extremities, use Sini Tang. For Huoluan with Heat signs or Summerheat, Xiangru San (Elsholtzia Powder) is highly effective; Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is often used, brewed conventionally and taken very cold for best effect. One must know that Yangming disease typically involves profuse sweating. If urination is normal, Chengqi Tang (Gastrointestinal Purge Decoctions) is contraindicated; use Honey Suppository method instead. For aversion to cold, indicating unresolved Exterior, use Guizhi Tang. For paradoxical absence of sweating with aversion to cold, use Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifuga and Kudzu Root Decoction). For paradoxical absence of sweating with wheezing, use Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction).
In Yangming syndrome, spontaneous sweating should be accompanied by difficulty in urination; if urination is free, it indicates exhaustion of internal body fluids. Although stool is hard, purgation is contraindicated; use Honey Suppository method.
Shigao San (Gypsum Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats Shanghan with headache, aversion to cold, and unceasing deficiency sweating.
Ingredients: Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder) (each 3 fen); Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Baizhu (Atractodis Rhizoma), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Huangqi (Astragali Radix) (cut) (each half liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one zhongzhan of water until six parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats Shanghan with physical weakness, sweating with irritability, headache, and aversion to wind.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractodis Rhizoma), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and nodes retained), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (each 3 qian); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, slightly red, cut), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Lingyangjiaoxie (Saigae Tataricae Cornu), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (each 1 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one dazhan of water plus half a fen of fresh ginger until five parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Formula for treating unceasing sweating in Shanghan (from *Shenghui Fang*).
Ingredients: Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, cut and slightly stir-fried), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, stamens removed), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, honey-fried, slightly red, cut), Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis) (each 1 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one zhongzhan of water until six parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Formula for treating night sweats in weak Shanghan patients, with dizziness, nausea, and anorexia.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix, rhizome removed), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in hot water to remove slipperiness), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, cut) (each 1 liang), Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis) (1.5 liang), Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder) (2 liang), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, rhizome removed) (3 fen).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one dazhan of water plus half a fen of fresh ginger until five parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Mahuanggen Tang (Ephedra Caulis Decoction, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats unceasing deficiency sweating in Shanghan.
Ingredients: Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, cut), Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi) (each 1 liang); Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) (half liang), Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder) (2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, slightly red) (3 fen).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one zhongzhan of water until six parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Baifuling San (Poria Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats Shanghan with fine and faint pulse, unceasing sweating, and gradual emaciation.
Ingredients: Baifuling (Poria), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, rhizome removed), Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis), Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder), Rongcongrou (Cynomorii Folium, soaked in wine overnight, scraped, dried, and fried) (each 1 liang); Baizhu (Atractodis Rhizoma), Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (each 3 fen); Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) (half liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one dazhan of water until five parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Renshen San (Ginseng Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats unceasing deficiency sweating in Shanghan with irritability and palpitations.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix, rhizome removed), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, heart removed), Baifuling (Poria), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, heart removed), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, cut), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, stems removed) (each half liang); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, slightly red, cut) (1 fen), Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi) (1 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one dazhan of water, half a fen of fresh ginger, and three jujubes until five parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time. Can add Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam) (1 fen) and decoct together.
Muli San (Oyster Shell Powder, from *Shengji Zonglu*) treats Shanghan with weak pulse, depleted spirit, and unceasing deficiency sweating.
Ingredients: Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder) (1 liang); Baifuling (Poria), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, rhizome removed), Baizhu (Atractodis Rhizoma), Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis) (each 3 fen).
Preparation: Pound into powder. Take at any time, mix 2 qian with rice broth.
Formula for treating weak Shanghan with unceasing sweating and palpitations (from *Shenghui Fang*).
Ingredients: Fushen (Poria with Pine Root), Fulonggan (Dragon's Liver) (each 1 liang), Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder) (1.5 liang), Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis) (2 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve finely. Take at any time, mix 2 qian with decoction of gold and silver.
Formula for treating unceasing sweating leading to fatigue and emaciation in Shanghan (from *Shenghui Fang*).
