凡治饮食暂伤者，亦当辨虚实。若停滞中焦，或胀或痛者，此实证也，当先去其食，宜
大和中饮主之。然去食莫先于理气，又惟排气饮为佳。若所停犹在上焦，莫若用吐为捷法，
或用吐剂亦可。若食停下焦，痛极兼胀者，须下而去之，宜神佑丸，或备急丸，或赤金豆。
若偶伤生冷或油浊不堪等物，以致吐泻胀痛而邪气实者，宜抑扶煎，若无寒气者，以本方去
吴茱萸煎服，或用排气饮、和胃饮俱佳。若痛胀不解者，宜神香散兼用之。
一、饮食伤脾而吐泻已甚者，但察其无中满，无腹痛，而惟呕恶不能止，此其食物必已
尽去，而以中气受伤，大虚而然。或其人困倦不宁，少气多汗，六脉豁大无神者，宜理中汤
、五君子煎，或温胃饮之类主之。若吐甚极虚者，宜四味回阳饮；泻甚极虚者，宜胃关煎。
凡大吐大泻之后，多为腹胀，若但外胀而内不觉胀，或恶闻食气，不欲饮食者，皆脾气大虚
之候，速宜用前温补诸法调治之。
一、凡少年小儿辈，多有纵肆口腹，以致胃气不清，或时微胀，或时疼痛，或膨膨然不
思饮食，此皆伤脾而然。而实亦食滞使然也。滞多者，宜和胃饮；滞少者，宜枳术丸，或芍
药枳术丸，日渐服之，仍节饮食，自可全愈。
一、凡失饥伤饱，损及脾胃，多令人胸膈痞闷，不能消化，饮食少思，口中无味，或嗳
气吞酸，神体困倦，此皆脾气受伤，中虚而然，宜木香人参枳术丸，或大健脾丸去黄连主之
。其虚甚者，宜理中汤，或温胃饮。若虚在下焦，而阴中无阳，不能生土者，惟理阴煎加减
主之为善。
一、病后胃口不开，饮食不进者，有二证。盖一以浊气未净，或余火未清，但宜以小和
中饮加减主之。一以脾胃受伤，病邪虽去而中气未复，故或有数日不能食，或旬日不能开，
或胸喉中若有所哽如梅核气者，此中本无停积，但以阳气未舒，阴翳作滞，胃气太虚，不能
运化而然。轻则温胃饮，甚则必加人参、附子，但使阳气得行，则胃口自开也。
一、凡饮酒致伤者，多宜除湿利水，若或伤气，亦宜间用人参。然其证有三，不可不辨
。一以酒湿伤脾，致生痰逆呕吐，胸膈痞塞，饮食减少者，宜葛花解酲汤、胃苓汤、五苓散
之类主之。一以酒热伤阴，或致发热动血者，宜黄芩芍药汤、清化饮、徙薪饮之类主之。一
以酒质伤脏，致生泄泻不已，若气强力壮者，惟五苓散、胃苓汤之类，皆可除湿止泻。若因
湿生寒，以泻伤阴，致损命门阳气者，非胃关煎及五德丸、九气丹之类不可。
一、怒气伤肝，则肝木之气必侵脾土，而胃气受伤，致妨饮食。此虽以肝气之逆，然肝
气无不渐散，而脾气之伤，则受其困矣，此所以不必重肝，而重当在脾也。故凡遇此证，但
当察其逆滞之有无，如无胁痛胀满等证，则不必疏气，单宜以养脾益气为主，如五味异功散
、归脾汤之属是也。或于补养药中少加乌药、青皮、白豆蔻以佐之亦可。
一、凡时食时吐，或朝食暮吐等证，详载反胃门。
一、善食而瘦者，多因有火，然当察火之微甚。微火者，微清之，如生地、芍药、丹皮
、沙参、麦冬、石斛、竹叶、地骨皮、黄芩、知母、细甘草之属是也。若火甚者，或随食
随饥，随饮随渴，或肌肤燥热，二便涩结，则石膏、黄连、栀子、黄柏、龙胆草、苦参之属
所不可免。此当查其三焦五脏，随所在而治之。然阳盛者阴必虚，如一阴煎、二阴煎、四阴
煎之属，皆当择而用也。
一、不能食而瘦者，必其脾胃虚弱，不能健运而然，故或为嗳气、吞酸、痞满，不饥等
证，宜四君子汤、归脾汤。若兼寒者，宜五君子煎、养中煎、理中汤。其命门火衰者，宜右
归饮、右归丸、八味地黄丸之类主之。
一、凡喜茶叶，喜食生米者，多因胃有伏火，所以能消此物。余尝以清火滋阴之药愈此
者数人，盖察其脉证有火象，故随用随效也。又有喜食炭者，必其胃寒而湿，故喜此燥涩之
物，亦当详察脉证，宜以健脾温胃为主。
一、食饮所伤，治当从类，如麦芽、神曲能消米面之积；砂仁、浓朴、萝卜子、阿魏能
消肉食之积；山楂、枳实能消瓜果之积。凡因湿者，宜治以燥，如半夏、苍术、草果、泽泻
之属；因寒者，宜治以热，如姜、桂、吴茱萸、肉豆蔻之属；因热者，宜治以寒，如芩、连
、栀子、青皮之属；气滞者，当行其气，宜木香、乌药、香附、白芥子之属；血滞者，当行
其血，宜桃仁、红花、苏木、玄胡之属；食聚积坚，行散不易者，宜巴豆、大黄、三棱、蓬
术之属。凡治食积所停，古法不过如此。虽然，此不过言其大概耳，至若浅深虚实，贵酌权
宜。凡欲攻有形，须从乎味，欲散凝滞，须从乎气，未有气行而食不随者，则此中之气味通
变，又自有相济之妙，故不可以胶柱也。
一、食停小腹，治按详心腹痛门，当参阅之。
