甘平无毒。
发明 鼋甲炙，黄酒浸，治瘰 ，杀虫，逐风，恶疮痔 ，风顽疥疮，功同鳖甲。但
鳖走肝，而鼋走脾，故其主治稍有不同。
咸寒小毒。未被霜者有毒。多食腹痛泄泻，生姜、紫苏、豉汁、芦根汁并可解之。
其性喜入蛇穴，得其毒则骤长，故重一斤以上者误食杀人。又两目相向、足斑目赤者大
毒，
不可食。
《本经》主胸中邪气热结痛， 僻面肿，能败漆，烧之致鼠。
发明 蟹之外骨内肉，生青熟赤，阴包阳象无疑。性专破血，故能续断绝筋骨。《本经
》主胸中邪气热结痛， 僻面肿，皆是瘀血为患。性能败漆，今人生捣治漆疮，涂火烫，皆
取散血之意。《日华》治筋骨折伤，生捣罨之。藏器云，能续断筋，去壳用黄，捣烂微炒纳
入疮中，筋即连也，可知其功不独散而能和血矣。凡物之赤者皆热，惟蟹与柿性寒，所以二
物不宜同食，令人泄泻发症瘕。妊娠忌食，以其性专逆水横行也。其爪为催生下死胎胞衣专
药。《千金》神造汤，治子死腹中并双胎一死一生，服之令死者出，生者安，神验方也。但
以一边运动一边沉着者即是无疑，方用蟹爪一升，甘草一尺，东流水一斗，以苇薪煮至二升
，去滓，入真阿胶二两，令烊，顿服或分二服。若人困不能服，灌入即活。取蟹之散血，而
爪触之即脱也，然必生脱者连足用之。《丹方》治蓄血发黄胸胁结痛而不浮肿者，蟹壳 存
性黑糖调，无灰酒下三钱，不过数服效。若浮肿者为气病，无藉于蟹之散血也。妇人乳痈硬
肿，蟹壳灰一服即散。又以涂朱烧烟辟臭虫，熏之即毙，则杀虫之功从可知矣。蟹之相类多
种，如蝤蛑拥剑不常见外，其蟛蜞、蟛 春时甚多。蟛蜞螯光无毒可醯而食。蟛 螯毛有毒
，误食令人吐下。又有一种生沙穴中，见人则避者，沙狗也。时珍虽言不可食，今海错中用
之，非蟛蜞之可比也。
甘平无毒。
【发明】鼋甲经炙烤后，用黄酒浸泡，可治疗瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核），杀虫，祛风，治疗恶疮、痔疮及顽固性疥疮，功效与鳖甲相同。但鳖甲入肝经，而鼋甲入脾经，因此两者的主治功能略有不同。
咸寒，有小毒。未经历霜冻的蟹有毒。多吃会导致腹痛腹泻，生姜、紫苏、豆豉汁、芦根汁均可解其毒。
蟹性喜进入蛇穴，若沾染蛇毒则生长迅速，因此重量超过一斤的蟹误食会致人死亡。又有双眼相对、足部有斑纹且眼睛发红的蟹毒性极大，不可食用。
《神农本草经》记载其主治胸中邪气、热结疼痛，口眼歪斜及面部肿胀，能腐蚀生漆，烧之能招引老鼠。
【发明】蟹的外壳坚硬内部肉质柔软，生时青色熟时红色，符合阴包阳的象数原理。其药性专于破血，故能接续断裂的筋骨。《神农本草经》记载其主治胸中邪气热结痛、口眼歪斜面肿，这些都是瘀血为患所致。其性能败漆，如今人们将其生捣后治疗漆疮，涂抹于火烫伤处，都是取其散血之意。《日华子本草》记载其治疗筋骨折伤，生捣敷贴患处。陈藏器说，它能接续断筋，去壳取黄，捣烂微炒后纳入疮口中，筋即可连接，可知其功效不仅在于散血，还能和血。凡颜色赤红的物类大多性热，唯独蟹与柿子性寒，所以这两种食物不宜同食，否则令人腹泻并引发症瘕（腹内结块）。孕妇忌食，因为其性专主逆水横行。蟹爪是催产下死胎及胞衣的专用药物。《千金方》中的神造汤，治疗胎儿死于腹中以及双胎中一死一生的情况，服用此药令死者排出，生者平安，是极为灵验的方剂。但必须是向一边运动而另一边沉着的蟹才确凿无疑，方药用蟹爪一升，甘草一尺，东流水一斗，用芦苇柴火煮至二升，去渣，加入真阿胶二两，使其溶化，一次顿服或分两次服用。若病人虚弱不能服药，灌入即可苏醒。取蟹散血之功，而蟹爪触碰即脱落之特性，但必须使用自然脱落的蟹爪并连同足部一起使用。《丹方》治疗蓄血发黄、胸胁结痛但不浮肿者，用蟹壳煅存性，黑糖调服，无灰酒送下三钱，不过几服即见效。若出现浮肿则为气病，无需借助蟹的散血功效。妇人乳痈（急性乳腺炎）硬肿，服用蟹壳灰一剂即可消散。又可用涂朱砂烧烟驱避臭虫，熏之即死，则其杀虫的功效也就可想而知了。蟹的相似种类很多，如蝤蛑、拥剑等不常见之外，蟛蜞、蟛 在春季非常多。蟛蜞螯光润无毒，可以醋腌食用。蟛 螯毛有毒，误食令人呕吐腹泻。又有一种生活在沙穴中，见人便躲避的，叫沙狗。李时珍虽说不宜食用，但现在海鲜中也有使用它的，这不可与蟛蜞相提并论。
Sweet and neutral, non-toxic.
