（本经中品）
【气味】苦寒，无毒。
【主治】主寒湿风痹，黄胆，补中。
【核】曰∶出乔山山谷，今圃人作畦种莳矣。《史记》云∶千亩卮、茜，其人与千户侯
等，言其利溥浓也。季冬生苗，蔓延数丈。方茎中空，外有细刺，数寸作节。每节五叶，似
枣叶，头尖下阔，七月开花，结实如小椒，中有细子。修事，用铜刀于槐砧上锉细，日干，
勿犯铅铁器，勿用赤柳草根，形状相似，只是味酸涩。误服令人患内瘴，速服甘草水，其毒
即散。畏鼠粘，汁制雄黄。
【 】曰∶茜即 ，《毛诗》所谓茹芦，蜀本所谓染绯草也。肝主色，茜色胜，当入肝；
心主赤，茜色赤，当入心。具春升夏出之机，故主补中。俾通寒湿风痹，及色变于色，而致
疸黄也。周官庶氏，掌除蛊毒，以嘉草攻之， 荷之与茜也。而茜功最胜，故别录用治蛊毒
耳。一名地血，一名茅搜。能入阴分，止内崩吐衄。一名风车草，一名过山龙。先人云∶风
龙肝属，血乃所藏，西金青木，为用是臧。
（本经中品）
【气味】酸，微寒，无毒。
【主治】主妇人产乳余疾，崩中，症瘕，血闭，寒热羸瘦，养胎。
【核】曰∶紫葳即凌霄花也。多生山中，人家亦种。初作蔓生，依大木上，渐延至巅。
年深者，藤大如杯，一枝数叶，尖长有齿，深青色。自夏至秋，一枝开花数十朵，如萱花，
赭黄五瓣，有细点，深秋更赤。八月结荚，长三寸许，子轻薄，如榆荚仁。
【 】曰∶紫葳，一名武葳，一名凌霄。谓从底彻顶，秉木德自下而上之体用，合入少
阳胆，厥阴肝。肝者将军之官，胆者中正之官，原具武威之政令故也。故主厥阴所司之胞胎，
少
紫合寅申，及巳亥之各半，巳亥即厥阴水火之胞胎，寅申即少阳金木之乳字， 勘越人十有
九难，则知太极判两仪而作胞胎，两仪生四象而成乳字意矣。
（将军之官具威武，中正之官具政令，二官能胜其用，能尽其职矣。）
（《神农本草经》列为中品）
【气味】味苦，性寒，无毒。
【主治】主治寒湿引起的风痹，黄疸，以及补益中气。
【考证】曰：茜草产于乔山的山谷中，如今园丁已将其起垄种植。《史记》记载：“拥有千亩卮草和茜草的人，其财富相当于千户侯”，说的是它的利润丰厚。季冬时节生出苗芽，蔓延数丈远。茎方形且中空，外表有细刺，每隔数寸有一节。每节生有五片叶子，形状像枣叶，叶尖下宽，七月开花，结出的果实像小花椒，里面有细小的种子。炮制加工时，用铜刀在槐木砧板上锉成细末，晒干，不要接触铅铁器具，不要用赤柳草根，因为形状相似，只是味道酸涩。误服会让人患上内瘴病，迅速服用甘草水，毒性即可消散。畏鼠粘子（牛蒡子），可用其汁液炮制雄黄。
【按语】曰：茜即茜草，《毛诗》中所说的茹芦，蜀地本草中所说的染绯草。肝主司颜色，茜草色胜，应当入肝；心主司红色，茜草色赤，应当入心。具备春季升发、夏季生长的生机，所以主治补益中气。使寒湿风痹得以通畅，以及因色变导致的黄疸得以治愈。《周礼·夏官·庶氏》掌管清除蛊毒，用嘉草来攻治它，荷草与茜草便是此类。而茜草的功效最显著，所以单独收录用于治疗蛊毒。又名地血，又名茅搜。能进入阴分，止住内部崩漏、吐血、衄血。又名风车草，又名过山龙。先人说：风龙属肝，血乃所藏，西金青木，发挥作用是好的。
（《神农本草经》列为中品）
【气味】味酸，微寒，无毒。
【主治】主治妇女产后余疾，崩中，症瘕，血闭，寒热羸瘦，养胎。
【考证】曰：紫葳即凌霄花。多生长在山中，人家也种植。起初作为蔓生植物，依附在大树上，逐渐延伸到顶端。年代久远的，藤粗如杯口，一枝上有几片叶子，尖长且有锯齿，深青色。从夏至秋，一枝开出几十朵花，像萱花一样，赭黄色五瓣，有细点，深秋时更红。八月结荚，长约三寸左右，种子轻薄，像榆荚仁。
【按语】曰：紫葳，一名武葳，一名凌霄。谓其从底部通到顶部，秉承木德自下而上的体用，合入少阳胆经和厥阴肝经。肝是将军之官，胆是中正之官，原本就具备武威的政令。所以主治厥阴所主管的胞胎，少阳... 结合寅申及巳亥的各半，巳亥即厥阴水火之胞胎，寅申即少阳金木之乳字，参看《难经》第十九难，就知道太极判分两仪而作胞胎，两仪生四象而成乳字的意思了。
（将军之官具备威武，中正之官具备政令，二官能胜任其作用，能尽其职责了。）
(Shennong Bencao Jing, Middle Category)
[Flavor and Nature] Bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats wind-bi caused by cold-dampness, jaundice, and tonifies the middle jiao (middle energizer).
