太阳之为病。脉浮。头项强痛而恶寒。
（经曰。尺寸俱浮者。太阳受病。太阳主表。为诸阳主气。脉浮。头项强痛而恶寒者。
太阳
太阳病。发热。汗出恶风。脉缓者。名为中风。
（风。阳也。寒。阴也。风则伤卫。发热汗出恶风者。卫中风。营病发热无汗。不恶风
而恶寒
腠躁。
太阳病。或已发热。或未发热。必恶寒。体痛。呕逆。脉阴阳俱紧者。名曰伤寒。
（经曰。凡伤于寒。则为病热。为寒气客于经中。阳经怫结而成热也。中风即发热者。
风为
伤
痛
者。
伤寒一日，太阳受之。脉若静者。为不传。颇欲吐。若躁烦。脉数急者。为传也。
（太阳主表。一日则太阳受邪。至二日当传阳明。若脉气微而不传。阳明胃经受邪。则
喜吐
伤寒二三日。阳明少阳证不见者。为不传也。
（伤寒二三日。无阳明、少阳证。知邪不传。止在太阳经中也。）
太阳病。发热而渴。不恶寒者。为温病。
（发热而渴。不恶寒者。阳明也。此太阳受邪。知为温病。非伤寒也。积温成热。所以
发热
若发汗已。身灼热者。名曰风温。风温为病。脉阴阳俱浮。自汗出。身重多眠睡。鼻息
必鼾
时螈
（伤寒发汗已。则身凉。若发汗已。身灼热者。非伤寒。为风温也。风伤于上。而阳受
风气
伤气
也。
便不
不利
则火
逆。
命期
病有发热恶寒者。发于阳也。无热恶寒者。发于阴也。发于阳者。七日愈。发于阴者。
六日
（阳为热也。阴为寒也。发热而恶寒。寒伤阳也。无热而恶寒。寒伤阴也。阳法火。阴
法水
太阳病。头痛。至七日以上自愈者。以行其经尽故也。若欲作再经者。针足阳明。使经
不传
（伤寒自一日至六日。传三阳三阴经尽。至七日当愈。经曰。七日太阳病衰。头痛少愈。
若
太阳病欲解时。从巳至未上。
（巳为正阳。则阳气得以复也。始于太阳。终于厥阴。六经各以三时为解。而太阳从巳
至未
以
三经解时。从亥至卯。以阴道常乏也。内经曰。阳中之太阳。通于夏气。则巳午未
也。）
风家。表解而不了了者。十二日愈。
（中风家。发汗解后。未全快畅者。十二日大邪皆去。六经悉和。则愈。）
病患身大热。反欲得近衣者。热在皮肤。寒在骨髓也。身大寒。反不欲近衣者。寒在皮
肤。热在骨髓也。
（皮肤言浅。骨髓言深。皮肤言外。骨髓言内。身热欲得衣者。表热里寒也。身寒不欲
衣者
太阳中风。阳浮而阴弱。阳浮者。热自发。阴弱者。汗自出。啬啬恶寒。淅淅恶风。翕
翕发
（阳以候卫。阴以候营。阳脉浮者。卫中风也。阴脉弱者。营气弱也。风并于卫。则卫
实而
足也
寒复
所覆
桂枝汤方
桂枝（三两去皮味辛热） 芍药（三两味苦酸微寒） 甘草（二两炙味甘平） 生姜（三
两切
味辛
（内经曰。辛甘发散为阳。桂枝汤。辛甘之剂也。所以发散风邪。内经曰。风淫所胜。
平以
淫于内。以甘缓之。以辛散之。是以生姜、大枣为使也。） 上五味。 咀。以水七升。微
火煮取
许。遍身 。微似有汗者。益佳。不可令如水流漓。病必不除。若一服。汗出病瘥。停后
服。不
者。
禁
太阳病。头痛发热。汗出恶风者。桂枝汤主之。
（头痛者。太阳也。发热汗出恶风者。中风也。与桂枝汤。解散风邪。）
太阳病。项背强KT KT 。反汗出恶风者。桂枝加葛根汤主之。
（KT KT 者。伸颈之貌也。动则伸颈摇身而行。项背强者。动则如之。项背KT
KT者。当无汗。
麻黄主表实。后葛根
与此方同。其无汗者。当用
太阳病。下之后。其气上冲者。可与桂枝汤方。用前法。若不上冲者。不可与之。
（太阳病属表。而反下之。则虚其里。邪欲乘虚传里。若气上冲者。里不受邪。而气逆。
上
已
太阳病。三日。已发汗。若吐。若下。若温针。仍不解者。此为坏病。桂枝不中与也。
观其
（太阳病。三日中。曾经发汗、吐、下、温针。虚其正气。病仍不解者。谓之坏病。言
为医
桂枝本为解肌。若其人脉浮紧。发热汗不出者。不可与也。常须识此。勿令误也。
（脉浮发热。汗出恶风者。中风也。可与桂枝汤解肌。脉浮紧。发热不汗出者。伤寒也。
可
若酒客病。不可与桂枝汤。得汤则呕。以酒客不喜甘故也。
（酒客内热。喜辛而恶甘。桂枝汤甘。酒客得之。则中满而呕。）
喘家。作桂枝汤。加浓朴杏子佳。
（太阳病。为诸阳主气。风甚气拥。则生喘也。与桂枝汤以散风。加浓朴、杏仁以降气。）
凡服桂枝汤吐者。其后必吐脓血也。
（内热者。服桂枝汤则吐。如酒客之类也。既亡津液。又为热所搏。其后必吐脓血。吐
脓血
得之
太阳病。发汗。遂漏不止。其人恶风。小便难。四肢微急。难以屈伸者。桂枝加附子汤
主之
（太阳病。因发汗。遂汗漏不止而恶风者。为阳气不足。因发汗。阳气益虚。而皮腠不
固也
气虚
液
太阳病。下之后。脉促。胸满者。桂枝去芍药汤主之。若微恶寒者。去芍药。方中加附
子汤
（脉来数。时一止。复来者。名曰促。促为阳盛。则不因下后而脉促者也。此下后脉促。
不
为
阴
太阳病。得之八九日。如疟状。发热恶寒。热多寒少。其人不呕。清便欲自可。一日二三度
发。脉微缓者。为欲愈也。脉微而恶寒者。此阴阳俱虚。不可更发汗。更下。更吐也。面色
反有热色者。未欲解也。以其不能得小汗出。身必痒。宜桂枝麻黄各半汤。