[Invention] Yuanjia (Trionyx sinensis Shell), after being roasted and soaked in yellow wine, treats scrofula (tuberculous lymphadenitis of the neck), kills parasites, expels wind, and treats malignant sores, hemorrhoids, and stubborn scabies. Its efficacy is similar to that of Biejia (Turtle Shell). However, Biejia enters the Liver meridian, whereas Yuanjia enters the Spleen meridian; therefore, their primary indications differ slightly.
Salty and cold, with slight toxicity. Crabs not exposed to frost are toxic. Excessive consumption causes abdominal pain and diarrhea; fresh ginger, Perilla leaves, fermented soybean juice, and reed rhizome juice can all detoxify it.
Crabs have a propensity to enter snake holes; if they absorb snake venom, they grow rapidly. Thus, crabs weighing over one *jin* (approx. 500g) can be fatal if ingested by mistake. Furthermore, crabs with eyes facing each other, spotted legs, and red eyes possess high toxicity and must not be eaten.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states that it treats evil qi and heat-induced knotting pain in the chest, facial swelling, and deviation of the mouth and eye. It can degrade lacquer, and burning it attracts mice.
[Invention] The crab has a hard outer shell and soft inner meat; its raw state is green and cooked state is red, clearly embodying the image of Yin enveloping Yang. Its nature is specifically dedicated to breaking blood stasis, thus it can reconnect severed tendons and bones. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* records its treatment of chest evil qi, heat-knotting pain, facial deviation, and swelling, all of which are caused by blood stasis. Its ability to degrade lacquer implies that modern use of raw crushed crab for treating lacquer dermatitis or applying it to burns aims at dispersing blood stasis. The *Ri Hua Zhencao* records its use for tendon and bone fractures, applied raw as a poultice. Chen Cangqi stated that it can reconnect severed tendons; removing the shell, taking the yellow part, crushing it, lightly stir-frying it, and inserting it into the wound allows the tendon to knit together. This shows its function is not only to disperse but also to harmonize blood. Generally, red-colored substances are hot in nature, except for crabs and persimmons, which are cold. Therefore, these two should not be consumed together, as this causes diarrhea and induces *zheng jia* (abdominal masses). Pregnant women should avoid eating it because its nature is to move against the current and sideways. Crab claws are specific medicines for inducing labor to expel a dead fetus and placenta. The *Shenzao Decoction* from the *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) treats intrauterine fetal death and twin pregnancies where one dies and the other lives. Administration of this formula expels the deceased fetus while keeping the living one safe; it is a miraculous prescription. However, the crab used must be one that moves vigorously on one side while remaining still on the other. The prescription uses one *sheng* of crab claws, one *chi* of Licorice Root (*Gancao*), and ten *dou* of flowing water from the east. Boil using reed fire until reduced to two *sheng*, strain, add two *liang* of genuine Donkey-hide Gelatin (*Ejiao*), melt it, and take in one dose or divided into two doses. If the patient is too weak to swallow, instilling it orally will revive them. This utilizes the crab's blood-dispersing property and the characteristic that crab claws detach upon touch. However, naturally detached claws with feet attached must be used. The *Danfang* (Prescription Manual) treats jaundice due to blood accumulation, chest and hypochondriac knotted pain without edema: calcined crab shell powder mixed with brown sugar, taken with unadulterated rice wine (three *qian*). Effect is seen within a few doses. If edema is present, it is a Qi disorder, and the blood-dispersing action of crab is unnecessary. For women with mastitis presenting as hard swelling, one dose of crab shell ash can dissipate the swelling. Additionally, burning crab mixed with cinnabar produces smoke that repels bedbugs, killing them upon exposure, demonstrating its insecticidal power. There are many similar species of crab. Aside from less common ones like *Qiumu* (Mud Crab) and *Yongjian* (Swimming Crab), *Pengqi* (Small Mud Crab) and *Peng* are abundant in spring. *Pengqi* claws are smooth, non-toxic, and can be pickled in vinegar for consumption. *Peng* claws have toxic hairs; accidental ingestion causes vomiting and diarrhea. Another type lives in sand holes and hides when people approach; this is called *Shagou* (Sand Dog). Although Li Shizhen stated it should not be eaten, it is now used in seafood delicacies, which cannot be compared to *Pengqi*.