《千金要方》云∶人腹中生虫，大率有九，皆能食人脏腑。一曰伏虫，长四分，群虫之
主也。二曰蛔虫，长一尺，生发多则贯心而杀人。三曰白虫，长一寸，子孙相生，其母转大
，长至四五丈，亦能杀人。四曰内虫，状如烂杏，令人烦满。五曰肺虫，状如蚕，令人咳嗽
。六曰胃虫，状如虾蟆，令人呕吐胃逆喜哕。七曰弱虫，又名膈虫，状如瓜瓣，令人多唾。
八曰赤虫，状如生肉，令人肠鸣。九曰蛲虫，致细微，形如菜虫，居广肠之间，多则为痔，
剧则为癞。因人疮痍，即生诸痈疽、癣 、 疥、龋虫，无所不为，其害匪细。凡此
诸虫，大则根据附脏腑之间，小则侵蚀肌肤之内。若元气尚实，未为大害，稍有虚损，遂肆其
毒，甚至如劳瘵杀人，及传尸疰怪，或应声溪鼠之类。而非理之可测者多矣。业医者，不可
不究其所致之本，及治之之法也。
仲景曰∶狐惑之为病，状如伤寒，默默欲眠，目不得闭，起卧不安，蚀于喉为惑，蚀于
阴为狐，不欲饮食，恶闻食臭，其面目乍赤、乍白、乍黑。蚀于上部则声哑，甘草泻心汤
主之。蚀于下部则咽干，苦参汤洗之。蚀于肛者，雄黄熏之。愚按∶此仲景云狐惑之为病，
状如伤寒，则可见本非伤寒也。而后世即以狐惑为伤寒者，岂非误乎！
《千金要方》曰∶凡得伤寒及天行热病，腹中有热。又食少，肠胃空虚，三虫行作求食
，蚀人五脏及下部。若齿龈无色，舌上尽白，甚者唇里有疮，四肢沉重，忽忽喜眠，当数看
其上唇内有疮唾血，唇内如粟疮者，心内懊 痛闷，此虫在上蚀其五脏；下唇内生疮者
，其人喜眠，此虫在下，蚀其下部。人不能知，可服此蚀虫药，不尔， 虫杀人。又曰
∶凡患湿 者，多是热病后，或久泻不止，或有客热结在腹中，或易水土，温凉气着，
多生此病。亦有干 ，不甚泻痢，而下部疮痒。不问干湿，久则杀人。凡湿得冷则苦痢
，单煮黄连及艾叶、苦参之属，皆可用之。若病患齿龈无色，舌上白者，或喜眠烦愦，不知
痛痒处，或下痢，急治下部。不晓此者，但攻其上，不以下部为意，下部生虫，虫蚀其肛，
肛烂见五脏便死，烧艾于竹筒熏之。
《千金要方》说：人体腹中产生的虫类，大致有九种，都能侵蚀人的脏腑。第一种叫伏虫，长度四分，是各种虫类的主宰。第二种叫蛔虫，长度一尺，如果数量多则会贯穿心脏导致死亡。第三种叫白虫，长度一寸，子孙相互滋生，母虫变得更大，长达四五丈，也能致人死亡。第四种叫内虫，形状像腐烂的杏子，使人感到烦闷胀满。第五种叫肺虫，形状像蚕，使人咳嗽。第六种叫胃虫，形状像蛤蟆，使人呕吐、胃气上逆、喜欢打嗝。第七种叫弱虫，又名膈虫，形状像瓜瓣，使人唾液增多。第八种叫赤虫，形状像生肉，使人肠鸣。第九种叫蛲虫，极其细微，形状像菜青虫，居住在广肠之间，多了会导致痔疮，严重了会导致癞病。因为人体的疮口溃烂，就会产生各种痈疽、癣疾、疥疮、龋齿虫等，无所不为，其危害不小。所有这些虫类，大的依附在脏腑之间，小的侵蚀肌肤内部。如果元气还充实，不算大害，稍有虚损，它们就肆意肆虐毒性，甚至像劳瘵（肺结核）杀人，以及传尸疰怪（具有传染性的慢性消耗性疾病），或者应声溪鼠（一种传说中的怪物）之类，其中不合常理无法推测的情况很多。从事医学的人，不可以不探究其产生的根本原因，以及治疗的方法。
张仲景说：狐惑病的症状，表现像伤寒，沉默想睡觉，眼睛却闭不上，坐卧不安，腐蚀咽喉称为惑，腐蚀阴部称为狐，不想吃东西，厌恶食物的气味，面部颜色忽红、忽白、忽黑。腐蚀在上部的声音嘶哑，用甘草泻心汤主治。腐蚀在下部的咽喉干燥，用苦参汤清洗。腐蚀在肛门部位的，用雄黄熏蒸治疗。我认为：这是张仲景说狐惑病的症状像伤寒，那么可以看出这本来就不是伤寒。而后世的人就把狐惑当作伤寒，难道不是错误吗！
《千金要方》说：凡是得了伤寒及流行性热病，腹中有热。加上吃得少，肠胃空虚，三虫活动寻找食物，侵蚀人的五脏及下部。如果牙龈没有血色，舌头上全部发白，严重的嘴唇里面有疮，四肢沉重，恍惚喜欢睡觉，应当多次查看其上唇内有疮和唾血，嘴唇内像粟米疮一样的，心里懊恼疼痛闷乱，这是虫在上部侵蚀五脏；下唇内生疮的，这个人喜欢睡觉，这是虫在下部，侵蚀下部。人如果不能知晓这些，可以服用这种杀虫药，否则，虫子会杀人。又说：凡是患有湿痹（或湿热引起的皮肤病/关节病）的人，多是热病之后，或者久泻不止，或者有客热结聚在腹中，或者水土不服，温凉之气侵袭，容易生此病。也有干湿痹，不太腹泻痢疾，但下部疮痒。不问干湿，时间久了都会致死。凡是湿气遇到寒冷就会引起痛苦的痢疾，单煮黄连以及艾叶、苦参之类的药物，都可以使用。如果病人牙龈无色，舌头发白，或者喜欢睡觉烦躁昏沉，不知道痛痒的地方，或者下痢，紧急治疗下部。不懂这个道理的人，只攻击上部，不把下部放在心上，下部生虫，虫子侵蚀肛门，肛门腐烂看到五脏就会死亡，烧艾草放在竹筒里熏蒸治疗。
The *Qianjin Yaofang* states: The parasites that arise in the human abdomen are generally of nine types, all capable of eroding the internal organs. The first is called *Fuchong* (Hidden Worm), measuring four fen in length, which serves as the master of all worms. The second is called *Hui Chong* (Roundworm), measuring one chi in length; if numerous, it may pierce the heart and cause death. The third is called *Bai Chong* (White Worm), measuring one cun in length; its offspring multiply continuously, with the mother growing larger, reaching lengths of four to five zhang, also capable of causing death. The fourth is called *Nei Chong* (Internal Worm), resembling rotten apricots, causing irritability and fullness. The fifth is called *Fei Chong* (Lung Worm), resembling silkworms, causing coughing. The sixth is called *Wei Chong* (Stomach Worm), resembling a toad, causing vomiting, rebellious stomach qi, and frequent belching. The seventh is called *Ruo Chong* (Weak Worm), also known as *Ge Chong* (Diaphragm Worm), resembling melon seeds, causing excessive salivation. The eighth is called *Chi Chong* (Red Worm), resembling raw meat, causing borborygmus (bowel sounds). The ninth is called *Tao Chong* (Pinworm), extremely minute, resembling vegetable larvae, residing between the broad intestines; when numerous, they cause hemorrhoids, and when severe, they cause leprosy-like conditions. Due to skin sores and ulcers, various abscesses, tinea, scabies, and dental caries worms arise, doing no evil they do not commit, their harm being significant. All these worms, whether large or small, either attach