（本经中品）
【气味】甘平，无毒。
【主治】主湿痹筋挛，膝痛不可屈伸。
【核】曰∶造黄卷法，壬癸曰，以井华水浸黑大豆，候芽长五寸，干之即为黄卷。用时
熬过
【 】曰∶大豆作黄卷，比之区萌而达 者，长十数倍矣。从艮而震，震而巽矣。自癸
而甲，甲而乙矣。始生之曰黄，黄而卷，曲直之木性备矣。木为肝脏，藏真通于肝，肝脏筋
膜之气也。大筋聚于膝，膝属溪谷之府也。故主湿痹筋挛，膝痛不可屈伸。屈伸为曲直，象
形
（别录中品）
龙从火里得，金向水中求，不须他方寻觅矣。
【气味】辛寒，有毒。
【主治】主疥 ，痂疡白秃，杀皮肤中虱，堕胎，除热，伏金银铜锡毒。熔化还复为
丹，久服神仙不死。
【核】曰∶原名 ，一名汞，汞与 同，纲目名灵液，药性名 女，此丹灶家言也。
古采符陵平土，今采秦州、商州、道州、邵武军者。淮南子言∶弱土之气，御于白天生白 ，
白生白 。陶弘景言∶是出朱砂腹中者佳，亦有别出沙地，色青白者，为之生 ，或朱砂
粗末，或山石折裂，采其砂石，烧 成者，色小白而浊，皆不及生 之能应化无方也。陈霆
墨谈云∶拂林国，当日没处，有 海，周匝七、八十里，国人取之，近海十数里，掘坑堑数
十方，乃使健夫骏马，遍体粘贴金箔，行近海隅，日光晃耀， 则滚沸如潮，涌逐而至，若
琥珀之遇芥，磁石之见铁，盖 以金为食也，遂回马疾驰，俟涌逐之势渐缓，遇坑堑则
KT积于中，否则人马亦为之裹没矣。取得此品，合香草煎制，便成白金，为丹家至宝。
世用
熟烧炼，经数十百世，曾未成丹者，以熟 气去形存，名曰阴符，又曰死尸，徒消年岁，
终不可得也。一种草 ，法用细叶马齿苋，先以槐木槌熟，向日东作架，曝二、三日，经久
更善，乃烧灰存性，置瓦瓮中，封固瓮口，埋土内四十九日，则 成矣。每苋百斤，可得
三两，或十两。胡演丹药秘诀云∶取朱砂 法，用瓷瓶盛朱砂，不拘多寡，以纸封瓶口，香
草汤煮一伏时，先于地上，掘一土坑，置一铁盘于坑内，次以瓷瓶倒复盘内，遂用盐泥，封
固近盘瓶口，更筑实以土，露瓶下节之半于土上，围以栗炭， 二炷香，火息气冷， 自流
溢盘中矣。每朱砂末一斤，可得 十两。旧坑明透好砂，可得 十五两。邕州溪洞，烧取极
易，以百两为一铫，铫之制似猪脬，外糊浓纸数重，贮之即不走漏，若散失在地，以川椒末，
或茶末收之，或真金，及 石引之即上。嘉谟云∶去 之砂魄，名曰天琉，丹灶家用之。修
事，勿用草 ，并旧朱漆中烧出者，或经别药制过者，或死尸中流者，误服为毒甚深，不可
不辨。必取生 ，但不易得，唯砂末烧取者，乃可用之，用紫背天葵、夜交藤汁，同煮一伏
时，以去其毒。修事十两，二汁各用七镒。宗 云∶ 得铅则凝，得硫黄则结，铜得之则明，
灌尸中则后腐，以五金置其上则浮，得紫背天葵、紫河车则伏，得川椒则收。可以勾金，可
以涌泉，匮盖藉死， 气也。并枣肉研乳则散，别法制之，则成腻粉、粉霜。吐唾研之，可
死虫虱也。土宿真君云∶荷叶、松叶、松脂、谷精草、萱草、金星草、瓦松、夏枯草、忍冬、
莨菪子、雁来红、马蹄香、独枝莲、水慈姑、万年青、苍耳草、陆六藤、白花充蔚，皆能制
汞
【 】曰∶水银，似水如银也。原名 ， 从水项声，音为水银 ，俗作水银汞者谬矣。
色华青，显诸火而还丹赤，显诸土而峭粉黄，显诸金而凝霜白，显诸水而结砂玄。随合仍分
随分仍合，遍周四大，攒簇五行，神仙不死药也。顾注留九窍，死且不朽，况饵服者乎。
故对待生欲速朽者，为疹 ，为痂疡白秃，杀皮肤中虱，其功特着。有言气寒为阴金之属者
，恐失体用相荡之为性矣。
【《神农本草经》中品】
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗湿痹导致的筋脉拘挛，膝盖疼痛且无法屈伸。
【考证】说：制作黄卷的方法，在壬癸日（属水之日），用清晨的井水浸泡黑大豆，等到豆芽长到五寸长，晒干后就成为黄卷。使用时需经过熬制。
【按语】说：大豆制成黄卷，比起刚刚萌芽的状态，生长了十数倍。它从艮卦（山）转化为震卦（雷），再转化为巽卦（风）。从癸水转化为甲木，再转化为乙木。刚开始生长时称为“黄”，黄色而卷曲，具备了树木曲直的特性。木对应肝脏，其真气通于肝，是肝脏筋膜之气所在。大筋聚集在膝盖处，膝盖属于溪谷之府。所以能主治湿痹引起的筋脉拘挛和膝盖疼痛导致无法屈伸。屈伸即表现为曲直，这是取象比类。
