生辛涩，熟甘温，无毒。叶细根紫者良。韭子入药，蒸熟曝干，簸去黑炒黄研用。
韭初生芽，食之伤人心气。
发明 韭入足厥阴经，下散血积。生用治死血留于胃口作痛，及妇人经脉逆行，打扑损
伤，捣汁和童便饮。然须善食，便实者宜之。有肾气上攻心痛者，宜用韭汁和五苓散为丸，
空心茴香汤下。昔人言治噎膈，惟死血在胃者宜之。若胃虚而噎勿用，恐致呕吐也。其心腹
有痼冷者勿食，食之必加剧，《黄帝》云，冻韭不可生食，动宿饮，饮盛必吐水。韭花食之
动风，风气人勿食。韭子辛温壮火，治梦泄尿血，白带白淫，男子随溲而下，女子绵绵而下
。惟肾气过劳不能收摄者为宜。若阴虚火旺，及亢阳不交，独阴失合，误用是抱薪救焚矣。
大抵韭之功用，全在辛温散结。子则包含少火未散，故能涩精；而壮火炽盛，则为戈戟。今
人以韭子薰龋齿出虫，然能伤骨坏齿，不可不知。
辛苦温，无毒。似韭而叶阔者是。《黄帝》云薤不可共牛肉作羹，食之成瘕，韭之
气味相类，功用亦相类，如无薤处，以韭代之。
《本经》治金疮疮败，轻身不饥，耐老。
发明 薤白味辛气温，入手阳明。除寒热，温中去水，专泄气滞。故四逆散加此，治泄
利下重胸痹。薤白白酒汤专用以泄胸中痹气也。《本经》治金疮疮败，取辛以泄气、温以长
肉也。弘景云，仙方及服食家皆须之。即《本经》轻身不饥耐老之谓。诸疮中，风寒水肿
，生捣敷之。捣汁生饮，能吐胃中痰食虫积屡验。《金匮》救卒死，捣汁灌鼻中效。薤叶治
肺气喘急，《千金方》用之，以薤善散结，蒜能消症，各适其用也。
【背景信息】
书名：本经逢原 作者：张璐 朝代：清 章节：韭 / 薤 类别：综合
生食味辛涩，熟食味甘温，无毒。叶片细小、根部紫色的品质较好。韭菜子入药时，需蒸熟后晒干，簸去黑色杂质，炒至黄色后研碎使用。
韭菜刚长出的嫩芽，食用后会损伤人心气。
发明（对药物功效的深入阐释）：韭菜归足厥阴肝经，能向下消散血瘀积滞。生用可治疗死血停滞在胃脘部引起的疼痛，以及妇女月经逆行，还有跌打损伤，将其捣烂取汁，配合童子尿饮用。但必须患者食欲旺盛、大便坚实者才适宜服用。若有肾气上冲导致心痛的情况，适宜用韭菜汁配合五苓散制成丸剂，空腹时用茴香汤送服。古人说治疗噎膈（吞咽困难），只有因死血在胃部引起的才适宜使用。如果胃虚导致的噎膈则不可用，恐怕会导致呕吐。心腹有陈旧性寒冷病症的人不要食用，吃了必然加重病情，《黄帝内经》说，受冻的韭菜不可生吃，会引发体内停饮，停饮盛极必会吐水。韭花食用后会引动风邪，患有风病的人不宜食用。韭菜子辛温，能壮火，治疗梦遗滑精、尿血、白带过多及白淫（女子阴道流出白色浊液），男子随小便排出精微物质，女子淋漓不断。只有因肾气过劳不能固摄的情况才适宜。如果是阴虚火旺，以及阳气亢盛不能与阴相交，独阴失合的情况，误用韭菜子就是抱薪救焚了。大抵韭菜的功效，全在于辛温散结。韭菜子则包含少火未散，所以能涩精；但如果壮火炽盛，它反而会成为伤害身体的戈戟。现在人用韭菜子熏治龋齿以驱虫，但这会伤骨坏齿，不可不知道。
味辛苦温，无毒。形状像韭菜但叶子宽阔的是薤（xiè）。《黄帝内经》说薤不可与牛肉一起煮羹，否则食用后会形成瘕（jiǎ，腹中结块），韭菜的气味与薤相似，功效也相近，如果没有薤的地方，可以用韭菜代替。
《神农本草经》记载其治疗金疮（金属利器造成的创伤）疮口溃败，能轻身、不饥、耐老。
发明：薤白味辛气温，归手阳明大肠经。能除寒热，温中祛水湿，专门疏通气机阻滞。所以在四逆散中加入此药，治疗泄利下重（腹泻伴有肛门坠胀感）和胸痹（胸部闷痛）。薤白白酒汤专门用于宣泄胸中的痹阻之气。《神农本草经》记载治疗金疮疮口溃败，是取其辛味以泄气、温味以促进肌肉生长的作用。陶弘景说，仙方及服食养生家都需要它。这就是《神农本草经》所说的轻身、不饥、耐老的含义。在各种疮疡中，风寒水肿，生捣敷贴有效。捣汁生饮，能吐出胃中的痰食虫积，屡试屡验。《金匮要略》记载救治猝死，将薤捣汁灌入鼻中有效。薤叶治疗肺气喘急，《千金方》中使用它，因为薤善于散结，大蒜能消症，各有所长。
Background Information:
Book: Benjing Fengyuan (Supplement to the Divine Farmer's Materia Medica)
Author: Zhang Lu
Dynasty: Qing Dynasty
Chapter: Leek / Chinese Scallion (Xie)
Category: Comprehensive
Raw leeks are pungent and astringent; cooked ones are sweet and warm, non-toxic. Those with fine leaves and purple roots are of superior quality. For medicinal use, leek seeds are steamed, sun-dried, winnowed to remove black impurities, stir-fried until yellow, and then ground for use.