（伤寒八九日。则邪传再经。又遍三阳。欲传三阴之时也。传经次第。则三日传遍三阳。
至
不
进
热
里
发
脉
脉
青
而为痒也。与桂枝麻黄各半汤。小发其汗。以除表邪。）
太阳病。初服桂枝汤。反烦不解者。先刺风池风府。却与桂枝汤。则愈。
（烦者。热也。服桂枝汤后。当汗出而身凉和。若反烦不解者。风甚而未能散也。先刺
风池
服桂枝汤。大汗出。脉洪大者。与桂枝汤如前法。若形如疟。日再发者。汗出必解。宜
桂枝
（经曰。如服一剂。病证犹在者。故当复作本汤服之。服桂枝汤。汗出后。脉洪大者。
病犹
服桂枝汤。大汗出后。大烦渴不解。脉洪大者。白虎加人参汤主之。
（大汗出。脉洪大而不渴。邪气犹在表也。可更与桂枝汤。若大汗出。脉洪大而烦渴不
解者
太阳病。发热恶寒。热多寒少。脉微弱者。此无阳也。不可发汗。宜桂枝二越婢一汤方。
桂枝二越婢一汤方
桂枝（去皮） 芍药 甘草（各十八铢） 生姜（一两三钱切） 大枣（四枚擘） 麻
黄（十八铢去
（胃为十二经之主。脾治水谷。为卑脏。若婢。内经曰。脾主为胃行其津液。是汤所以
谓之
以
汤。
服桂枝汤。或下之。仍头项强痛。翕翕发热。无汗。心下满。微痛。小便不利者。桂枝
去桂
（头项强痛。翕翕发热。虽经汗下。为邪气仍在表也。心下满。微痛。小便利者。则欲
成结
茯苓
伤寒脉浮。自汗出。小便数。心烦。微恶寒。脚挛急。反与桂枝汤。欲攻其表。此误也。
得
芍
者
（脉浮。自汗出。小便数而恶寒者。阳气不足也。心烦。脚挛急者。阴气不足也。阴阳
血气
躁吐
得伸
针。
四逆
甘草干姜汤方
甘草（四两炙味甘平） 干姜（二两炮味辛热）
（内经曰。辛甘发散。为汤。甘草、干姜相合。以复阳气。） 上二味。 咀。以水三
升。煮
芍药甘草汤方
白芍药（四两苦酸微寒） 甘草（四两炙甘平）
（芍药白补而赤泻。白收而赤散也。酸以收之。甘以缓之。酸甘相合。用补阴血。） 上
二味
调胃承气汤方
大黄（四两去皮清酒浸） 甘草（二两炙味甘平） 芒硝（半斤味咸苦大寒）
（内经曰。热淫于内。治以咸寒。佐以苦甘。芒硝咸寒以除热。大黄苦寒以荡实。甘草
甘平
火。微
四逆汤方
甘草（二两炙味甘平） 干姜（一两半味辛热） 附子（一枚生用去皮破八片辛大热）
（内经曰。寒淫于内。治以甘热。又曰。寒淫所胜。平以辛热。甘草、姜、附相合。为
甘辛
分温
问曰。证象阳旦。按法治之而增剧。厥逆。咽中干。两胫拘急而谵语。师曰。言夜半手
足当温。两脚当伸。后如师言。何以知此。答曰。寸口脉浮而大。浮则为风。大则为虚。风
则生
厥
尚
（阳旦。桂枝汤别名也。前证脉微。自汗出。小便数。心烦。微恶寒。脚挛急。与桂枝
汤证
枝汤加
阳复而
乱。少
太阳病的主要特征是：脉象浮，头痛、项部僵硬疼痛并且怕冷。
（经典著作中说：寸口和尺部的脉象都呈现浮象的，是太阳经受邪。太阳经主司体表，统领诸阳经之气。出现脉浮、头痛、项强痛且恶寒的症状，就是太阳病。）
太阳病中，如果发热、出汗、怕风，脉象缓弱的，称为中风证。
（风属于阳邪，寒属于阴邪。风邪容易损伤卫气。出现发热、出汗、怕风的症状，是卫气受了风邪；营分受病则发热无汗，不怕风而怕冷，腠理燥热。）
太阳病中，有的已经发热，有的尚未发热，但一定怕冷，身体疼痛，干呕，脉搏在寸关尺三部都紧硬的，称为伤寒证。
（经典著作中说：凡是受到寒邪侵袭，就会表现为热病。这是因为寒气客居在经脉之中，导致阳经郁结不通而产生热。中风证立即发热的，是因为风为……[原文此处有缺漏] ……痛……[原文此处有缺漏]）
伤寒第一天，太阳经受邪。如果脉象平静没有变化，说明病邪没有传变。如果病人很想呕吐，或者烦躁不安，脉象数而急促的，说明病邪发生了传变。
（太阳经主司体表，第一天邪气侵犯太阳。到了第二天应当传入阳明经。如果脉气微弱而没有传变，若阳明胃经受邪，则会喜欢呕吐……[原文此处有缺漏]）
伤寒第二三天，如果没有出现阳明病和少阳病的症状，说明病邪没有传变。
（伤寒二三天，没有阳明、少阳的症状，知道邪气没有传变，只停留在太阳经中。）
太阳病中，发热而且口渴，不怕冷的，称为温病。
（发热且口渴，不怕冷的，属于阳明病。这是太阳经受邪，但确认为温病，不是伤寒。积温而成热，所以……[原文此处有缺漏] 发热……[原文此处有缺漏]）
如果发汗之后，身体灼热烫手的，称为风温病。风温这种病，脉搏在寸关尺三部都浮大，自汗出，身体沉重，嗜睡，呼吸时必然打鼾，有时会出现抽搐。
（伤寒发汗后，身体应该凉爽。如果发汗后身体灼热，就不是伤寒，而是风温。风邪伤于上部，而阳气受风气……[原文此处有缺漏] 伤气……[原文此处有缺漏] 便不……[原文此处有缺漏] 不利……[原文此处有缺漏] 则火……[原文此处有缺漏] 逆……[原文此处有缺漏] 命期……[原文此处有缺漏]）
疾病中有发热恶寒表现的，是发于阳经；没有发热只有恶寒的，是发于阴经。发于阳经的，七天痊愈；发于阴经的，六天痊愈。
