（本经中品）
【气味】苦寒，无毒。
【主治】主心腹邪气，五疸，补中，益气，利九窍。
【核】曰∶出砀山山谷，及楚地，今出襄阳，多从南阳新野来。二月逐垄下子，苗似兰
香，赤茎青节，紫花白实，其实秋月乃熟也。春社前后采根，头有白毛如茸，以石压扁，曝
干，收时忌人溺，及驴马粪，并烟气，能令根黄。如未花时采取，根色鲜明；如已作花，根
色黯恶，染色亦不堪用也。修事，每斤用蜡二两，熔水拌蒸，水尽为度，去头，并两畔髭，
细锉用。
先人云∶紫草色胜，盖肝主色，而肝之色，又从风化。凡病变于色者相宜，然肝疏二便，
饵
【 】曰∶紫，间色，水乘火色也。气寒味苦，臭芳性洁，禀水气澄湛之体，捍格之用。
主心腹浊邪热气，郁作五黄，损气闭窍者，力能捍格而澄湛之。别录广心腹邪气，及肿胀满
痛，利九窍，及通水道。若儿疮，即热浊于血；面渣，即热浊于气于色耳。蕲阳广儿疮，及
斑疹豆毒，活血凉血，以利大肠。经验方云∶痘疮三日，隐隐将出，色赤便闭者相宜。曾世
荣云∶脾实协热者可用，脾虚协寒者不可用。慎之，慎之。
（儿医用药尚新，无暇察色问证，详确病因，致死生存亡，莫之能测。曾世荣，及经验
方言
（本经中品）
臭腐中具大神奇，故种种功力不可思议。以能前通阳气，自然遍周四大，则心肝脾胃、
爪生
【气味】辛平，无毒。
【主治】作汤，主伤寒寒热，中风，面目浮肿，能出汗。
【核】曰∶所在有之。凡四种∶山谷者，曰 葱。陆地者，曰胡葱、冻葱、汉葱。汉葱
一名木葱，茎薄味淡，春时开花，作子卒黑而三瓣；冻葱，一名冬葱，又名慈葱，或名大官
葱，茎柔而香，不结子，分茎栽莳，夏衰而冬盛；胡葱，茎叶粗硬； 葱，似胡葱而稍细，
葱疗病，冻葱入药最美也。
【 】曰∶白根层理，绿茎空中，上达横遍，阳气前通之象也。方之奇方、急方，剂之
宣剂、通剂也。故主阳气闭塞，致寒风外侮，作汤荡涤之，前通阳气，扬液为汗也。先人云∶
葱叶离白转大，去根气味更胜，故从根柢，直彻巅顶。仲景云∶少阴病面赤者，四逆汤加葱
白主之。先人云∶阴经面赤，谓之戴阳。葱白不离于阴，以通阴中之阳也。蕲阳云∶葱管吹
盐入玉茎内，治小便不通，及转胞。先人云∶虽是吹入，实是透出，虽是下通，实是上达。
活人书云∶头痛如破者，连根葱白半斤，佐生姜二两，水煮温服。先人云∶病头用根，欲从
甲乙，直作丙丁，邪始净尽。深师方云∶胎动下血，痛极抢心，葱白煮浓汁饮之，未死即安，
已死即出。先人云∶葱白虽通阴分之阳，其机轻捷，使邪遽出，无容留碍，故中气无损，妊
娠为宜。宗 云∶葱主发散，多食昏神。先人云∶发散心王之邪，其机数数，宁免自伤。又
云∶其气开出，当入太阴，其性通明，当入阳明，倘阳明阖机不及者，投之为害不浅。又云∶
卒中闷绝，多属阳气闭塞，葱力内开骨节，外达毫窍，下及趺踵，上彻巅顶，可使生阳遍周
四大，若出入之神机废弛，无能为矣。
【本草经·中品】
【气味】味苦，性寒，无毒。
【主治】主治心腹部的邪气，五种黄疸病，补益中焦，益气，通利九窍。
【考证】曰：紫草产于砀山山谷及楚地，现今多产自襄阳，大多从南阳新野运来。二月间顺着田垄播种种子，苗叶形状像兰花香气植物，茎为红色，节为青色，开紫色花，结白色果实，其果实要在秋季才成熟。春社日前后采集根部，根部顶端有白色绒毛如茸毛状，用石头压扁，晒干。采收时忌讳人尿、驴马粪便以及烟气，这些会使根变黄。如果在未开花时采取，根部颜色鲜明；如果已经开花，根部颜色暗淡恶劣，染色也不堪使用。炮制方法：每斤紫草用蜡二两，熔化蜡水拌蒸，直到水分蒸发尽为止，去掉根部顶端和两侧的须根，细切后使用。
先父说：紫草色泽鲜艳，因为肝主色，而肝的颜色又受风气影响。凡是病变表现在颜色上的情况适宜使用，然而肝疏泄二便（大小便），服用它……
【注释】曰：紫是间色，是水克制火的颜色。气寒味苦，气味芳香，性质洁净，禀受水气澄澈湛静的本体，具有抵御格拒的作用。主治心腹部浊邪热气，郁结导致五黄（五种黄疸），损伤正气闭塞窍道者，其力量能够抵御格拒并使之气机澄澈湛静。《别录》扩充了治疗心腹邪气，以及肿胀满痛，通利九窍，以及通调水道。如果是小儿疮疡，就是热邪浑浊于血分；面部渣滓样皮疹，就是热邪浑浊于气分和颜色罢了。蕲阳扩展了治疗小儿疮疡，以及斑疹痘毒，通过活血凉血，来通利大肠。经验方说：痘疮发病三天，隐隐约约将要发出，颜色赤红且大便闭结的情况适宜使用。曾世荣说：脾实兼有热邪者可以使用，脾虚兼有寒邪者不可使用。谨慎啊，谨慎啊。
（儿科医生用药尚且追求新鲜，无暇观察面色询问证候，详细确切地探究病因，导致生死存亡，没有人能预测。曾世荣及经验方所说的……）
【本草经·中品】
臭腐之中蕴含大神奇，所以各种功效不可思议。因为它能预先通达阳气，自然遍周全身四大部位，则心、肝、脾、胃……爪甲生长……
【气味】味辛，性平，无毒。
【主治】煮汤饮用，主治伤寒引起的寒热往来，中风，面目浮肿，能发汗。
【考证】曰：各地都有出产。凡有四种：生长在山谷中的，称为葱。生长在陆地上的，称为胡葱、冻葱、汉葱。汉葱又名木葱，茎薄味道淡，春天开花，结黑色三瓣的种子；冻葱，又名冬葱，又名慈葱，或称大官葱，茎柔嫩而香，不结种子，分株栽种，夏天衰退冬天茂盛；胡葱，茎叶粗硬；[某种]葱，像胡葱但稍细，葱用来治病，冻葱入药效果最好。
