（本经上品）
【气味】甘寒，无毒。
【主治】主咳逆，寒热，烦满，下赤白，血闭症瘕，火热。炼饵服之不饥，轻身延年。
【核】曰∶出东海池泽，凡山岛中池泽亦有之；形如鹅鸭卵，外有壳重叠，中有黄色细
末如蒲黄，无沙者佳。近年茅山池泽中者极精好，状如牛黄，重重甲错，其佳处，乃紫色靡
靡如面，嚼之无复碜，其生成之因，已具太一余粮条内。修治，细研水洮，取汁澄之，勿令
有沙土可也。
【 】曰∶绩平水土，有如神禹，故曰禹。然亦水土之精气所钟。土劣水势，偏得水气
之专精者也。曰余粮者，炼饵服之，不饥延年故也。气味甘寒，对待火热，及水土浊邪，聚
为寒热，为咳逆，为烦满，为赤白，为血闭，为症瘕，或肾形无坚固性，致洪水泛滥者，当
捷如影响。
（神农尝百草，别五味五气，有毒无毒，及方域形色，功能优劣，以名药物。若禹余粮，
绩平水土，诠名曰禹，抑逆知后世之有神禹乎，余读本经文，似出周人手笔，况太乙两字，
又出自老氏口角。）
（本经上品）
坎不盈柢既平。
【气味】甘寒，无毒。
【主治】主身热泄 ，女子乳难癃闭，利小便，荡胃中积聚寒热，益精气。久服轻身耐
饥长年。
【核】曰∶出赭阳山谷，及太山始安之阴，广之桂林各邑，及 峒中皆出，即古之始安
也。山东蓬莱县桂府村所出者亦佳。初取柔软，久渐坚强，冰白如凝脂，滑而且腻。根即不
灰木，中有光明黄子，即石脑芝也。若理粗质硬，色青有黑点者，谓之斑石，或乌色、绿色、
黄
去牡丹皮，取出，以东流水飞过数次，晒干用
绍隆王先生云∶滑从水，从骨，故能散精于肾，淫气于骨，以助髓液流通之用。
【 】曰∶洁白如水体之澄湛，性滑禀水用之动流，气寒具水化之捍格，奇方之滑剂重
剂也。主身热泄 ，乳难癃闭，荡胃中积聚寒热者，滑可去着也。益精气，轻身耐饥长年者，
重
（《神农本草经》列为上品）
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗咳嗽气逆、寒热往来、胸中烦闷胀满、下痢赤白脓血、经血闭阻及癥瘕积聚、火热之邪。经过炼制后作为食品服用，可以使人不感饥饿，身体轻健，延年益寿。
【考证】曰：禹余粮出产于东海的池塘沼泽地带，凡是山岛中的池塘沼泽也有出产；其形状像鹅蛋或鸭蛋，外层有重叠的壳，内部含有黄色的细粉末，类似蒲黄，没有沙粒混杂的为佳品。近年茅山池塘沼泽中出产的尤为精好，形状像牛黄，层层叠叠如龟甲裂纹，其佳妙之处在于呈现紫色且细腻如面粉，咀嚼时不再有砂砾感。其形成的原因，已在“太一余粮”条目中详细记载。炮制方法为：细细研磨，用水淘洗，取澄清的汁液沉淀使用，务必确保没有沙土杂质即可。
【按语】曰：禹余粮的功效在于平定水土灾害，神似大禹治水，因此命名为“禹”。它也是水土精气汇聚而成的产物。土性卑下而受制于水势，是偏得水性精华专一的物质。称为“余粮”，是因为经过炼制服用后，能使人不饥并延长寿命。其气味甘寒，与火热之邪相对治，以及针对水土浊邪聚集所导致的寒热、咳嗽气逆、烦闷胀满、下痢赤白、经血闭阻、癥瘕积聚等症状，或者针对肾脏形态虽具但缺乏坚固性导致洪水泛滥般的病机，其疗效应当迅速如影随形。
（神农品尝百草，辨别五味五气，有毒无毒，以及产地、颜色形状，功能的优劣，以此命名药物。像禹余粮这样，功效在于平定水土，诠释名称为“禹”，或许是预先预知后世会有像大禹那样的圣人吧？我阅读《本经》经文，似乎出自周代人手笔，况且“太乙”二字，又出自老子之口。）
（《神农本草经》列为上品）
坎卦不满，根基既已平定。
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗身体发热、腹泻、女子乳汁不通、小便淋漓闭塞，通利小便，清除胃中积聚的寒热邪气，补益精气。长期服用可使身体轻健，耐饥渴，长寿。
【考证】曰：滑石出产于赭阳的山谷，以及泰山始安郡的阴面，广州的桂林各县城，以及峒洞中都有出产，即古代的始安郡。山东蓬莱县桂府村出产的也很好。刚开采时质地柔软，久置后逐渐变坚硬，颜色冰白如凝固的油脂，光滑而且油腻。其根部即为不灰木，中间含有光明的黄色籽实，即石脑芝。如果纹理粗糙、质地坚硬、颜色青黑且有黑点的，称为斑石，或者是乌色、绿色、黄色的……去掉牡丹皮，取出，用东流水反复飞罗数次，晒干后使用。
绍隆王先生说：滑字从水、从骨，所以能够散播精气于肾，使淫溢之气达于骨，以辅助髓液流通的作用。
【按语】曰：滑石洁白如水体的清澈深沉，性质滑利禀承了水用流动的特性，气寒具备水化阻滞的特性，是奇方中的滑剂、重剂。主要治疗身体发热、腹泻、乳汁不通、小便闭塞，清除胃中积聚的寒热邪气，这是因为“滑可去着”（滑利药可以去除附着之邪）。补益精气，使身体轻健、耐饥、长寿者，是因为其质重……
(Shennong Bencao Jing [Divine Farmer's Materia Medica], Upper Grade)
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats cough with counterflow qi (ke ni), alternating chills and fever, chest irritability and fullness, dysentery with red and white discharge, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, zheng jia masses (abdominal masses), and fire-heat pathogens. When refined and taken as food, it prevents hunger, lightens the body, and prolongs life.