（阳代表热，阴代表寒。发热而恶寒，是寒邪伤了阳；无发热而恶寒，是寒邪伤了阴。阳法象火，阴法象水……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病头痛，到了七天以上自行痊愈的，是因为病邪在经脉中运行已尽的缘故。如果想要传到下一经的，针刺足阳明经，使病邪不再传变。
（伤寒从第一日到第六日，传遍三阳和三阴经。到了第七天应当痊愈。经典著作说：第七天太阳病衰退，头痛减轻。如果……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病想要解除的时间，是从巳时到未时这段时间。
（巳时是正阳之时，此时阳气得以恢复。疾病始于太阳，终于厥阴，六经各自以三个时辰来解除病邪，而太阳经是在巳时到未时……[原文此处有缺漏] 以……[原文此处有缺漏] 三经解时，从亥时到卯时，因为阴气常显不足。内经说：阳中之太阳，通应于夏气，即巳午未……[原文此处有缺漏] 也。）
患中风的人，表证虽然解除了，但感觉身体不适、不清爽的，十二天后痊愈。
（中风患者，发汗解表后，如果还没有完全畅快舒适的，十二天后大邪气全部去除，六经调和，就会痊愈。）
病人身体非常热，反而想穿厚衣服靠近热源，这是热在皮肤（浅表），寒在骨髓（深层）。身体非常冷，反而不想穿厚衣服，这是寒在皮肤，热在骨髓。
（“皮肤”指浅层，“骨髓”指深层。“皮肤”指外部，“骨髓”指内部。身体热想穿衣服，是表热里寒。身体冷不想穿衣服……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳中风证，脉象阳部（寸部）浮而阴部（尺部）弱。阳脉浮，说明热气自发；阴脉弱，说明汗液自出。病人啬啬地怕冷，淅淅地怕风，翕翕地发热……[原文此处有缺漏]
（阳脉用来候卫气，阴脉用来候营气。阳脉浮，是卫气受了风邪。阴脉弱，是营气虚弱。风邪并入卫气，则卫气实而……[原文此处有缺漏] 足……[原文此处有缺漏] 寒复……[原文此处有缺漏] 所覆……[原文此处有缺漏]）
桂枝汤方
桂枝（三两，去皮，味辛，性热） 芍药（三两，味苦、酸，微寒） 甘草（二两，炙，味甘，性平） 生姜（三两，切……[原文此处有缺漏] 味辛……[原文此处有缺漏]）
（内经说：辛甘发散为阳。桂枝汤是辛甘性质的药剂，所以能发散风邪。内经说：风邪过胜，用平和的方法治疗；风邪淫溢于内，用甘味药缓和它，用辛味药疏散它。因此用生姜、大枣作为引导药。）上五味药。切碎，用水七升，用小火煮取……[原文此处有缺漏] 许，遍身微微似有汗出的最好，不可让汗像水流一样淋漓，否则病必不能除。如果服一次药，汗出病愈，停服后面的药。不……[原文此处有缺漏] 者……[原文此处有缺漏]
禁……[原文此处有缺漏]
太阳病，头痛发热，出汗怕风的，用桂枝汤主治。
（头痛，是太阳病。发热出汗怕风，是中风证。给予桂枝汤，解散风邪。）
太阳病，项背部僵硬拘急不适（KT KT，形容伸颈之貌），反而出汗怕风的，用桂枝加葛根汤主治。
（KT KT，是伸颈的样子。活动时伸颈摇身而行，项背强者，活动时也这样。项背KT KT者，应当无汗。麻黄主表实，后文提到葛根……[原文此处有缺漏] 与此方同，其无汗者，当用……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病，误用攻下法治疗后，如果气机上冲的，可以给予桂枝汤方，使用前法煎服。如果不气上冲的，不可给予。
（太阳病属表证，却反而用攻下法，则使里气虚。邪气欲乘虚传入里。如果气上冲，说明里气不受邪，而气逆……[原文此处有缺漏] 已……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病，过了三天，已经发过汗，或者用过吐法、下法、温针，仍然不解的，这叫坏病。此时不可再给桂枝汤。
（太阳病三天中，曾经发汗、吐、下、温针，正气受损，病仍不解的，称为坏病。言……[原文此处有缺漏] 为医……[原文此处有缺漏]）
桂枝汤本是解肌发表的药物，如果病人脉浮紧，发热无汗的，不可给予。必须牢记这一点，不要弄错。
（脉浮发热，出汗怕风的，是中风证，可给桂枝汤解肌。脉浮紧，发热无汗的，是伤寒证……[原文此处有缺漏]）
如果是嗜酒的人患病，不可给桂枝汤，喝了会呕吐，因为嗜酒之人不喜欢甘味。
（嗜酒之人内有湿热，喜辛味而恶甘味。桂枝汤味甘，嗜酒之人服用，会导致中焦满闷而呕吐。）
素有喘疾的人，使用桂枝汤时，加入厚朴、杏仁效果更佳。
（太阳病为诸阳主气，风邪甚盛气机壅滞，则生喘。给予桂枝汤以散风，加厚朴、杏仁以降气。）
凡是服用桂枝汤后呕吐的，其后必定会吐脓血。
（内有热的人，服用桂枝汤则吐，如嗜酒之人之类。既亡失津液，又被热邪搏结，其后必定吐脓血。吐脓血……[原文此处有缺漏] 得之……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病，发汗后，汗漏不止，病人怕风，小便困难，四肢轻微拘急，难以屈伸的，用桂枝加附子汤主治。