[Verification] It is stated: Qiancao (Radix Rubiae) grows in the valleys of Qiao Mountain; nowadays, gardeners cultivate it in raised beds. The "Records of the Grand Historian" states: "One who possesses a thousand mu of Zhi grass and Qiancao has wealth equivalent to that of a Marquis of a Thousand Households," indicating its substantial profit. Seedlings emerge in the late winter, spreading for several zhang. The stem is square, hollow inside, with fine thorns on the outside, having nodes every few cun. Each node bears five leaves, resembling jujube leaves, pointed at the tip and broad at the base. Flowers bloom in the seventh lunar month, bearing fruit like small peppercorns, containing fine seeds. For processing, use a copper knife to mince it finely on a locust wood anvil, then dry it in the sun. Do not let it come into contact with lead or iron vessels. Do not use Cheliugen (Radix Salicis Mume), as it resembles Qiancao but tastes sour and astringent. Accidental ingestion causes internal zhang syndrome; quickly drinking licorice water disperses the toxicity. It is inhibited by Niu Bang Zi (Fructus Arctii), and Realgar (Xionghuang) can be processed using its juice.
[Commentary] It is said: Qian refers to Qiancao, known as Rulu in the "Classic of Poetry," and Ranfei Cao (Dyer's Madder) in the Shu edition of Bencao. The Liver governs color; since Qiancao's color is superior, it enters the Liver. The Heart governs red; since Qiancao is red, it enters the Heart. Possessing the mechanism of spring rising and summer emerging, it primarily tonifies the middle. It facilitates the unblocking of cold-damp wind-bi and treats jaundice caused by discoloration. In the "Rites of Zhou," the official Shushi was responsible for removing gu poison, attacking it with Jia Cao (auspicious herbs); He Cao and Qiancao are such herbs. Since Qiancao's efficacy is the most outstanding, it is separately recorded for treating gu poison. Also named Dixue (Earth Blood) and Maosou. It can enter the yin aspect and stop internal bleeding, hematemesis, and epistaxis. Also named Fengche Cao (Windmill Grass) and Guoshan Long (Mountain-Crossing Dragon). Ancestors said: Fenglong belongs to the Liver; blood is stored therein. West Metal and Green Wood utilize this virtue effectively.
(Shennong Bencao Jing, Middle Category)
[Flavor and Nature] Sour, slightly cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats residual diseases after childbirth in women, metrorrhagia (bengzhong), zhengjia (masses), amenorrhea due to blood stasis, alternating chills and fever with emaciation, and nourishes the fetus.
[Verification] It is stated: Ziwei is the Lingxiao flower (Campsis grandiflora). It grows abundantly in mountains and is also cultivated by households. Initially growing as a vine, it clings to large trees, gradually extending to the top. In older plants, the vine is as thick as a cup, with several leaves per branch, which are long, pointed, serrated, and dark green. From summer to autumn, one branch blooms dozens of flowers, resembling daylilies, with five ochre-yellow petals dotted with fine spots, becoming redder in late autumn. Pods form in the eighth lunar month, about three cun long, containing light and thin seeds resembling elm samaras.
[Commentary] It is said: Ziwei is also named Wuwei and Lingxiao. This implies penetrating from bottom to top, embodying the virtue of Wood ascending from below to above, corresponding to the Shaoyang Gallbladder and Jueyin Liver meridians. The Liver is the General Official, and the Gallbladder is the Official of Justice, originally possessing the authority of martial might. Therefore, it treats the womb governed by the Jueyin, and the Shaoyang... Combining Yin-Shen and Si-Hai halves, Si-Hai represents the Jueyin water-fire womb, while Yin-Shen represents the Shaoyang metal-wood nursing function. Referencing the Nineteen Difficulties of Nanjing, one understands that the Supreme Ultimate divides into Two Modes to form the womb, and the Two Modes generate Four Images to form the nursing function.
(The General Official possesses majesty and power; the Official of Justice possesses administrative authority. These two officials can fulfill their functions and perform their duties.)