凡是治疗因饮食暂时损伤导致的病症，也应当辨别虚实。如果食物停滞在中焦（脾胃），出现腹胀或腹痛的症状，这是实证，应当先消除积食，适宜用大和中饮作为主方。然而，消导积食没有比调理气机更优先的，其中又以排气饮最为适宜。如果停积的食物还在上焦（胸膈以上），不如使用催吐法为快捷手段，或者使用催吐剂也可以。如果食物停积在下焦（腹部以下），疼痛剧烈且伴有胀满，必须通过泻下法来去除积滞，适宜用神佑丸，或者备急丸，或者赤金豆。如果是偶然吃生冷或油腻污浊等食物，导致呕吐、腹泻、腹胀和疼痛，且邪气实盛的，适宜用抑扶煎；如果没有寒气的，去掉原方中的吴茱萸后煎服，或者使用排气饮、和胃饮都非常好。如果疼痛和胀满不能缓解的，适宜配合使用神香散。
第一条：饮食损伤脾脏而导致呕吐腹泻严重的，只要观察患者没有中焦痞满堵塞感，没有腹痛，只是恶心呕吐不止，这说明食物必然已经排空，是因为中气受伤，极度虚弱所致。或者患者身体困倦不安，气短多汗，六脉（寸关尺三部九候）豁大而缺乏神气的，适宜用理中汤、五君子煎，或者温胃饮之类的方剂主治。如果呕吐极其严重导致极虚的，适宜用四味回阳饮；腹泻极其严重导致极虚的，适宜用胃关煎。凡是经历大吐大泻之后，大多会出现腹胀，如果只是外表看起来胀而内部并不觉得胀，或者厌恶食物的气味，不想吃东西的，都是脾气极度虚弱的征象，应当迅速使用前文提到的温补各种方法调治。
第二条：凡是少年儿童，大多有放纵口腹之欲的情况，导致胃气不清爽，有时轻微腹胀，有时疼痛，或者腹部膨隆不思饮食，这都是伤及脾脏所致。实际上也是食滞造成的。食滞多的，适宜用和胃饮；食滞少的，适宜用枳术丸，或者芍药枳术丸，每天慢慢服用，同时节制饮食，自然可以痊愈。
第三条：凡是饥饿时过度进食或饱食后受寒损伤了脾胃，多让人胸膈部痞闷不舒，不能消化，食欲减退，口中无味，或者打嗝吞酸，精神身体困倦，这都是脾气受伤，中气虚弱所致，适宜用木香人参枳术丸，或者大健脾丸去掉黄连后主治。其中虚损严重的，适宜用理中汤，或者温胃饮。如果虚损在下焦，且阴中无阳，不能生养脾土（火不生土）的，只有对理阴煎进行加减主治才是好的。
第四条：病后胃口不开，饮食不进的情况，有两种证型。一种是因为浊气未净，或者余热未清，只适宜用小和中饮加减主治。另一种是因为脾胃受伤，病邪虽然去除但中气尚未恢复，所以有的几天不能吃，或者十天还不能开胃，或者感觉胸喉中有异物梗塞像梅核气一样的，这中间本来没有停积之物，只是因为阳气未舒展，阴翳造成阻滞，胃气太虚，不能运化所致。轻症用温胃饮，重症必须加入人参、附子，只要使阳气得以运行，胃口自然就会打开。
第五条：凡是饮酒导致的损伤，大多适宜用除湿利水的方法，如果伤及气分，也适宜间或使用人参。然而其证候有三种，不可不辨别。一种是因为酒湿损伤脾脏，导致生痰、气逆呕吐，胸膈痞塞，饮食减少的，适宜用葛花解酲汤、胃苓汤、五苓散之类的方剂主治。一种是因为酒热损伤阴液，或者导致发热、动血（出血倾向）的，适宜用黄芩芍药汤、清化饮、徙薪饮之类的方剂主治。一种是因为酒质损伤脏腑，导致泄泻不止，如果患者气强力壮的，只有五苓散、胃苓汤之类的，都可以用来除湿止泻。如果因为湿产生寒，以腹泻损伤阴液，导致损害命门阳气的，非用胃关煎以及五德丸、九气丹之类的不可。
第六条：怒气损伤肝脏，则肝木之气必定侵犯脾土，从而胃气受伤，妨碍饮食。这虽然是由于肝气逆乱，但肝气无不逐渐消散，而脾气的损伤，则会受到困扰，这就是为什么不必着重治肝，而应当着重治脾的原因。所以凡是遇到这种情况，只要观察是否有气机逆乱阻滞的表现，如果没有胁痛胀满等症状，就不必疏理气机，单宜以养脾益气为主，如五味异功散、归脾汤这类方剂就是。或者在补养药中少量加入乌药、青皮、白豆蔻来辅助也可以。
第七条：凡是时而进食时而呕吐，或者早晨吃晚上吐等证候，详细记载在反胃门中。
第八条：善于进食却消瘦的人，多因为有火，但应当察辨火的轻重。微火者，轻微清热，如生地、芍药、丹皮、沙参、麦冬、石斛、竹叶、地骨皮、黄芩、知母、细甘草这类药物就是。如果火很盛的，或者随吃随饿，随喝随渴，或者肌肤燥热，大小便涩结不通，那么石膏、黄连、栀子、黄柏、龙胆草、苦参这类药物就不可避免。这应当查辨其三焦五脏，根据病变所在部位进行治疗。然而阳盛者阴必虚，如一阴煎、二阴煎、四阴煎这类方剂，都应当选择使用。