（太阳病，因发汗，导致汗漏不止而怕风，这是阳气不足。因发汗，阳气更加虚弱，而皮腠不固……[原文此处有缺漏] 气虚……[原文此处有缺漏] 液……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病，误用攻下法后，脉象急促，胸部胀满的，用桂枝去芍药汤主治。如果伴有轻微怕冷的，去掉芍药，方中加入附子汤……[原文此处有缺漏]
（脉来快速，偶尔有一次停顿，然后又来的，叫做促脉。促脉表示阳盛，那么不因攻下后也会出现促脉。此处在攻下后出现促脉，不……[原文此处有缺漏] 为……[原文此处有缺漏] 阴……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病，得了八九天，像疟疾一样，发热恶寒，热多寒少。病人不呕吐，大小便基本正常，一天发作两三次，脉象微缓的，是快要痊愈的表现。脉象微而怕冷的，这是阴阳俱虚，不可再发汗、攻下或催吐。面色反红赤的，病未解除，因为不能得到小汗出，身体必定发痒，适宜用桂枝麻黄各半汤。
（伤寒八九日，则邪气传入再经，又遍涉三阳，欲传三阴之时。传经次第，则三日传遍三阳……[原文此处有缺漏] 至……[原文此处有缺漏] 不……[原文此处有缺漏] 进……[原文此处有缺漏] 热……[原文此处有缺漏] 里……[原文此处有缺漏] 发……[原文此处有缺漏] 脉……[原文此处有缺漏] 脉……[原文此处有缺漏] 青……[原文此处有缺漏] 而为痒也。与桂枝麻黄各半汤，小发其汗，以除表邪。）
太阳病，初服桂枝汤，反而出现烦闷不解的，先针刺风池、风府穴，然后再给桂枝汤，就会痊愈。
（烦，是热象。服用桂枝汤后，应当汗出而身体凉和。如果反而烦闷不解，是风邪太盛而不能消散。先刺……[原文此处有缺漏] 风池……[原文此处有缺漏]）
服用桂枝汤，大汗出后，脉象洪大的，按前法继续给桂枝汤。如果像疟疾一样，一天发作两次的，汗出必解，适宜……[原文此处有缺漏] 桂枝……[原文此处有缺漏]
（经典著作说：如果服完一剂，病证还在的，所以应当再制作本汤服用。服桂枝汤，汗出后，脉象洪大的，病犹……[原文此处有缺漏]）
服用桂枝汤，大汗出后，出现严重烦渴不解，脉象洪大的，用白虎加人参汤主治。
（大汗出，脉洪大而不渴，邪气仍在表，可再给桂枝汤。若大汗出，脉洪大而烦渴不解者……[原文此处有缺漏]）
太阳病，发热恶寒，热多寒少，脉象微弱的，这是无阳（阳气虚），不可发汗，适宜桂枝二越婢一汤方。
桂枝二越婢一汤方
桂枝（去皮） 芍药 甘草（各十八铢） 生姜（一两三钱，切） 大枣（四枚，掰开） 麻黄（十八铢，去……[原文此处有缺漏]）
（胃为十二经之主，脾治水谷，地位卑下，如同婢女。内经说：脾主为胃行其津液，是这个汤所以……[原文此处有缺漏] 谓之……[原文此处有缺漏] 以……[原文此处有缺漏] 汤……[原文此处有缺漏]）
服用桂枝汤，或者用过攻下法，仍然头项强痛，翕翕发热，无汗，心下满，微痛，小便不利的，用桂枝去桂加茯苓白术汤……[原文此处有缺漏] （注：原文此处虽未列全方名，但根据描述及后世考证，通常指桂枝去桂加茯苓白术汤，此处依原文提取实体）
（头项强痛，翕翕发热，虽然经过汗下，但邪气仍在表。心下满，微痛，小便利者，则欲……[原文此处有缺漏] 成结……[原文此处有缺漏] 茯苓……[原文此处有缺漏]）
伤寒脉浮，自汗出，小便频数，心烦，轻微怕冷，脚部拘挛急迫，反而给予桂枝汤，想要攻表，这是错误的。
得……[原文此处有缺漏] 芍……[原文此处有缺漏] 者……[原文此处有缺漏]
（脉浮，自汗出，小便数而恶寒，是阳气不足。心烦，脚挛急，是阴气不足。阴阳……[原文此处有缺漏] 血气……[原文此处有缺漏] 躁吐……[原文此处有缺漏] 得伸……[原文此处有缺漏] 针……[原文此处有缺漏] 四逆……[原文此处有缺漏]）
甘草干姜汤方
甘草（四两，炙，味甘，性平） 干姜（二两，炮，味辛，性热）
（内经说：辛甘发散。为汤。甘草、干姜相合，以恢复阳气。）上二味药。切碎，用水三升，煮……[原文此处有缺漏]
芍药甘草汤方
白芍药（四两，苦、酸，微寒） 甘草（四两，炙，甘，平）
（芍药色白补益，色赤泻泄；白色收敛，赤色发散。酸味以收敛，甘味以缓急。酸甘相合，用于补益阴血。）上二味药……[原文此处有缺漏]
调胃承气汤方
大黄（四两，去皮，清酒浸） 甘草（二两，炙，味甘，性平） 芒硝（半斤，味咸、苦，大寒）
（内经说：热淫于内，治以咸寒，佐以苦甘。芒硝咸寒以除热，大黄苦寒以荡涤实热，甘草……[原文此处有缺漏] 甘平……[原文此处有缺漏] 火，微……[原文此处有缺漏]）
四逆汤方
甘草（二两，炙，味甘，性平） 干姜（一两半，味辛，性热） 附子（一枚，生用，去皮，破成八片，味辛，大热）
（内经说：寒淫于内，治以甘热。又说：寒淫所胜，平以辛热。甘草、姜、附相合，为……[原文此处有缺漏] 甘辛……[原文此处有缺漏] 分温……[原文此处有缺漏]）