themselves between the internal organs or erode within the skin and muscles. If the primordial qi (*Yuan Qi*) remains substantial, they are not a major threat; however, with slight deficiency or damage, they unleash their toxicity, even killing like *Lao Zhai* (Consumption/Tuberculosis) or spreading through *Chuan Shi Zhu Guai* (Transmitted Corpse Parasitic Diseases), or involving phenomena like the "Echoing Stream Rat," many of which defy rational explanation. Practitioners of medicine must not fail to investigate the root causes of their emergence and the methods of treatment.
Zhang Zhongjing stated: In the disease of *Hu Huo* (Fox-Hu Syndrome), the presentation resembles *Shang Han* (Cold Damage); the patient is silent and desires sleep but cannot close their eyes, feeling restless sitting or lying down. Erosion of the throat is termed *Huo*, while erosion of the yin organs is termed *Hu*. There is a lack of appetite and aversion to food odors; the facial complexion alternates between red, white, and black. If erosion occurs in the upper part, hoarseness results, treated primarily with *Gancao Xiexin Tang* (Licorice Decoction for Draining the Epigastrium). If erosion occurs in the lower part, dryness of the throat results, washed with *Kushen Tang* (Sophora Root Decoction). If erosion occurs at the anus, fumigation with *Xionghuang* (Realgar) is used. I observe: Since Zhang Zhongjing stated that the symptoms of *Hu Huo* resemble *Shang Han*, it is evident that this condition is originally not *Shang Han*. Yet later generations equated *Hu Huo* with *Shang Han*; is this not an error?
The *Qianjin Yaofang* states: Whenever one contracts *Shang Han* or epidemic febrile diseases, heat accumulates in the abdomen. Coupled with poor intake and empty intestines and stomach, the three worms become active seeking food, eroding the five viscera and the lower body. If the gums appear colorless and the tongue is entirely white, or severely, sores appear inside the lips, accompanied by heavy limbs, mental confusion, and drowsiness, one should frequently inspect for sores and spitting of blood inside the upper lip, or millet-grain-like sores inside the lips; this indicates inner restlessness, pain, and oppression, signifying worms eroding the five viscera from above. If sores appear on the inside of the lower lip, the person tends toward sleep, indicating worms eroding the lower body from below. If people do not understand this, they may take vermifuge medicines; otherwise, the worms will kill. It further states: Those suffering from *Shi Bi* (Dampness Bi Syndrome) often do so after febrile diseases, or due to chronic diarrhea, or because pathogenic heat is knotted in the abdomen, or due to acclimatization issues where warm and cold qi invade. Dry *Bi* may not involve severe diarrhea but presents with itching sores in the lower parts. Whether wet or dry, prolonged duration leads to death. When dampness encounters cold, it causes painful dysentery; decocting alone *Huanglian* (Coptis Rhizome), *Ai Ye* (Mugwort Leaf), or *Kushen* (Sophora Root) is applicable. If the patient has colorless gums, a white tongue, or prefers sleep with irritability and confusion, losing sensation of pain and itch, or suffers dysentery, urgent treatment of the lower part is required. Those ignorant of this principle attack only the upper part, neglecting the lower part; consequently, worms arise in the lower part, eroding the anus until it rots exposing the viscera, leading to death. Moxa burned in a bamboo tube should be used for fumigation.