第九条：不能进食却消瘦的人，一定是脾胃虚弱，不能健运所致，所以或有打嗝、吞酸、痞满、不饥等症状，适宜用四君子汤、归脾汤。如果兼有寒症的，适宜用五君子煎、养中煎、理中汤。如果是命门火衰的，适宜用右归饮、右归丸、八味地黄丸之类的方剂主治。
第十条：凡是喜欢喝茶，喜欢吃生米的人，多因为胃中有伏火，所以能消化这些物品。我曾经用清火滋阴的药物治愈过几个人，大概是观察到他们的脉证有火象，所以随用随有效。又有喜欢吃炭的人，一定是胃寒而湿，所以喜欢这种干燥涩口的东西，也应当详细察辨脉证，适宜以健脾温胃为主。
第十一条：饮食所伤，治疗应当分类对待，如麦芽、神曲能消除米面类的积滞；砂仁、浓朴、萝卜子、阿魏能消除肉食类的积滞；山楂、枳实能消除瓜果类的积滞。凡是因湿邪引起的，适宜用燥湿法治疗，如半夏、苍术、草果、泽泻这类药物；因寒邪引起的，适宜用温热法治疗，如姜、桂、吴茱萸、肉豆蔻这类药物；因热邪引起的，适宜用寒凉法治疗，如芩、连、栀子、青皮这类药物；气滞者，应当行气，适宜用木香、乌药、香附、白芥子这类药物；血滞者，应当活血，适宜用桃仁、红花、苏木、玄胡这类药物；食物积聚坚硬，行散不易的，适宜用巴豆、大黄、三棱、蓬术这类药物。凡是治疗食积停聚，古法不过如此。虽然如此，这不过是说个大概罢了，至于病情的浅深虚实，贵在斟酌权变。凡是想要攻逐有形之邪，须从“味”入手；想要消散凝滞，须从“气”入手，没有气机运行而食积不随之消散的，所以其中的气味通变，自有相互济助的妙处，因此不可以拘泥固执。
第十二条：食物停积在小腹，治疗方法详见心腹痛门，应当参阅。
In treating conditions caused by temporary dietary injury, one must also differentiate between deficiency and excess. If food stagnates in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner: Spleen and Stomach), causing distension or pain, this is an Excess syndrome; one should first eliminate the food accumulation, preferably using Da He Zhong Yin (Greatly Harmonize the Middle Decoction). However, no method of eliminating food is superior to regulating Qi, among which Pai Qi Yin (Dispel Qi Decoction) is the best choice. If the retained food remains in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner: Chest and Diaphragm), inducing vomiting is the most expedient method, or using emetic agents is also acceptable. If food stagnates in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner: Abdomen below the umbilicus), accompanied by severe pain and distension, purgation is required to remove it; Shen You Wan (Divine Protection Pill), Bei Ji Wan (Emergency Aid Pill), or Chi Jin Dou (Red Gold Bean) are suitable. If accidental consumption of cold/raw or greasy/unclean foods leads to vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension, and