问曰：证象阳旦，按照阳旦法治之反而加重，出现四肢厥逆，咽喉干燥，两小腿拘挛急迫并伴有谵语。老师说：说半夜手足应当变暖，两脚应当伸直。后来果然像老师所说的那样。为什么能知道这一点？回答说：寸口脉浮而大，浮则为风邪，大则为虚。风……[原文此处有缺漏] 则生……[原文此处有缺漏] 厥……[原文此处有缺漏] 尚……[原文此处有缺漏]
（阳旦，是桂枝汤的别名。前证脉微，自汗出，小便数，心烦，轻微怕冷，脚挛急，与桂枝……[原文此处有缺漏] 汤证……[原文此处有缺漏] 枝汤加……[原文此处有缺漏] 阳复而……[原文此处有缺漏] 乱，少……[原文此处有缺漏]）
Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang/Bladder channel) is characterized by a floating pulse (Pulse that feels light and floats on the surface), headache, stiffness and pain in the neck and occiput, and aversion to cold.
(The Classics state: When both the Cun (inch) and Chi (cubit) pulses are floating, it indicates disease in the Taiyang channel. The Taiyang channel governs the exterior and commands the Qi of all Yang channels. The presence of a floating pulse, headache, neck stiffness/pain, and aversion to cold signifies Taiyang disease.)
In Taiyang disease, if there is fever, sweating, aversion to wind, and a slow pulse, it is named Wind Strike (Zhongfeng).
(Wind is Yang, Cold is Yin. Wind injures the Wei (Defensive) Qi. Fever, sweating, and aversion to wind indicate the Wei Qi has been struck by wind. If the Ying (Nutritive) level is diseased, there is fever without sweating, no aversion to wind but aversion to cold, and restless pores.)
In Taiyang disease, whether fever has already appeared or not, there must be aversion to cold, body pain, vomiting/reversal of Qi, and a tight pulse in all positions (Yin and Yang). This is named Cold Damage (Shanghan).
(The Classics state: Any injury by Cold results in a heat disease. This is because Cold Qi lodges in the meridians, causing Yang meridians to become blocked and generate heat. In Wind Strike, fever appears immediately because Wind is... [text missing] ...pain... [text missing])
On the first day of Cold Damage, the Taiyang channel receives the pathogen. If the pulse remains quiet/stable, the disease has not transmitted. If the patient strongly desires to vomit, or is irritable/restless, and the pulse is rapid and urgent, this indicates transmission.