【《名医别录》中品】
龙从火中得到，金向水中寻求，不需要去其他地方寻找了。
【气味】味辛，性寒，有毒。
【主治】主要治疗疥疮、结痂溃疡、头部白秃（脱发伴鳞屑），杀灭皮肤中的虱子，堕胎，清除热邪，解除金银铜锡的毒性。熔化后重新炼成丹砂，长期服用可使人成仙不死。
【考证】说：原名“汞”，又名“汞”，“汞”与“汞”同义，《本草纲目》称之为“灵液”，《药性论》称之为“姹女”，这是炼丹家的说法。古代在符陵平原采集，现在采集自秦州、商州、道州、邵武军等地。《淮南子》说：柔弱土壤的气息，驾驭白天产生白色的“生汞”，白色产生白色的“熟汞”。陶弘景说：出自朱砂腹中的为佳，也有另外出产于沙地，颜色青白的，称为“生汞”，或者是朱砂的粗末，或者是山石破裂，采集其中的砂石，烧炼而成的，颜色小白且浑浊，都不如“生汞”那样能够应化无方。陈霆《墨谈》说：拂菻国（指阿拉伯地区或西方），在太阳落下的地方，有“汞海”，周围七八十里，当地人采集它，在海边十几里处挖掘数十个坑堑，然后让健壮的男子骑着马，全身粘贴金箔，走到海边，阳光耀眼，汞就像潮水一样翻滚沸腾，涌来追逐他们，就像琥珀遇到芥子，磁石见到铁一样，大概是因为汞以金为食，于是骑马疾驰，等待汞涌逐的势头逐渐减缓，遇到坑堑就积聚在其中，否则人马也会被裹挟淹没。取得这种产品，合香草煎制，就变成白金，是炼丹家的至宝。世间的用法是用熟汞烧炼，经过几十上百代，从未炼成丹的，因为熟汞气散形存，名叫“阴符”，又叫“死尸”，白白消耗岁月，最终不可得。另一种草制汞法，用细叶马齿苋，先用槐木槌打熟，向东架起，曝晒二三天，经久更好，然后烧灰存性，放在瓦瓮中，封固瓮口，埋在土内四十九天，汞就形成了。每百斤苋菜，可得三两或十两汞。胡演《丹药秘诀》说：取朱砂中汞的方法，用瓷瓶盛放朱砂，不管多少，用纸封住瓶口，用香草汤煮一个时辰（两小时），先在地上挖一个土坑，在坑内放一个铁盘，然后把瓷瓶倒扣在盘内，再用盐泥封固靠近盘子的瓶口，并用土夯实，露出瓶子下半节在土上，周围堆满栗炭，燃烧两炷香的时间，火灭气冷，汞就会自然流溢到盘中。每斤朱砂末，可得汞十两。旧坑明亮透彻的好砂，可得汞十五两。邕州溪洞地区，烧取极其容易，以一百两为一铫（一种容器），铫的形状像猪膀胱，外面糊上几层厚纸，装好后就不会泄漏，如果散失在地上，用川椒末或茶末可以回收，或者用真金及砒石引导它就会上升。嘉谟说：去除汞中的砂魄，名叫“天琉”，炼丹家用它。修治时，不要用草制汞，以及从旧朱漆中烧出的，或者经过其他药物炮制的，或者从“死尸”中流出的，误服毒性很深，不能不辨别。必须取用“生汞”，但不易得到，只有将砂末烧取出来的，才可以使用，用紫背天葵、夜交藤汁，共同煮一个时辰，以去除其毒性。修治十两汞，两种汁各用七镒（约一两多）。宗奭说：汞遇到铅则凝固，遇到硫黄则结块，铜遇到它就变亮，灌入尸体中则使尸体后腐，把五金放在上面则漂浮，遇到紫背天葵、紫河车则潜伏，遇到川椒则收敛。它可以勾连金属，可以涌泉，匮乏盖借由死亡，汞气也。并与枣肉研碎成乳状则分散，用其他方法炼制，则成为腻粉、粉霜。吐唾沫研磨它，可以杀死虫虱。土宿真君说：荷叶、松叶、松脂、谷精草、萱草、金星草、瓦松、夏枯草、忍冬、莨菪子、雁来红、马蹄香、独枝莲、水慈姑、万年青、苍耳草、陆六藤、白花充蔚，都能制约汞。
【按语】说：水银，像水又像银。原名“汞”，“汞”字从水项声，读音为水银，俗写作水银汞是错误的。色泽华丽呈青色，遇火显现还丹赤色，遇土显现峭粉黄色，遇金显现凝霜白色，遇水显现结砂玄色。随着结合仍分离，随着分离仍结合，遍周四大（地水火风），攒簇五行，是神仙不死的药物。顾注说：留住九窍，死后尚且不腐烂，何况是服用的人呢。所以对于那些对待生命欲望强烈而迅速腐朽的人，表现为疹子、结痂溃疡、头部白秃，杀灭皮肤中的虱子，它的功效特别显著。有人说它气寒属于阴金一类，恐怕失去了体用相荡的本性。
[Shennong Bencao Jing, Middle Category]