pain with Excess pathogenic factors, Yi Fu Jian (Suppress and Support Decoction) is indicated; if there is no Cold, Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) should be omitted from the formula before decocting, or Pai Qi Yin (Dispel Qi Decoction) and He Wei Yin (Harmonize Stomach Decoction) are both excellent choices. If pain and distension persist, Shen Xiang San (Aromatic Powder) should be used concurrently.
Item 1: When dietary injury to the Spleen causes severe vomiting and diarrhea, if one observes no fullness in the center (epigastrium), no abdominal pain, but only incessant nausea and vomiting, this indicates that the food has likely already been expelled, and the condition arises from severe deficiency due to injury to the Central Qi. Alternatively, if the patient appears fatigued and restless, suffers from shortness of breath and profuse sweating, and presents with six pulses (Radial artery pulses at Cun, Guan, and Chi positions on both wrists) that are hollow, large, and lacking spirit, Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Center Decoction), Wu Jun Zi Jian (Five Gentlemen Decoction), or Wen Wei Yin (Warm the Stomach Decoction) are appropriate. In cases of extreme vomiting leading to profound deficiency, Si Wei Hui Yang Yin (Four-Ingredient Return to Yang Decoction) is indicated; in cases of extreme diarrhea leading to profound deficiency, Wei Guan Jian (Stomach Gate Decoction) is indicated. Following severe vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal distension often occurs. If the distension is apparent externally but not felt internally, or if the patient dislikes the smell of food and lacks appetite, these are signs of severe Spleen Qi deficiency; prompt treatment with the aforementioned warming and tonifying methods is necessary.