(The Taiyang channel governs the exterior. On the first day, the Taiyang receives the evil. By the second day, it should transmit to the Yangming channel. If the pulse Qi is faint and does not transmit, if the Yangming Stomach channel receives the evil, then... [text missing] likes to vomit... [text missing])
On the second and third days of Cold Damage, if Yangming and Shaoyang symptoms do not appear, it means the disease has not transmitted.
(On the second and third days of Cold Damage, without Yangming or Shaoyang symptoms, we know the evil has not transmitted and remains only in the Taiyang channel.)
In Taiyang disease, if there is fever with thirst and no aversion to cold, it is Warm Disease (Wenbing).
(Fever with thirst and no aversion to cold belongs to Yangming. Although this starts as Taiyang receiving evil, it is confirmed as Warm Disease, not Cold Damage. Accumulated warmth becomes heat, thus... [text missing] fever... [text missing])
If after inducing sweating, the body becomes burning hot, it is named Wind-Warmth (Fengwen). In Wind-Warmth disease, the pulse is floating in all positions, there is spontaneous sweating, heaviness of the body, excessive sleepiness, snoring during breathing, and occasionally convulsions.
(After sweating for Cold Damage, the body should be cool. If the body is burning hot after sweating, it is not Cold Damage but Wind-Warmth. Wind injures the upper part, and Yang receives Wind Qi... [text missing] injuring Qi... [text missing] stool not... [text missing] difficult... [text missing] then Fire... [text missing] reversal... [text missing] life span... [text missing])
Diseases presenting with fever and aversion to cold originate from Yang. Diseases presenting with aversion to cold without fever originate from Yin. Those originating from Yang heal in seven days; those originating from Yin heal in six days.
(Yang represents Heat, Yin represents Cold. Fever with aversion to cold indicates Cold injured Yang. No fever with aversion to cold indicates Cold injured Yin. Yang corresponds to Fire, Yin corresponds to Water... [text missing])
In Taiyang disease, headache that resolves spontaneously after seven days occurs because the pathogen has exhausted its course in the meridian. If it is about to transmit to the next stage, needle the Foot-Yangming channel to prevent transmission.
(Cold Damage transmits through the Three Yang and Three Yin channels from day one to day six. By the seventh day, it should heal. The Classics say: On the seventh day, Taiyang disease declines, and headache lessens. If... [text missing])
The time when Taiyang disease tends to resolve is from Si hour (9-11 AM) to Wei hour (1-3 PM).
(Si is the hour of correct Yang, allowing Yang Qi to recover. Disease begins at Taiyang and ends at Jueyin. Each of the Six Channels resolves over three hours, with Taiyang resolving from Si... [text missing] to Wei... [text missing] Yi... [text missing] The resolution times for the three channels are from Hai hour (9-11 PM) to Mao hour (5-7 AM), because Yin Qi is often deficient. The Neijing states: The Great Yang within Yang connects with the Summer Qi, i.e., Si, Wu, Wei... [text missing] also.)
Patients with Wind Strike who have resolved their exterior syndrome but still feel unwell/discomfort will heal after twelve days.
(In Wind Strike patients, after sweating resolves the exterior, if they are not fully comfortable, after twelve days the major pathogens are eliminated, the Six Channels harmonize, and healing occurs.)
If a patient's body is very hot but desires to wrap themselves in clothes, the heat is in the skin (superficial) and the cold is in the bone marrow (deep). If the body is very cold but does not desire to wrap themselves in clothes, the cold is in the skin and the heat is in the bone marrow.
("Skin" refers to the superficial layer, "Bone Marrow" to the deep layer. "Skin" refers to the exterior, "Bone Marrow" to the interior. Body heat desiring clothes indicates Exterior Heat and Interior Cold. Body cold not desiring... [text missing])
In Taiyang Wind Strike, the Yang pulse (Cun/Inch position) is floating and the Yin pulse (Chi/Cubit position) is weak. A floating Yang pulse indicates spontaneous heat; a weak Yin pulse indicates spontaneous sweating. The patient shivers with aversion to cold, chills with aversion to wind, and has a mild fever... [text missing]
(Yang pulse assesses Wei Qi, Yin pulse assesses Ying Qi. A floating Yang pulse means Wei Qi is struck by wind. A weak Yin pulse means Ying Qi is weak. Wind merges into Wei Qi, making Wei Qi excess and... [text missing] sufficient... [text missing] Cold returns... [text missing] covering... [text missing])
Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) Formula
Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 liang, peeled, pungent, hot) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 3 liang, bitter-sour, slightly cold) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, honey-fried, sweet, neutral) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 liang, sliced... [text missing] pungent... [text missing])
(The Neijing states: Pungent and sweet disperse and raise are Yang. Guizhi Tang is a pungent-sweet agent, thus it disperses Wind evil. The Neijing states: When Wind prevails excessively, treat with neutrality; when Wind invades internally, soothe with sweet and disperse with pungent. Therefore, Shengjiang and Dazao are used as guides.) The above five herbs. Coarsely crush. Boil in 7 sheng of water over low heat to obtain... [text missing] Allow the patient to sweat slightly over the whole body, which is best. Do not allow profuse sweating like flowing water, otherwise the disease will not be cured. If after one dose, sweating occurs and the disease resolves, stop taking the remaining medicine. Not... [text missing] cases... [text missing]
Contraindications... [text missing]
For Taiyang disease with headache, fever, sweating, and aversion to wind, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is the primary treatment.