【注释】曰：白色根部层层纹理，绿色茎干中空，向上通达横向遍布，这是阳气前通的象征。将其比作奇方、急方，属于宣剂、通剂的范畴。所以主治阳气闭塞，导致寒风外侵，煮汤荡涤邪气，预先通达阳气，扬津液为汗液。先父说：葱叶离开白色部分转绿越大，去掉根部后气味更胜，所以从根基直彻头顶。张仲景说：少阴病出现面赤的，用四逆汤加葱白主治。先父说：阴经病出现面赤，称为戴阳。葱白不离于阴，用以通达阴中之阳。蕲阳说：将葱管吹盐进入阴茎内，治疗小便不通，以及转胞（膀胱扭转致小便不通）。先父说：虽然是吹入，实际上是透出；虽然是向下通利，实际上是向上达顶。《活人书》说：头痛剧烈如破裂者，用连根葱白半斤，佐生姜二两，水煮温服。先父说：治疗头部疾病用葱根，想要从甲乙（肝胆/始）直达丙丁（心火/极），邪气才能净尽。《深师方》说：胎动下血，疼痛极度抢心，用葱白煮浓汁饮服，未死即安，已死即出（指排出死胎）。先父说：葱白虽然通达阴分之阳，其机理轻捷，使邪气迅速排出，没有容留阻碍，所以中气不损，孕妇适宜使用。宗奭说：葱主要作用是发散，多吃会昏乱神志。先父说：发散心王之邪，其机理频繁，怎能避免自我伤害？又说：其气开出，应当入太阴经，其性通明，应当入阳明经，倘若阳明阖机不及者，投用此药危害不浅。又说：卒中闷绝，多属于阳气闭塞，葱的力量向内开通骨节，向外到达毫窍，下至足背脚跟，上彻头顶，可使生阳遍周全身四大部位，若出入的神机废弛，就无能为力了。
(Ben Jing, Middle Category)
[Taste and Nature] Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats evil qi in the heart and abdomen, five types of jaundice (Wu Dan), tonifies the middle jiao, benefits qi, and unblocks the nine orifices.
[Verification] It is said: Produced in the valleys of Dangshan and Chu region, currently mostly produced in Xiangyang, mostly coming from Xinye, Nanyang. In February, seeds are sown along the ridges; the seedlings resemble those of Agastache rugosa (Huo Xiang), with red stems and green nodes, purple flowers, and white fruits, which ripen in autumn. The roots are harvested around the Spring She festival; the root tips have white hairs like down, are pressed flat with stones, and dried in the sun. During collection, avoid human urine, donkey and horse manure, and smoke, as these can turn the roots yellow. If harvested before flowering, the root color is bright; if harvested after flowering, the root color is dull and poor, and unsuitable for dyeing. Processing: For every jin (500g) of Zicao, use 2 liang of wax, melt the wax water, mix and steam until the water evaporates completely. Remove the root tip and side hairs, finely chop, and use.
My late father said: Zicao has a vibrant color. Since the Liver governs color, and the color of the Liver is further influenced by wind, it is suitable for diseases manifesting with color changes. However, the Liver regulates urination and defecation...
