（本经下品）
【气味】辛咸温，有小毒。
【主治】主风痹死肌邪气，风头泪出，利九窍，杀精物。
【核】曰∶出雍州山谷，及鲁邹县，近以怀、孟者为胜，所在有之。树极高硕，叶似槐，
瘦长而尖。枝间多刺。夏作细花黄色。结实有三种∶一种短小，形似猪牙；一种长大肥浓多
脂而粘手；一种细长瘦薄，枯燥而不粘手。入药肥浓多脂者佳。但树多丛刺，难于采取，用
竹篾箍树本，其荚过夜尽落，亦一异也。有不结实者，将树本凿一大孔，入生铁三五斤，遂
用泥封孔口，次年即结实，且倍往昔。有人以铁砧捶皂荚，砧即自损；或以铁碾之，碾即成
孔；或以铁锅爨之，锅即暴片自落。岂皂荚与铁，有感召之情耶？修事，取赤色脂浓不蛀者，
新汲水浸一宿，铜刀刮去粗皮，用乳酥反复炙透，捶去子、弦。每荚一两，用酥五钱。柏实
为之使。恶麦门冬，畏空青、人参、苦参。
【 】曰∶皂水色，咸水味，当为五木之水矣。灌铁木中，皂荚始茂，不为金所刑，转
以铁为生者，即母令子实，递成生化，木藉金为用也。独辛金味胜，故主风痹死肌，风头
泪出；以辛泻之，泻之者泻外身之外风也；亦以辛补之，补之者，补内身之风大也。若窍闭
即风大不及。精物即外风太过，咸可补之泻之。顾补泻在病主之苦欲，随病主之苦欲，因名
药物之补泻耳。
【本经下品】
【气味】味辛、咸，性温，有小毒。
【主治】主治风痹（风邪与湿邪阻滞经络导致的肢体麻木疼痛）、肌肉枯死僵硬及邪气侵袭，缓解头部眩晕伴流泪症状，通利九窍，杀灭精怪之物。
【核】曰：皂荚产于雍州的山谷，以及鲁地邹县，近来以怀州、孟州出产的品质最佳，各地都有生长。树身高大粗壮，叶子像槐树叶，细长且尖端。枝条间多刺。夏季开出细小的黄色花朵。结出的果实有三种：一种短小，形状像猪牙；一种长大肥厚，油脂丰富且粘手；一种细长瘦薄，干燥且不粘手。入药以肥厚多脂者为佳。但树木多丛生的刺，难以采摘，可用竹篾箍住树干基部，让皂荚过夜后全部落下，这也是一种奇异的方法。有不结果实的树，在树干基部凿一个大孔，放入生铁三到五斤，然后用泥封住孔口，第二年就能结果，而且产量比往年加倍。有人用铁砧捶打皂荚，铁砧就会自行受损；或者用铁碾磨它，铁碾就会出现孔洞；或者用铁锅煮它，铁锅就会爆裂成片脱落。难道皂荚与铁之间，有相互感应的感情吗？炮制方法：选取赤色、油脂浓稠且不蛀虫的皂荚，用新汲取的水浸泡一夜，用铜刀刮去粗皮，用乳酥反复炙烤透彻，捣碎去掉种子和筋络。每两皂荚，用五钱乳酥。柏实是它的使药。厌恶麦门冬，畏惧空青、人参、苦参。
【 】曰：皂荚水呈现黑色，咸水具有咸味，应当属于“五木”中的水行属性。浇灌在铁木中，皂荚才开始茂盛，不被金所克制，反而以铁为生者，这就是“母令子实”，依次成就生化过程，木借助金来发挥作用。唯独辛金的味道占优势，所以主治风痹、肌肉枯死僵硬、头部眩晕流泪；用辛味来泻之，所谓泻，是泻除体表之外的风邪；也用辛味来补之，所谓补，是补益体内之风大（指风邪在体内的盛衰变化）。如果窍道闭塞，就是风大不及。精物即外风太过，咸味可以补也可以泻。但是补泻取决于病患身体的痛苦与需求，随着病患身体的痛苦与需求，因此得名药物的补泻作用罢了。
[Lower Grade of the Shennong Bencao Jing]
[Flavor and Nature] Acrid, salty, warm, with slight toxicity.
[Indications] Primarily treats wind-bi (a syndrome caused by wind and dampness pathogens obstructing the meridians, leading to numbness and pain), dead muscle tissue, and pathogenic qi invasion; alleviates dizziness accompanied by tearing from the eyes; unblocks the nine orifices; kills spirit creatures.
[Analysis] It is stated: Saponaria officinalis (Zaojia) grows in the valleys of Yongzhou and Zou County in Lu. Currently, those from Huai and Meng are considered superior, though it is found everywhere. The tree is tall and robust, with leaves resembling those of the locust tree (Sophora japonica), long, thin, and pointed. The branches bear many thorns. In summer, it produces small yellow flowers. The fruits come in three types: one type is short and small, resembling pig's teeth; another is large, plump, rich in oil, and sticky to the touch; the third is long, thin, and dry, not sticky to the touch. For medicinal use, the plump and oily variety is preferred. However, the trees have dense thorns, making harvesting difficult. One method is to bind the base of the tree with bamboo strips, allowing the pods to fall off overnight, which is a unique technique. For trees that do not bear fruit, a large hole is drilled into the base, into which 3 to 5 jin of raw iron is placed. The hole is then sealed with mud. By the next year, the tree bears fruit, and the yield doubles compared to previous years. Some people pound Zaojia on an iron anvil, causing the anvil to self-damage; or grind it with an iron millstone, causing holes to form in the stone; or cook it in an iron pot, causing the pot to burst and flakes to fall off. Is there a mutual感应 (resonance/affinity) between Zaojia and iron? Processing: Select reddish, oily, non-infested pods. Soak them overnight in fresh water. Scrape off the rough skin with a copper knife. Roast thoroughly with milk butter (ru su), pounding to remove seeds and fibrous membranes. For every 1 liang of pod, use 5 qian of butter. Platycladi Semen (Baishi) serves as its assistant herb. It is incompatible with Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong); it fears Azurite (Kongqing), Ginseng (Renshen), and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (Kushen).
[Commentary] It is said: The water of Zaojia appears black, and salty water has a salty taste, thus belonging to the Water element among the "Five Woods." When irrigated into iron wood, Zaojia thrives, not being restrained by Metal, but rather growing through Iron. This exemplifies "the mother generating the son," sequentially achieving biological transformation, where Wood utilizes Metal. Since the Acrid-Metal flavor prevails, it primarily treats wind-bi, dead muscle, and dizziness with tearing. Using Acrid to drain (Xie) means draining external wind from the exterior body; using Acrid to tonify (Bu) means tonifying the internal Wind element (referring to the fluctuation of wind pathogens within). If the orifices are blocked, it indicates insufficient Wind element. Spirit creatures represent excessive external wind, which can be addressed by Salty flavors through both tonification and drainage. However, tonification and drainage depend on the patient's specific suffering and needs. Based on these needs, the terms tonification and drainage are applied to drugs.