Ingredients: Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder), Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis) (each 5 liang); Huashi (Talcum), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (1 liang), Gansongxiang (Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma) (2 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Each time, wrap 5 liang of medicine in raw silk cloth and rub over the body until sweating stops.
Formula for treating Wet-Warmth in Shanghan with profuse watery sweating and unceasing deficiency sweating (from *Shenghui Fang*).
Ingredients: Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex, bark removed, fried slightly yellow, cut) (1 liang), Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder) (2 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take at any time, mix 2 qian with warm water. Another method: equal parts pounded and sieved; take 1 qian with water before sleep. If sweating stops by afternoon, do not take again. The medicine causes dryness. If sweating persists, take another 1 qian; it will likely cure within two doses. Effective. For epidemic diseases and post-illness deficiency sweating, taking it warm stops sweating immediately.
Muli San (Oyster Shell Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats Shanghan with unresolved sweating.
Ingredients: Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Baizhu (Atractodis Rhizoma), Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, rhizome removed) (each 1 liang); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, slightly red, cut), Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, heart removed) (each half liang), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, cut) (2 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 4 qian per dose, decoct with one zhongzhan of water, half a fen of fresh ginger, and three jujubes until six parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Another formula (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Ingredients: Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis), Muli Fen (Ostreae Concha Powder), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, cut), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, rhizome removed), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi) (each 1 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct with one dazhan of water and three jujubes until five parts remain, strain. Take warm at any time.
Another formula (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Ingredients: Muli Fen (Ostreae Concha Powder), Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex, bark removed, fried slightly yellow, cut), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, cut) (each 1 liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve finely. Take at any time, mix 2 qian with clam powder decoction.
Another formula (from *Shenghui Fang*)
Ingredients: Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis) (1.5 liang), Gu Pushan (Old Cattail Fan, ash from burning) (half liang).
Preparation: Pound and sieve finely. Take at any time, mix 2 qian with cow milk.
Formula for post-illness deficiency sweating and sweating from eyes (from *Zhouhou Fang*).
Ingredients: Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shigu (Os Costae) (each 1 liang).
Preparation: Pound into powder. Take with Jiangshui (fermented grain liquid) using a square-inch spoon, twice daily. Cure.
Formula for unceasing deficiency sweating after severe illness.
Ingredients: Zipin (Glutinous Rice Flour), Chi (Fermented Soybeans) (equal parts, stir-fried until charred), Gu Zhushan (Old Bamboo Fan, palm-sized, ash from burning).
Preparation: Mix and pound. Place in silk bag and dust on body to stop sweating immediately.
Formula for stopping sweating (from *Qianjin Fang*)
Use 3 jin of Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), chopped. Decoct with 10 dou of water until 3 sheng remain. Divide into three doses.
Another formula (from *Qianjin Fang*)
Drink tea made from Baizhu leaves. Alternatively, take 1 square-inch spoon of Baizhu powder daily with drink.
Formula for sudden unceasing sweating (from *Qianjin Fang*)
Take sheep or beef fat with warm wine. Alternatively, drinking urine stops sweating.
Wenfei Tang (Warm Lung Decoction, from *Zhinan Fang*) treats profuse sweating due to Cold invasion.
Ingredients: Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, stems removed), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in hot water), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) (each 1 liang).
Preparation: Make coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, with 2 zhan of water and one jujube (broken). Decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take.
Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice and Aconite Decoction, from *Zhinan Fang*)
Ingredients: Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, roasted, skin and navel removed) (1 liang), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, bark removed) (4 liang).
Preparation: Make coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, with 2 zhan of water. Decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take.
Formula for headache, aversion to cold, unceasing deficiency sweating, deep and fine pulse, cold head pain, vomiting, and nausea caused by wind and rain exposure (from *Huming Fang*).
Ingredients: Mahuanggen (Ephedrae Caulis), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractodis Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 1 fen); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) (each 2 zhu).
Preparation: Sieve finely into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with 1 zhan of water. Decoct until 8 fen remain, strain, and take after meals on an empty stomach.