[Commentary] It is said: Purple is an intermediate color, representing water overcoming fire. Its nature is cold and taste bitter, odor fragrant, and property clean. It inherits the clear and tranquil essence of water, possessing the function of repelling obstruction. It primarily treats turbid evil heat qi in the heart and abdomen, which stagnates to cause the five yellows (Wu Huang), damaging qi and blocking orifices; its power can repel obstruction and restore clarity. *Bie Lu* expands on treating evil qi in the heart and abdomen, as well as swelling, fullness, and pain, unblocking the nine orifices, and regulating water passages. If referring to pediatric sores, this indicates heat turbidity in the blood; facial dross-like rashes indicate heat turbidity in qi and color. Qi Yang expanded its use for pediatric sores, macules, papules, and pox toxins, promoting blood circulation and cooling blood to benefit the Large Intestine. *Jing Yan Fang* states: For smallpox on the third day, where lesions are faintly appearing, red in color, and accompanied by constipation, it is suitable. Zeng Shirong stated: It can be used for Spleen excess with accompanying heat, but should not be used for Spleen deficiency with accompanying cold. Be cautious, be cautious.
(Pediatricians often prioritize fresh herbs and lack time to observe complexion and inquire about symptoms to precisely determine etiology, leading to unpredictable outcomes of life and death. As stated by Zeng Shirong and *Jing Yan Fang*...)
(Ben Jing, Middle Category)
Within foul decay lies great miracle, thus its various functions are inconceivable. Because it can first unblock yang qi, naturally circulating throughout the four major parts of the body, thereby affecting the Heart, Liver, Spleen, Stomach... and nail growth...
[Taste and Nature] Pungent, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Decoction treats chills and fever due to Shanghan (Cold Damage), stroke (Zhong Feng), edema of the face and eyes, and induces sweating.
[Verification] It is said: Available everywhere. There are four types: Those growing in valleys are called Cong (Scallion). Those growing on land are called Hu Cong (Allium chinense), Dong Cong (Winter Onion), and Han Cong (Han Scallion). Han Cong, also known as Mu Cong, has thin stems and mild taste, blooms in spring, and produces black, three-lobed seeds. Dong Cong, also known as Winter Cong, Ci Cong, or Da Guan Cong, has soft and fragrant stems, does not produce seeds, is propagated by division, declines in summer and thrives in winter. Hu Cong has coarse and hard stems and leaves. [Another type of] Cong resembles Hu Cong but is slightly finer. Among onions used for treating diseases, Dong Cong is best for medicinal use.
[Commentary] The white root has layered texture, and the green stem is hollow, reaching up and spreading horizontally, symbolizing the forward flow of yang qi. It corresponds to extraordinary formulas (Qi Fang) and urgent formulas (Ji Fang), belonging to the category of dispersing agents (Xuan Ji) and unblocking agents (Tong Ji). Therefore, it primarily treats blockage of yang qi causing external invasion of cold wind; decocting it washes away pathogens, first unblocking yang qi and transforming fluids into sweat. My late father said: The greener the part of the scallion leaf away from the white base, and the more effective the scent when the root is removed, the more it reaches from the foundation to the vertex. Zhang Zhongjing stated: For Shaoyin disease presenting with red face, Si Ni Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction) added with Cong Bai (White Part of Scallion) is indicated. My late father said: Red face in Yin meridians is called Dai Yang (Floating Yang). Cong Bai remains within Yin to unblock the yang within yin. Qi Yang stated: Blowing salt into the urethra via a scallion tube treats urinary retention and zhuan bao (bladder torsion). My late father said: Although blown in, it actually penetrates out; although acting downward, it actually reaches upward. *Huo Ren Shu* states: For severe headache as if splitting, use half a jin of scallion with root, assisted by two liang of ginger, decocted and taken warm. My late father said: Using scallion root for head diseases aims to move from Jia/Yi (Liver/Gallbladder/Beginning) directly to Bing/Ding (Heart/Small Intestine/Peak), so that pathogens are completely cleared. *Shen Shi Fang* states: For fetal movement with bleeding and extreme pain seizing the heart, drink thick decoction of Cong Bai; if not dead, it calms; if dead, it expels. My late father said: Although Cong Bai unblocks yang in the yin aspect, its mechanism is agile, expelling pathogens quickly without obstruction, thus not damaging middle qi, making it suitable for pregnancy. Zong Shi stated: Scallion mainly disperses; excessive consumption confuses the spirit. My late father said: Dispersing evil from the Heart King frequently may inevitably cause self-harm. He also said: Its ascending nature enters the Taiyin meridian; its penetrating brightness enters the Yangming meridian. If the closing mechanism of Yangming is insufficient, administering it causes significant harm. He also said: Sudden collapse and unconsciousness often belong to yang qi blockage. The power of scallion opens bone joints internally, reaches hair follicles externally, descends to the dorsum of the foot and heels, and ascends to the vertex, allowing sheng yang (generative yang) to circulate throughout the four major parts of the body. If the divine mechanism of entry and exit is slackened, it becomes ineffective.