[Taste and Nature] Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats damp-bi syndrome causing tendon spasms, knee pain with inability to flex or extend.
[Verification] It is said: The method for preparing Huangjuan (Yellow Bean Sprouts) involves soaking black soybeans in well water drawn at dawn on Ren-Gui days (days associated with Water element). Wait until the sprouts grow five cun long, then dry them to obtain Huangjuan. When used, it must be stir-fried or boiled.
[Commentary] It is said: Soybeans transformed into Huangjuan have grown ten times more than their initial germination state. They transform from the Gen trigram (Mountain) to Zhen (Thunder), and then to Xun (Wind). From Gui Water to Jia Wood, and then to Yi Wood. Initially called "Huang" (Yellow), yellow and curled, possessing the characteristics of wood bending and straightening. Wood corresponds to the Liver; its true Qi connects to the Liver, which governs the qi of tendons and fascia. Large tendons gather at the knees, and the knees belong to the mansion of streams and valleys. Therefore, it primarily treats damp-bi causing tendon spasms and knee pain preventing flexion and extension. Flexion and extension manifest as bending and straightening, illustrating symbolic correspondence.
[Mingyi Bielu, Middle Category]
Dragon is obtained from fire, Metal is sought in water; there is no need to search elsewhere.
[Taste and Nature] Pungent in taste, cold in nature, toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats scabies, crusted ulcers, and alopecia capitis (white baldness); kills lice in the skin; induces abortion; clears heat; resolves toxicity from gold, silver, copper, and tin. When melted and re-refined into cinnabar, long-term consumption leads to immortality.
