夫九窍气所通也。或塞之。斯痛矣。况鼻之为窍。肺气所恃出纳。若肺气受风邪。与正
气相搏。热气加之。不得宣通。则为出纳者窒矣。其窍既窒。而气之鼓作无已。所以干燥而
痛也。
方
五参散 治风热壅塞。鼻干痛。脑闷头重。不知香臭。
人参 沙参 丹参 玄参 苦参 山芋 茯神（去木各一两半） 独活（去芦头） 细
辛
（去苗
两一分）
山茱萸
没药散（出圣惠方）治风冷搏于肺脏。上攻于鼻。则令鼻痛。
没药（研一分） 乌蛇（酒浸去皮骨炙半两） 干蝎（去头足炒） 天南星（炮） 雄
黄（别研）
当
丁香
（炒）
匕。温
酒调下
羚羊角汤 治肺风。面色干白。鼻燥塞痛。
羚羊角（镑） 桂（去粗皮） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 细辛（去苗叶） 麻黄（去根节） 防
风（去
芦） 防己 杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒研） 麦门冬（去心焙各一两） 上粗捣筛。每服三钱匕。
以水
一盏。煎至七分去滓。温服。
白藓皮汤 治肺受风。面色枯白。颊时赤。皮肤干燥。鼻塞干痛。此为虚风。
白藓皮 麦门冬（去心焙） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 白芷（各一两半） 桑白皮（切） 石
膏（碎
各二两） 细辛（去苗叶） 杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒研各一两半） 上粗捣筛。每服三钱匕。
水三
盏。煮大豆三合。取汁一盏。去豆下药。煎至七分去滓。早晚食后。临卧温服。
秦艽汤 治因高声呼吸冷风。或因哀哭伤气。或饮食热气所冲。皆致伤肺。使气喘
促。皮肤风痒。四肢酸疼。鼻塞干痛。
秦艽（去苗土） 石膏（碎） 甘草（炙） 桑根白皮（锉） 升麻 大黄（锉炒各一
两） 枳壳
（去
分。
去
桑白皮汤 治肺壅气促。四肢酸疼。鼻塞及痛。
桑根白皮（切） 升麻 甘草（炙） 秦艽（去苗土） 大黄（锉炒各一两半） 石膏
（碎） 葛
根（
后。
临卧温服。
治鼻壅塞。
全蝎（四个去头足） 川芎（二两） 灯心（二钱） 乳香（半钱） 上为末。用纸捻
子。临睡
蘸药
治鼻塞。眼昏疼痛。脑闷。（出圣惠方）
用苦葫芦子。碎以醇酒半升浸之。夏一日。冬七日。少少纳鼻中。一方。用童子小便浸
之。
油涂方（出圣惠方）治鼻塞。干痛。
用生油一盏。常以鸡羽扫涂鼻内外。酥亦得。
治气鼻方（出海上名方）
上以石亭脂。以紫色为上。红色次之。黄色勿用。先研令极细。再滴水数点。和研半日
许。
治卒食物从鼻中缩入脑中。介介痛不出。（出肘后方）
以牛脂若羊脂。如指头大纳鼻中。以鼻吸取脂。须臾脂消。则物遂脂俱出也。雁鸭脂亦
可用。
白芷散（出直指方）治鼻痛。
杏仁（水浸去皮焙） 细辛 白芷（各一钱） 全蝎（四个焙） 上为末。麻油调敷。
治鼻痛（出圣惠方）
上以杏仁五两（个）。去皮压取油涂之。即瘥。
又敷涂药（出澹寮方）
上用上品硫黄为末。冷水调敷鼻上。夜间用敷。免妨见人也。
九窍是气机通行的通道。如果发生阻塞，就会产生疼痛。何况鼻子作为一窍，依赖肺气进行呼吸出入。若肺气受到风邪侵袭，与正气相互搏结，再加上热气的叠加，导致气机无法宣通，那么鼻子的呼吸出入功能就会受阻。既然鼻窍已经闭塞，而体内的气机鼓动不停，所以会出现干燥和疼痛的症状。
方剂：
五参散：治疗风热壅塞导致的鼻干痛、头脑昏闷沉重、嗅觉失灵（不知香臭）。
药材：人参、沙参、丹参、玄参、苦参、山芋、茯神（去除木质部分，各一两半）、独活（去除芦头）、细辛（去除苗叶，一两一分）、山茱萸、没药。
用法：上药研为细末。每次服用二钱匕，用温酒调服。
没药散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗风冷之邪搏结于肺脏，向上攻冲至鼻部，导致鼻痛。
药材：没药（研磨，一分）、乌蛇（酒浸后去皮骨，炙干，半两）、干蝎（去除头足，炒制）、天南星（炮制）、雄黄（单独研磨）、当归、丁香（炒制）。
用法：上药研为细末。每次服用二钱匕，用温酒调服。
羚羊角汤：治疗肺受风邪，面色干枯苍白，鼻燥、鼻塞且疼痛。
药材：羚羊角（镑片）、桂枝（去除粗皮）、白茯苓（去除黑皮）、细辛（去除苗叶）、麻黄（去除根节）、防风（去除芦头）、防己、杏仁（去除皮尖及双仁者，炒后研磨）、麦门冬（去除心，焙干，各一两）。
用法：将上述药物粗捣筛匀。每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎煮至七分，去渣，温服。
白藓皮汤：治疗肺受风邪，面色枯白，脸颊时常发红，皮肤干燥，鼻塞、鼻干且疼痛。这属于虚风所致。
药材：白藓皮、麦门冬（去除心，焙干）、白茯苓（去除黑皮）、白芷（各一两半）、桑白皮（切碎）、石膏（打碎，各二两）、细辛（去除苗叶）、杏仁（去除皮尖及双仁者，炒后研磨，各一两半）。
用法：将上述药物粗捣筛匀。每次服用三钱匕，用水三盏，先煮大豆三合，取汁一盏，去掉豆渣后加入药末，煎煮至七分，去渣，早晚饭后及临睡前温服。
秦艽汤：治疗因高声呼喊吸入冷风，或因哀哭伤气，或饮食热气冲撞，均会导致伤肺，引起气喘急促、皮肤风痒、四肢酸痛、鼻塞鼻干且疼痛。
药材：秦艽（去除苗土）、石膏（打碎）、甘草（炙烤）、桑根白皮（锉碎）、升麻、大黄（锉碎炒制，各一两）、枳壳（去瓤，麸炒）。