Consuming young leek shoots damages Heart Qi (vital energy of the Heart).
Invention (Elaboration on efficacy): Leeks enter the Foot Jueyin Liver Channel (Liver Meridian of Foot-Jueyin), dispersing blood stasis downward. When used raw, they treat pain caused by fixed blood stagnation in the stomach region, retrograde menstruation in women, and traumatic injuries; crush them to extract juice and drink it mixed with urine from a healthy boy. However, this is suitable only for those with good appetite and firm stools. For heart pain caused by Kidney Qi attacking upward, it is appropriate to mix leek juice with Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) to make pills, taken on an empty stomach with Fennel Decoction. Ancients stated that for treating Yige (dysphagia/obstruction in the throat and esophagus), it is suitable only when caused by fixed blood in the stomach. If dysphagia is due to Stomach deficiency, it should not be used, as it may induce vomiting. Those with chronic cold in the heart and abdomen should not eat it, as consumption will exacerbate the condition. The Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states that frozen leeks should not be eaten raw, as they trigger retained fluid retention; excessive retained fluids must lead to vomiting of water. Eating leek flowers triggers wind pathogenic factors; those suffering from wind diseases should avoid eating them. Leek seeds are pungent and warm, strengthening Fire (metabolic heat/energy), treating nocturnal emissions, hematuria, leukorrhea, and Baiyin (white vaginal discharge); men may experience essence loss during urination, while women suffer from continuous dripping. This is suitable only for cases where Kidney Qi is overworked and unable to secure and hold. If there is Yin deficiency with hyperactive Fire, or hyperactive Yang failing to interact with Yin, resulting in isolated Yin losing harmony, misusing leek seeds would be like adding firewood to a burning house (exacerbating the problem). Generally, the function of leeks lies entirely in their pungent-warm property to dissipate nodules. Leek seeds contain un-dispersed "Lesser Fire" (Shao Huo), thus they can astringe essence; but if "Greater Fire" (Zhuang Huo) is blazing, they become harmful weapons. Nowadays, people use leek seeds to fumigate carious teeth to expel worms, but this damages bones and teeth, which one must know.
Taste: Pungent, bitter, warm; non-toxic. It resembles leeks but has broader leaves. The Huangdi Neijing states that Xie (Chinese Scallion/Broad-leaved Allium) should not be made into soup with beef, as eating it causes Jia (abdominal masses). The flavor and aroma of Jiuleek are similar, and their functions are also similar; if Xie is unavailable, leeks can be used as a substitute.
The Shennong Benjing (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) records its treatment of Jinchuang (metal weapon wounds) and ulcerated sores, promoting lightness of body, satiety without food, and longevity.
Invention: Xiebai (the white bulb of the Chinese scallion) is pungent and warm in nature, entering the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Channel. It dispels cold and heat, warms the middle jiao to drain damp-fluids, and specifically resolves Qi stagnation. Therefore, when added to Sini San (Frigid Extremities Powder), it treats diarrhea with tenesmus (feeling of incomplete evacuation) and Xiongbi (chest bi-syndrome/oppression). Xiebai Baijiu Tang (Chinese Scallion and White Wine Decoction) is specifically used to vent Bi-Qi (obstructive Qi) in the chest. The Shennong Benjing records its use for metal wounds and ulcerated sores, utilizing its pungency to vent Qi and warmth to promote flesh regeneration. Tao Hongjing stated that immortal formulas and dietary regimens all require it. This refers to the Shennong Benjing's description of promoting lightness, satiety, and longevity. Among various sores, for wind-cold edema, applying freshly crushed paste externally is effective. Drinking fresh juice can induce vomiting of phlegm, food, and parasites in the stomach, with repeated verified efficacy. The Jingui Yaolue (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet) records using it to save sudden death by instilling juice into the nose, which is effective. Xieye (leaves of the Chinese scallion) treats pulmonary asthma and急促 breathing; Qianjin Fang (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) uses it, because Xie excels at dissipating nodules, while Garlic excels at resolving masses, each serving its specific purpose.