Item 2: Young people and children often indulge their appetites, leading to unclear Stomach Qi, occasional mild distension, occasional pain, or a bloated abdomen with loss of appetite. These conditions result from Spleen injury, specifically caused by food stagnation. For significant stagnation, He Wei Yin (Harmonize Stomach Decoction) is suitable; for minor stagnation, Zhi Zhu Wan (Immature Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Macrocephala Pill) or Shao Yao Zhi Zhu Wan (Peony, Immature Bitter Orange, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Pill) taken gradually over days, combined with dietary restraint, will lead to complete recovery.
Item 3: Irregular eating habits or damage to the Spleen and Stomach often cause chest and diaphragm stuffiness, indigestion, reduced appetite, tastelessness in the mouth, belching with acid regurgitation, and mental and physical fatigue. These arise from Spleen Qi injury and Central Deficiency. Mu Xiang Ren Shen Zhi Zhu Wan (Aucklandia, Ginseng, Immature Bitter Orange, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Pill) or Da Jian Pi Wan (Greatly Strengthen the Spleen Pill) with Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) removed are indicated. For severe deficiency, Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Center Decoction) or Wen Wei Yin (Warm the Stomach Decoction) are suitable. If the deficiency lies in the Lower Jiao, characterized by Yin without Yang (failure of Fire to generate Earth), modifying Li Yin Jian (Nourish Yin Decoction) is the best approach.
Item 4: Loss of appetite and inability to eat after illness present two syndromes. One type is due to residual turbid Qi or lingering heat, treated with modified Xiao He Zhong Yin (Slightly Harmonize the Middle Decoction). The other type results from Spleen and Stomach injury where, although the pathogen has cleared, the Central Qi has not recovered; thus, the patient may be unable to eat for several days or even ten days, or feel a sensation of obstruction in the chest and throat similar to Plum-Pit Qi (Globus Hystericus). This is not due to actual accumulation but because Yang Qi has not dispersed, Yin turbidity causes stagnation, and the Stomach Qi is too deficient to transform and transport. Mild cases use Wen Wei Yin (Warm the Stomach Decoction); severe cases require adding Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) and Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata). Once Yang Qi moves, the appetite will naturally open.
Item 5: Alcohol-induced injuries generally require damp-draining and water-promoting methods; if Qi is injured, Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) may be used intermittently. There are three specific patterns to distinguish. First, alcohol-damp injures the Spleen, generating phlegm, rebellious Qi, vomiting, chest stuffiness, and reduced intake; Ge Hua Jie Cheng Tang (Kudume Flower Relieve Intoxication Decoction), Wei Ling Tang (Stomach and Five-Liquids Decoction), or Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) are indicated. Second, alcohol-heat injures Yin, causing fever or bleeding tendencies; Huang Qin Shao Yao Tang (Scutellaria and Peony Decoction), Qing Hua Yin (Clear Transformation Decoction), or Xi Xin Yin (Remove Tinder Decoction) are indicated. Third, alcohol quality injures the Zang organs, causing persistent diarrhea. If the patient has strong Qi and robust constitution, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) or Wei Ling Tang (Stomach and Five-Liquids Decoction) can drain dampness and stop diarrhea. If dampness generates Cold, and diarrhea injures Yin, damaging Ming Men (Gate of Life) Yang, Wei Guan Jian (Stomach Gate Decoction), Wu De Wan (Five Virtues Pill), or Jiu Qi Dan (Nine-Qi Elixir) are indispensable.
