(附论)
夫天行病大小便不通。此由脾胃有热。发汗太过。则津液竭。津液竭。则胃干燥。结热
在内。故大便不通。又汗后津液虚少。其人小肠有伏热。故小便不通。
方
广济柴胡散 治天行热气。恶寒头疼壮热。大小便涩。
柴胡(八分) 茵陈(十分) 黄芩(八分) 土瓜根(一钱) 白藓皮(八分) 青
木香(一钱)
栀子仁(十分擘) 大黄(二钱四分) 芒硝(一钱二分) 上捣为散。平晨空心以新汲水
服五六
钱。少时当一两行。微利后。煮葱、豉、稀粥食之。热如未歇。明晨更服四钱。热歇停药。
忌热食、猪肉、油腻等。
柴胡汤 治天行恶寒壮热。头痛。大小便赤涩。不下饮食。
柴胡(七分) 茵陈(七分) 大黄(一钱二分) 升麻(七分) 栀子(四枚擘) 芒
硝(四分
汤成下) 芍药(七分) 黄芩(十二分) 上切。以水四升。先渍药一时。猛火煮取二升
五合。
分温三服。服相去如人行六七里。再进一服。以快利为度。第二服利。则不须再服。忌热食、
炙肉、蒜、粘食等物。
近效主天行后。两胁胀满。
以炒盐熨之。如小便涩。亦用盐熨脐下。
滑石汤 治天行病。腹胀满。大小便不通。
滑石(一钱四分研) 葶苈(一合纸上炒令紫色捣) 大黄(三分切) 上以水一大升。
煎取
四合。顿服。
(附论)
所谓天行病导致的大小便不通,这是由于脾胃有热。如果发汗过度,就会导致津液枯竭。津液枯竭,则胃中干燥,热邪结聚在体内,所以大便不通。另外,发汗后津液亏虚减少,患者小肠内有潜伏的热邪,所以小便不通。
方剂
广济柴胡散:治疗天行热病。症状包括恶寒、头痛、壮热(高热)、大小便涩滞不畅。
药材及用量:柴胡(八分),茵陈(十分),黄芩(八分),土瓜根(一钱),白鲜皮(八分),青木香(一钱),栀子仁(十分,掰开),大黄(二钱四分),芒硝(一钱二分)。
制法与服法:将上述药材捣碎成散剂。清晨空腹时,用新汲取的冷水送服五六钱。不久应当排便一到两次。轻微通利后,吃煮葱、豆豉和稀粥。如果热势未退,第二天早晨再服用四钱。热退后停药。忌食热性食物、猪肉、油腻等。
柴胡汤:治疗天行病引起的恶寒、壮热、头痛,以及大小便赤红涩滞、无法进食。
药材及用量:柴胡(七分),茵陈(七分),大黄(一钱二分),升麻(七分),栀子(四枚,掰开),芒硝(四分,汤成后加入),芍药(七分),黄芩(十二分)。
制法与服法:将药材切碎,用水四升,先将药物浸泡一个时辰(两小时)。用猛火煎煮,取汁二升五合。分三次温服。每次服药间隔时间相当于人行走六七里的路程。若需再次进服,以大便通畅为度。如果第二服后已通利,则不需要再服。忌食热性食物、烤肉、蒜、粘性食物等。
近效方:主治天行病后出现的两胁胀满。
用法:用炒热的盐熨烫患处。如果小便涩滞,也用盐熨烫脐下部位。
滑石汤:治疗天行病引起的腹胀满,大小便不通。
药材及用量:滑石(一钱四分,研细),葶苈子(一合,在纸上炒至紫色后捣碎),大黄(三分,切碎)。
制法与服法:用水一大升,煎煮取汁四合,一次性顿服。
(Attached Discussion)
The condition of urinary and fecal retention caused by epidemic febrile diseases (Tianxing Bing) arises from heat in the Spleen and Stomach. Excessive sweating depletes Body Fluids (Jin Ye). When Body Fluids are depleted, the Stomach becomes dry, and pathogenic heat accumulates internally, resulting in constipation. Furthermore, after sweating, Body Fluids are deficient and reduced; if latent heat resides in the Small Intestine, it leads to dysuria or anuria.
Formulas
Guangji Chaihu San (Broad Benefit Bupleurum Powder): Treats epidemic heat diseases characterized by aversion to cold, headache, high fever, and difficult urination and defecation.
Ingredients: Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Tu Gua Gen (Trichosanthis Radix), Bai Xian Pi (Dictamni Cortex), Qing Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas).
Preparation and Administration: Pound the ingredients into a powder. Take 5–6 qian on an empty stomach in the early morning with fresh well water. Bowel movements should occur once or twice shortly thereafter. After mild purgation, consume congee cooked with green onions and fermented soybeans. If the fever persists, take 4 qian the following morning. Discontinue medication when the fever subsides. Avoid hot foods, pork, and greasy substances.
Chai Hu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction): Treats epidemic diseases presenting with aversion to cold, high fever, headache, red and difficult urination and defecation, and inability to eat.
Ingredients: Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus), Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix).
Preparation and Administration: Cut the herbs. Soak in 4 sheng of water for one shichen (two hours). Boil vigorously until 2.5 sheng remains. Divide into three warm doses. The interval between doses should correspond to the time it takes a person to walk 6–7 li. Administer a subsequent dose only if necessary, aiming for free bowel movement. If the second dose results in purgation, do not administer further doses. Avoid hot foods, roasted meat, garlic, and sticky foods.
Jin Xiao Formula (Near-Efficacy Formula): Mainly treats distension and fullness in both hypochondriac regions following epidemic diseases.
Administration: Apply moxibustion-like warming with fried salt. If urination is difficult, apply warmed salt below the umbilicus.
Shi Hu Tang (Talcum Decoction): Treats epidemic diseases characterized by abdominal distension and fullness, and urinary and fecal retention.
Ingredients: Shi Hu (Talcum), Ting Li (Lepidii Semen), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma).
Preparation and Administration: Add 1 sheng of water. Decoct until 4 he remains. Take all at once in a single dose.