(Headache indicates Taiyang. Fever, sweating, and aversion to wind indicate Wind Strike. Administer Guizhi Tang to dissipate Wind evil.)
For Taiyang disease with stiffness and tension in the nape and back (KT KT, describing the appearance of extending the neck), accompanied by sweating and aversion to wind, Guizhi Jia Gegen Tang (Guizhi Decoction plus Kudzu Root) is the primary treatment.
(KT KT describes the appearance of extending the neck. Movement involves extending the neck and swaying the body. In neck/back stiffness, movement resembles this. In neck/back KT KT, there should be no sweating. Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) treats exterior excess; later Gegen (Puerariae Radix)... [text missing] Same as this formula, for those without sweating, use... [text missing])
After Taiyang disease is mistakenly treated with purgation, if there is an upward rushing of Qi, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) may be given using the previous method. If there is no upward rushing, do not give it.
(Taiyang disease belongs to the exterior, but purgation was used, weakening the interior. The pathogen seeks to transmit inward due to deficiency. If Qi rushes upward, the interior rejects the pathogen, and Qi rebels... [text missing] Already... [text missing])
If Taiyang disease persists after three days despite having undergone sweating, emesis, purgation, or warm needle therapy, this is called a Damaged Disease (Huai Bing). Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) should not be administered.
(During the first three days of Taiyang disease, if sweating, emesis, purgation, or warm needles were used, damaging the healthy Qi, and the disease remains unresolved, it is called Damaged Disease. It implies... [text missing] caused by medical error... [text missing])
Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is originally for releasing the muscle layer. If the pulse is floating and tight, with fever and no sweating, it must not be given. Remember this well to avoid error.
(Floating pulse, fever, sweating, and aversion to wind indicate Wind Strike; Guizhi Tang can release the muscle layer. Floating and tight pulse, fever, and no sweating indicate Cold Damage... [text missing])
Patients who habitually drink alcohol should not be given Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction); doing so will cause vomiting because alcoholics dislike sweet flavors.
(Alcoholics have internal heat, preferring pungent flavors and disliking sweet ones. Guizhi Tang is sweet; when taken by alcoholics, it causes fullness in the middle jiao and vomiting.)
For patients with a history of asthma, adding Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) and Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) to Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is beneficial.
(Taiyang disease commands the Qi of all Yang channels. Excessive Wind causes Qi stagnation, leading to asthma. Give Guizhi Tang to dissipate Wind, add Houpo and Xingren to direct Qi downward.)
Anyone who vomits after taking Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) will subsequently vomit pus and blood.
(Those with internal heat will vomit after taking Guizhi Tang, such as alcoholics. Having lost body fluids and being constrained by heat, they will subsequently vomit pus and blood. Vomiting pus and blood... [text missing] acquiring... [text missing])
For Taiyang disease where sweating leads to continuous leakage of sweat, aversion to wind, difficulty urinating, slight stiffness of the four limbs making flexion and extension difficult, Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Guizhi Decoction plus Prepared Aconite Root) is the primary treatment.
(Taiyang disease, due to sweating, leads to continuous leakage of sweat and aversion to wind, indicating insufficient Yang Qi. Sweating further depletes Yang Qi, causing the pores to fail to secure... [text missing] Qi deficiency... [text missing] Fluids... [text missing])
After Taiyang disease is mistakenly treated with purgation, if the pulse is hurried (Cu) and the chest is full, Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Guizhi Decoction minus Peony) is the primary treatment. If there is slight aversion to cold, remove Shaoyao and add Fuzi to the formula... [text missing]
(A pulse that comes rapidly but stops occasionally and then resumes is called Cu (hurried). Cu indicates Yang excess, so a Cu pulse can occur without purgation. Here, the Cu pulse after purgation does not... [text missing] indicate... [text missing] Yin... [text missing])
After eight or nine days of Taiyang disease, resembling malaria with fever and aversion to cold, where heat is more prominent than cold, the patient does not vomit, and bowel/bladder functions are relatively normal, with episodes occurring two or three times a day: if the pulse is slightly slow and smooth, recovery is imminent. If the pulse is faint with aversion to cold, this indicates deficiency of both Yin and Yang; do not induce sweating, purge, or emesis again. If the face appears red, the disease has not resolved because small sweating could not be achieved, and the body will likely itch; Guizhi Mahuang Ge Ban Tang (Half-Guizhi Half-Mahuang Decoction) is appropriate.
(At eight or nine days of Cold Damage, the pathogen transmits to another stage, involving the Three Yang channels, and is about to transmit to the Three Yin. The sequence of transmission fills the Three Yang in three days... [text missing] To... [text missing] Not... [text missing] Advance... [text missing] Heat... [text missing] Interior... [text missing] Emit... [text missing] Pulse... [text missing] Pulse... [text missing] Cyan... [text missing] and causes itching. Give Guizhi Mahuang Ge Ban Tang to induce slight sweating to eliminate exterior pathogens.)
In Taiyang disease, if after initially taking Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), vexation worsens and does not resolve, first needle Fengchi (GB20) and Fengfu (GV16), then administer Guizhi Tang, and the patient will heal.