用法：上药粗捣筛匀。每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至七分，去渣，温服。
桑白皮汤：治疗肺壅滞导致气促、四肢酸痛、鼻塞及疼痛。
药材：桑根白皮（切碎）、升麻、甘草（炙烤）、秦艽（去除苗土）、大黄（锉碎炒制，各一两半）、石膏（打碎）、葛根（切片）。
用法：上药粗捣筛匀。每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至七分，去渣，临睡前温服。
治鼻壅塞方：
药材：全蝎（四个，去除头足）、川芎（二两）、灯心草（二钱）、乳香（半钱）。
用法：上药研为细末。用纸捻子蘸取药粉，临睡前插入鼻中。
治鼻塞、眼昏疼痛、头脑昏闷方（出自《圣惠方》）：
用法：用苦葫芦子，捣碎后用半升醇酒浸泡。夏季浸泡一天，冬季浸泡七天。少量滴入鼻中。另一法：用童子小便浸泡。
油涂方（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗鼻塞、鼻干痛。
用法：用生油一盏，常用鸡毛扫涂鼻腔内外。用酥油也可以。
治气鼻方（出自《海上名方》）：
用法：选用石亭脂，以紫色者为上品，红色者次之，黄色者勿用。先将石亭脂研磨至极细，再滴入几滴水，调和研磨约半个时辰。
治突然食物从鼻中缩入脑中，隐隐作痛不出方（出自《肘后方》）：
用法：用牛脂或羊脂，如指头大小纳入鼻中，用鼻吸取油脂。片刻后油脂融化，异物便会随油脂一起排出。雁鸭脂也可以使用。
白芷散（出自《直指方》）：治疗鼻痛。
药材：杏仁（水浸去皮焙干）、细辛、白芷（各一钱）、全蝎（四个，焙干）。
用法：上药研为细末，用麻油调敷患处。
治鼻痛方（出自《圣惠方》）：
用法：取杏仁五两（个），去皮压榨取油，涂抹患处，即可痊愈。
又敷涂药方（出自《澹寮方》）：
用法：用上品硫黄研为细末，用冷水调成糊状敷在鼻上。夜间使用，以免妨碍见人。
The nine orifices are the passages through which Qi circulates. If they become obstructed, pain ensues. How much more so for the nose, an orifice that relies on Lung Qi for respiration. If Lung Qi is invaded by Wind pathogen and contends with Healthy Qi, compounded by Heat, leading to a failure of free flow and diffusion, the respiratory function of the nose becomes blocked. Since the orifice is obstructed, yet the internal Qi continues to surge unceasingly, dryness and pain result.
Prescriptions:
Wushen San (Five Ginsengs Powder): Treats nasal dryness and pain, heavy sensation in the head and brain, and loss of smell due to obstruction by Wind-Heat.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Shashen (Adenophorae Radix), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Kushen (Phellodendri Cortex), Shanyu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, wood removed, 1 liang 5 qian each), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, radix removed), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, herb removed, 1 liang 1 fen), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Moyao (Myrrha).
Usage: Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian bi per dose, mixed with warm wine.
Moyao San (Myrrha Powder) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats nasal pain caused by Cold-Wind clashing with the Lung organ and attacking upwards to the nose.