[Verification] It is said: Originally named "Gong" (Mercury), also known as "Gong". "Gong" and "Gong" are synonymous. *Bencao Gangmu* calls it "Lingye" (Spiritual Liquid), and *Yaoxing Lun* calls it "ChaNv" (Chaste Maiden), terms used by alchemists. Historically mined in Fuling plain; currently sourced from Qinzhou, Shangzhou, Daozhou, and Shaowu Jun. *Huainanzi* states: The qi of weak soil, guided by the white sun, generates white "Sheng Gong" (Raw Mercury), which produces white "Shu Gong" (Refined Mercury). Tao Hongjing states: That originating from within cinnabar is best; some come from sandy areas, appearing greenish-white, called "Sheng Gong". Others are coarse cinnabar powder or crushed mountain stones, mined and calcined, appearing pale white and turbid; these are inferior to "Sheng Gong" in transformative power. Chen Ting's *Motan* records: In Fulin (Western regions), where the sun sets, there is a "Mercury Sea" spanning 70-80 li. Locals mine it by digging trenches several dozen feet apart near the coast. Strong men on horses, covered in gold foil, ride close to the shore. Under the dazzling sunlight, mercury boils like waves, chasing them like amber attracting mustard seeds or magnets attracting iron, as mercury feeds on gold. They gallop away until the surge subsides, allowing mercury to accumulate in the trenches; otherwise, humans and horses would be engulfed. This product, processed with aromatic herbs, becomes white gold, a treasure of alchemists. Worldly usage involves roasting refined mercury for decades without success because refined mercury loses its qi but retains form, termed "Yinfu" (Yin Talisman) or "Dead Corpse", wasting time. Another method uses purslane (Portulaca oleracea): beat fine-leaved purslane with a locust wood mallet, dry eastward for 2-3 days, char to retain nature, seal in a clay jar, bury for 49 days. 100 jin of purslane yields 3 or 10 taels of mercury. Hu Yan's *Dan Yao Mi Jue* describes extracting mercury from cinnabar: Place cinnabar in a porcelain bottle, seal with paper, boil in herbal decoction for one shichen (2 hours). Dig a pit, place an iron plate inside, invert the bottle over the plate, seal the neck with salt mud, pack with earth, leaving half the bottle exposed. Surround with chestnut charcoal, burn for two incense sticks' duration. Upon cooling, mercury flows into the plate. 1 jin of cinnabar powder yields 10 taels of mercury; high-quality old-mine cinnabar yields 15 taels. In Yongzhou caves, extraction is easy using a pig-bladder-shaped vessel lined with thick paper to prevent leakage. If spilled, collect with Sichuan pepper powder or tea leaves, or attract with real gold or arsenic stone. Jiamo notes: Removing sand residue from mercury is called "Tianliu", used by alchemists. For processing, avoid grass-prepared mercury, mercury from old lacquerware, or that prepared by other drugs or flowing from "dead corpses", as accidental ingestion is highly toxic. One must use "Sheng Gong" (Raw Mercury), though rare; only mercury extracted by burning cinnabar powder is usable. Boil with Purple Back Tiankui (Basella rubra) and Yejiaoteng (Polygonum multiflorum vine) juice for one shichen to detoxify. For 10 taels of mercury, use 7 yi of each juice. Zong Shi states: Mercury coagulates with lead, solidifies with sulfur, brightens copper, preserves corpses, floats on metals, and subdues with Tiankui or Zihewu (Placenta). It can bind metals, generate springs, and relies on death for containment. Mixed with jujube flesh, it disperses; other refinements yield Nifen (Calomel) or Fen Shuang. Spittle grinding kills insects. Tusu Zhenjun states: Lotus leaf, pine needle, pine resin, Gujingcao, Daylily, Venus Grass, Tile Moss, Prunella, Honeysuckle, Datura seed, Amaranthus, Horse Hoof Fragrance, Single Branch Lotus, Water Arrowhead, Evergreen, Xanthium herb, Luliu Vine, White Flower Chongwei, all control mercury.
[Commentary] It is said: Shuiyin (Mercury) resembles water and silver. Originally named "Gong", derived from the water radical and phonetic 'xiang', pronounced Shuiyin. Commonly written as Shuiyin or Gong is erroneous. Its luster is cyan; upon fire, it turns red (cinnabar); upon earth, yellow (calomel); upon metal, white (frost); upon water, black (sand). It combines and separates cyclically, encompassing the Four Elements and Five Phases, serving as the elixir of immortality. Gu Zhu notes: Retaining the nine orifices prevents decay after death, let alone internal consumption. Thus, for those whose desire for life accelerates decay, manifesting as rashes, ulcers, and scalp scaling, killing skin lice, its efficacy is remarkable. Some claim its cold nature aligns it with Yin Metal, missing the dynamic interaction of substance and function.