(Vexation indicates Heat. After taking Guizhi Tang, sweating should occur and the body should become cool and harmonious. If vexation worsens instead, Wind is too strong to dissipate. First needle... [text missing] Fengchi... [text missing])
After taking Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), if large sweating occurs and the pulse becomes flooding (Hongda), continue giving Guizhi Tang according to the previous method. If the condition resembles malaria, recurring twice a day, sweating will resolve it; appropriate... [text missing] Guizhi... [text missing]
(The Classics state: If after one dose the symptoms persist, the same decoction should be prepared and taken again. After taking Guizhi Tang and sweating, if the pulse is flooding, the disease still... [text missing])
After taking Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), if large sweating leads to severe vexation and thirst that does not resolve, and the pulse is flooding, Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is the primary treatment.
(Large sweating, flooding pulse, but no thirst indicates the pathogen is still in the exterior; Guizhi Tang can be given again. If large sweating, flooding pulse, and severe vexation/thirst do not resolve... [text missing])
For Taiyang disease with fever and aversion to cold, heat more than cold, and a faint pulse, this indicates absence of Yang (Yang deficiency). Do not induce sweating; Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang (Two Parts Guizhi One Part Yuebi Decoction) is appropriate.
Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang (Two Parts Guizhi One Part Yuebi Decoction) Formula
Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, peeled) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, each 18 zhu) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 1 liang 3 qian, sliced) Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 4 pieces, torn) Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 18 zhu, removed... [text missing])
(The Stomach is the master of the Twelve Channels. The Spleen manages water and grain, holding a humble position, like a maid. The Neijing states: The Spleen governs transporting the fluids for the Stomach. Thus this decoction is... [text missing] called... [text missing] Yi... [text missing] Decoction... [text missing])
After taking Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) or undergoing purgation, if head and neck stiffness, mild fever, no sweating, fullness below the heart, slight pain, and difficulty urinating persist, Guizhi Qu Gui Jia Fuling Baizhu Tang (Guizhi Decoction minus Cinnamon plus Poria and Atractylodes Macrocephala)... [text missing]
(Note: The original text lists symptoms but omits the full formula name, though it implies Guizhi Qu Gui Jia Fuling Baizhu Tang based on context and subsequent herb mentions.)
(Head and neck stiffness, mild fever, even after sweating/purgation, indicate the pathogen remains in the exterior. Fullness below the heart, slight pain, if urination is free, suggests formation of knotting... [text missing] Chengjie... [text missing] Fuling (Poria)... [text missing])
In Cold Damage with a floating pulse, spontaneous sweating, frequent urination, vexation, slight aversion to cold, and cramped legs, administering Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to attack the exterior is an error.
Acquiring... [text missing] Shaoyao... [text missing] Cases... [text missing]
(Floating pulse, spontaneous sweating, frequent urition, and aversion to cold indicate Yang insufficiency. Vexation and leg cramps indicate Yin insufficiency. Yin and Yang... [text missing] Blood and Qi... [text missing] Restlessness and vomiting... [text missing] Getting extension... [text missing] Needle... [text missing] Sini... [text missing])
Gancao Ganjiang Tang (Licorice and Dried Ginger Decoction) Formula
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 4 liang, honey-fried, sweet, neutral) Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 2 liang, processed, pungent, hot)
(The Neijing states: Pungent and sweet disperse. As a decoction, Gancao and Ganjiang combined restore Yang Qi.) The above two herbs. Coarsely crush. Boil in 3 sheng of water... [text missing]
Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction) Formula
Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 4 liang, bitter-sour, slightly cold) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 4 liang, honey-fried, sweet, neutral)
(White Shaoyao tonifies, Red Shaoyao drains; White astringes, Red disperses. Sour astringes, Sweet moderates. Sour and Sweet combined are used to tonify Yin and Blood.) The above two herbs... [text missing]
Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulating the Stomach and Descending Qi Decoction) Formula
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 4 liang, peeled, soaked in clear wine) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, honey-fried, sweet, neutral) Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, half jin, salty-bitter, great cold)
(The Neijing states: For Heat prevailing internally, treat with salty-cold, assisted by bitter-sweet. Mangxiao is salty-cold to clear heat; Dahuang is bitter-cold to purge excess; Gancao... [text missing] Sweet-neutral... [text missing] Fire, slight... [text missing])
Sini Tang (Reverse Cold Decoction) Formula
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, honey-fried, sweet, neutral) Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 1.5 liang, pungent, hot) Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, one raw piece, peeled, broken into eight slices, pungent, great hot)
(The Neijing states: For Cold prevailing internally, treat with sweet-hot. Also: When Cold prevails excessively, pacify with pungent-hot. Gancao, Jiang, and Fu combined form... [text missing] Sweet-pungent... [text missing] Divide into warm doses... [text missing])
Question: The symptoms resemble Yangdan, yet treatment according to standard methods worsened the condition, causing cold extremities, dry throat, cramped calves, and delirium. The Master said: "By midnight, hands and feet will warm, and legs will extend." Later, this happened exactly as predicted. How did you know this? Answer: The Cun Kou pulse is floating and large. Floating indicates Wind, Large indicates Deficiency. Wind... [text missing] generates... [text missing] Cold extremities... [text missing] Still... [text missing]
(Yangdan is another name for Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). The previous symptoms—faint pulse, spontaneous sweating, frequent urination, vexation, slight aversion to cold, leg cramps—correspond to the Guizhi... [text missing] Tang syndrome... [text missing] Guizhi Tang added... [text missing] Yang recovers and... [text missing] Chaos, little... [text missing])