Ingredients: Moyao (Myrrha, ground, 1 fen), Wushe (Bungarus multicinctus, soaked in wine, skin and bones removed, roasted, 0.5 liang), Ganxie (Scorpio, head and feet removed, roasted), Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma Praeparatum, processed), Xionghuang (Realgar, separately ground), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, roasted).
Usage: Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian bi per dose, mixed with warm wine.
Lingyangjiao Tang (Antelope Horn Decoction): Treats Lung affected by Wind, presenting with dry and pale complexion, nasal dryness, congestion, and pain.
Ingredients: Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, shaved), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, coarse bark removed), Baifuling (Poria cocos, black skin removed), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, herb removed), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, radix removed), Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, skin and tips removed, double-kernels discarded, roasted and ground), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed, dried, 1 liang each).
Usage: Coarsely crush and sieve the above herbs. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Add one cup of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 cups, strain, and take warm.
Baixianpi Tang (Dictamni Cortex Decoction): Treats Lung affected by Wind, presenting with withered and pale complexion, occasional redness of cheeks, dry skin, nasal congestion, dryness, and pain. This is attributed to Deficient Wind.
Ingredients: Baixianpi (Cortex Dictamni), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed, dried), Baifuling (Poria cocos, black skin removed), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 1.5 liang each), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex, sliced), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed, 2 liang each), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, herb removed), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, skin and tips removed, double-kernels discarded, roasted and ground, 1.5 liang).
Usage: Coarsely crush and sieve the above herbs. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Add three cups of water, boil 3 he of soybeans, extract one cup of juice, remove bean residue, add herbs, decoct until reduced to 0.7 cups, strain, and take warm after meals in the morning and evening, and before bed.
Qinjiao Tang (Gentiana Macrophylla Decoction): Treats injury to the Lung caused by inhaling cold wind while shouting loudly, emotional distress from weeping damaging Qi, or heat from food and drink rushing upwards, resulting in panting, pruritus cutis, soreness and pain in the four limbs, nasal congestion, dryness, and pain.
Ingredients: Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, seedlings and soil removed), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex, chopped), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and roasted, 1 liang each), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried).
Usage: Coarsely crush and sieve the above herbs. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Add one cup of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 cups, strain, and take warm.
Sangbaipi Tang (Morus Root Bark Decoction): Treats Lung stagnation causing panting, soreness and pain in the four limbs, nasal congestion, and pain.
Ingredients: Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex, sliced), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, seedlings and soil removed), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and roasted, 1.5 liang each), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, sliced).
Usage: Coarsely crush and sieve the above herbs. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Add one cup of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 cups, strain, and take warm before bed.
Treatment for Nasal Obstruction:
Ingredients: Quanxie (Scorpio, four pieces, head and feet removed), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 2 liang), Dengxincao (Junci Medulla, 2 qian), Ruxiang (Olibanum, 0.5 qian).
Usage: Grind into powder. Dip a paper wick in the powder and insert into the nose before sleep.
Treatment for Nasal Congestion, Blurred Vision, Pain, and Heavy Head [from *Shenghui Fang*]:
Usage: Crush bitter loquat seeds and soak them in half a sheng of strong wine. Soak for one day in summer or seven days in winter. Instill a few drops into the nose. Alternative method: Soak in urine of a young boy.
Oil Application Formula [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats nasal congestion, dryness, and pain.
Usage: Use one cup of raw oil. Frequently apply to the inside and outside of the nose using a chicken feather. Butter may also be used.
Treatment for Qi-related Nasal Issues [from *Haishang Mingfang*]:
Usage: Select Shitingzhi (Styrax), preferring purple color over red; do not use yellow. Grind extremely finely, add a few drops of water, and mix/grind for about half an hour.
Treatment for Sudden Entry of Food into the Brain via Nose, Causing Lingering Pain [from *Zhouhou Fang*]:
Usage: Insert a piece of beef tallow or mutton fat, size of a finger tip, into the nose. Inhale the fat. After a moment, when the fat melts, the foreign object will exit along with the fat. Fat from geese or ducks can also be used.
Baizhi San (Angelica Dahurica Powder) [from *Zhizhi Fang*]: Treats nasal pain.
Ingredients: Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, soaked in water, skin removed, dried), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 1 qian each), Quanxie (Scorpio, four pieces, roasted).
Usage: Grind into powder, mix with sesame oil, and apply topically.
Treatment for Nasal Pain [from *Shenghui Fang*]:
Usage: Take five liang of almonds, remove skins, press to extract oil, and apply. It will heal immediately.
Another Topical Application [from *Danliao Fang*]:
Usage: Grind high-quality sulfur into powder, mix with cold water to form a paste, and apply to the nose. Apply at night to avoid affecting appearance during the day.