[Verification] It is stated: Yu Liang (Hematitum) is found in the ponds and marshes of the East Sea; it is also found in ponds and marshes within mountain islands. Its shape resembles goose or duck eggs, with overlapping shells on the outside and yellow fine powder resembling Puhuang (Sparganii Pollen) inside. The variety without sand is superior. In recent years, those from the ponds and marshes of Mount Mao are extremely fine and good, resembling Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis), with layers resembling tortoise shell patterns. Its finest quality appears purple and fine like flour, and when chewed, no longer feels gritty. The cause of its formation has been fully detailed in the entry for Tai Yi Yu Liang. Processing method: Grind finely, wash with water, take the clarified liquid, allow it to settle, ensuring no sand or soil remains.
[Commentary] It is said: Yu Liang's efficacy lies in pacifying water and earth disasters, akin to the Great Yu controlling the floods, hence named "Yu". It is also a product where the essence and qi of water and earth converge. Earth is inferior and controlled by water, yet Yu Liang is a substance that exclusively obtains the refined essence of water. It is called "Yu Liang" (Surplus Grain) because, after refinement and consumption, it prevents hunger and extends longevity. Its sweet and cold nature counters fire-heat pathogens, as well as turbid pathogens of water and earth that gather to cause alternating chills and fever, cough with counterflow qi, irritability and fullness, red and white dysentery, blood closure, and zheng jia masses. Or, regarding conditions where the kidney form exists but lacks solidity, leading to flooding-like pathologies, its effect should be swift as shadow and echo.
(The Divine Farmer tasted hundreds of herbs, distinguished the five flavors and five qi, toxicity, origin, color, shape, and functional superiority/inferiority, thereby naming the drugs. For Yu Liang, whose function is to pacify water and earth, interpreting its name as "Yu", perhaps it foresaw that there would be sages like the Great Yu in later generations? I read the text of the Bencao Jing, which seems to be written by someone from the Zhou dynasty. Moreover, the term "Tai Yi" originates from Laozi.)
(Shennong Bencao Jing [Divine Farmer's Materia Medica], Upper Grade)
The Kan trigram is not full; the foundation is already level.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats body heat, diarrhea, difficulty in lactation in women, strangury and urinary retention, promotes urination, clears accumulated cold and heat in the stomach, and benefits essence and qi. Long-term use makes the body light, resistant to hunger, and promotes longevity.
[Verification] It is stated: Hua Shi (Talcum) is found in the valleys of Zheyang, and on the shady sides of Mount Tai and Shian, in various counties of Guilin in Guangzhou, and in Dong caves, which is ancient Shian. Those from Guifu Village, Penglai County, Shandong, are also excellent. Initially soft upon extraction, it gradually becomes hard over time. It is ice-white like congealed fat, smooth and greasy. Its root is Bui Mu (Asbestus), containing bright yellow seeds inside, which is Shi Nao Zhi. If the texture is coarse and hard, the color is green with black spots, it is called Ban Shi (Mottled Stone). Or if it is black, green, or yellow... Remove Peony Root Cortex, extract, pass through running east-flowing water several times, dry in the sun, and use.
Mr. Wang Shaolong said: The character "Hua" (Smooth/Slippery) consists of "water" and "bone"; thus, it can scatter essence to the Kidney and distribute excessive qi to the bones, assisting the circulation of marrow fluid.
[Commentary] It is stated: Hua Shi is white and clean like clear water, its slippery nature inherits the flowing characteristic of water, and its cold qi possesses the obstructive characteristic of water transformation. It is a heavy and slippery agent in unique prescriptions. It primarily treats body heat, diarrhea, lactation difficulty, strangury, and clears accumulated cold and heat in the stomach, because "slipperiness can remove adherence" (Hua Ke Qu Zhuo). Benefiting essence and qi, making the body light, resisting hunger, and promoting longevity is due to its heaviness...