Item 6: Anger injuring the Liver causes Liver Wood Qi to invade Spleen Earth, damaging Stomach Qi and hindering digestion. Although this stems from rebellious Liver Qi, Liver Qi eventually dissipates, whereas Spleen Qi injury persists and causes distress. Therefore, treatment should focus on the Spleen rather than the Liver. In such cases, observe whether there is Qi rebellion or stagnation. If symptoms like hypochondriac pain and distension are absent, Qi-regulating herbs are unnecessary; instead, nourish the Spleen and boost Qi primarily, using formulas like Wu Wei Yi Gong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Power Powder) or Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction). Adding small amounts of Wu Yao (Linderae Radix), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), or Bai Dou Kou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) to tonifying formulas is also acceptable.
Item 7: Conditions such as intermittent vomiting after eating or morning-eating-evening-vomiting are detailed under the chapter on Fan Wei (Reverse Regurgitation).
Item 8: Individuals who eat well but remain thin often have Fire, but the severity must be assessed. For mild Fire, mild clearing is used, such as Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix), Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Shi Hu (Dendrobii Caulis), Zhu Ye (Bambusae Folium), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). For severe Fire, characterized by immediate hunger after eating, immediate thirst after drinking, dry hot skin, and constipation/dysuria, Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex), Long Dan Cao (Gentianae Radix), and Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) are unavoidable. Treatment should target the Three Jiao and Five Zang according to the location. Since Yang Excess implies Yin Deficiency, formulas like Yi Yin Jian (One-Yin Decoction), Er Yin Jian (Two-Yin Decoction), and Si Yin Jian (Four-Yin Decoction) should be selected appropriately.
Item 9: Individuals who cannot eat but remain thin suffer from Spleen and Stomach weakness failing to transform and transport, presenting with belching, acid regurgitation, stuffiness, and lack of hunger. Si Jun Zi Tang (Four-Gentlemen Decoction) or Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) are indicated. If Cold is concurrent, Wu Jun Zi Jian (Five Gentlemen Decoction), Yang Zhong Jian (Nourish the Center Decoction), or Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Center Decoction) are suitable. For Ming Men (Gate of Life) Fire Decline, You Gui Yin (Right-Restore Decoction), You Gui Wan (Right-Restore Pill), or Ba Wei Di Huang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) are indicated.
Item 10: Craving tea or raw rice is often due to latent Fire in the Stomach, which digests these items. I have cured several patients using fire-clearing and Yin-nourishing herbs, observing pulse and symptom signs of Fire. Those craving charcoal likely have Cold and Damp in the Stomach, preferring dry/astringent substances; treatment should focus on strengthening the Spleen and warming the Stomach based on pulse and symptom differentiation.
Item 11: Treatment for dietary injury should be categorized: Mai Ya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) and Shen Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) digest grain/starch accumulations; Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Luo Bo Zi (Raphani Semen), and A Wei (Asini Corii Colla) digest meat accumulations; Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus) and Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) digest fruit/vegetable accumulations. For Dampness, use drying herbs like Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Cao Guo (Tsaoko Fructus), and Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma). For Cold, use warm/hot herbs like Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus), and Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen). For Heat, use cold herbs like Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus), and Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride). For Qi Stagnation, move Qi with Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Wu Yao (Linderae Radix), Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma), and Bai Jie Zi (Sinapis Semen). For Blood Stasis, move Blood with Tao Ren (Persicae Semen), Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), Su Mu (Sappan Lignum), and Yan Hu Suo (Corydalis Rhizoma). For hard, stubborn food masses, use Ba Dou (Crotonis Fructus), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), San Leng (Sparganii Rhizoma), and Peng Ze (Curcumae Rhizoma). Ancient methods for food stagnation follow these principles. However, this is a general overview; one must weigh depth and deficiency/excess. To attack有形 (tangible pathogens), act through Flavor; to disperse stagnation, act through Qi. Where Qi moves, food follows. The interaction of Qi and Flavor offers subtle synergies, so rigid adherence is discouraged.
Item 12: Food stagnation in the lower abdomen is treated as described in the Heart and Abdominal Pain chapter; refer to that section.