（别录上品）
【气味】辛温，无毒。
【主治】主风水毒肿，霍乱，心痛，去恶热。
（宋开宝）
【气味】辛温，无毒。
【主治】主温脾胃，止霍乱拥胀，风毒诸肿，齿疳 。能发诸香。
【核】曰∶出东海，及昆仑国，交、广、南番亦有。其树并高丈余，凌冬不凋，似栗似
桂，叶似栎。花似梅，实似山茱萸者鸡舌也，一名母丁。其实出枝，实盖如丁，长三四分者
丁香也，一名子丁。并紫色，既实称母子，当遵别录开宝为正，安可妄别雌雄。不知另有雄
树，开花不实，花酿成粉，香馥之臭，经久不散，出昆仑交爱以南。修事唯母丁力大，入药
最胜。用子丁，须去实盖乳子，否则发人痈背。忌火，畏郁金。
先人云∶鸡舌虽象形，然舌乃心苗，内藏丁火，暗相合也。又云∶辛温即心火气味，主臭亦
心所摄持。香即脾之臭也，有火土相袭之机，丁干就戊之道。
【 】曰∶鸡羽禽，征之音，丙干也。丁位丙次，舌者心苗，心亦火脏也。故丁香曰丁，
鸡舌曰母。盖丙为辛之刚，丁为壬之柔，是知丙合辛而水润下，丁合壬而木曲直也。设木忘
水源者，应病风水毒肿，为悖逆阴阳而霍乱作。自反而缩而心卒痛，皆恶热所酿，非朝夕之
故，繇之不早辨也。要知辛当归丙，壬当归丁，丙丁植而火炎上，火炎上而稼穑甘，阴凝至
而至坚冰者，泮然释矣。开宝主温脾胃，正所谓虚则补其母而土体充，宣五谷味而土用足也。
【《名医别录》列为上品】
【气味】辛，温，无毒。
【主治】主治风水引起的毒肿，霍乱，心痛，去除体内的恶热。
（宋代《开宝本草》）
【气味】辛，温，无毒。
【主治】主治温暖脾胃，止住霍乱导致的胀满，风毒引起的各种肿胀，牙齿疳疮。能够激发其他香料的香气。
【核】说：产于东海，以及昆仑国，交州、广州、南番也有出产。这种树高达一丈多，过冬不凋谢，形状像栗树又像桂树，叶子像栎树叶。花像梅花，果实像山茱萸的是鸡舌香，又名母丁香。它的果实长在枝头，果盖像钉子，长三四分的是丁香，又名子丁香。都是紫色的，既然果实有母子之分，应当遵循《名医别录》和《开宝本草》的记载为正统，怎么能胡乱区分雌雄呢？不知道另有雄树，只开花不结果，花朵酿成粉末，香气浓郁持久不散，产于昆仑、交爱以南的地方。炮制加工时只有母丁药效强大，入药效果最好。使用子丁时，必须去掉果盖和乳子，否则会引起人体背部生痈疽。忌火，畏郁金。
祖先曾说：鸡舌虽然是因为形状像舌头而得名，但舌是心的苗窍，内部藏着丁火，暗中相互契合。又说：辛温的气味属于心火，主管嗅觉也是由心所控制。香是脾的气味，具有火土相生的机理，符合丁干就合戊干的道理。
【某位学者】说：鸡羽禽类，对应征音，属于丙干。丁位在丙之后，舌是心的苗窍，心也是火脏。所以丁香称为丁，鸡舌称为母。大概丙是辛的刚强表现，丁是壬的柔和表现，由此可知丙与辛相合而水润下，丁与壬相合而木曲直。如果树木忘记了水源，就会应验出现风水毒肿，这是违背阴阳规律而导致霍乱发作。自我反省感到理屈气短而心脏突然疼痛，这都是恶热酿成的后果，不是朝夕之间形成的原因，是由于没有及早辨别所致。要知道辛应当归属于丙，壬应当归属于丁，丙丁确立则火炎上，火炎上则庄稼成熟味甘，阴气凝结至极变成坚冰的情况，就会自然消融了。《开宝本草》主治温暖脾胃，这正是“虚则补其母”从而使土体充实，宣发五谷的味道从而使土的功能充足的意思。
[Recorded as Upper Grade in *Mingyi Bielu*]
[Flavor and Nature] Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats toxic swelling caused by Wind-Water (Fengshui), Cholera (Huoluan), Heart pain, and eliminates malignant heat from the body.
(Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Flavor and Nature] Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily warms the Spleen and Stomach, stops distension and fullness associated with Cholera (Huoluan), treats various swellings caused by Wind-Toxin, and dental gan disease (Chi Gan). It can stimulate the aroma of other fragrant herbs.
[Nucleus/Commentary] States: Produced in the East Sea, as well as in Kunlun Country; also found in Jiaozhou, Guangzhou, and Southern Fan regions. The tree grows over one zhang high, remains evergreen through winter, resembling a chestnut or cinnamon tree, with leaves similar to oak. Flowers resemble plum blossoms, and fruits resembling Cornus officinalis (Shanzhuyu) are Ji She Xiang (Clove Bud/Mother Clove), also known as Mu Ding. Its fruit grows on branches; the cap resembling a nail, measuring three to four fen in length, is Ding Xiang (Clove), also known as Zi Ding. Both are purple. Since the fruits have a mother-son distinction, one should follow the records of *Mingyi Bielu* and *Kaibao Bencao* as orthodox, rather than arbitrarily distinguishing between male and female. It is unknown that there is another type of male tree which flowers but does not bear fruit; its flowers ferment into powder, emitting a rich fragrance that persists for a long time, produced south of Kunlun and Jiaoai. For processing, only Mu Ding has strong potency and is superior for medicinal use. When using Zi Ding, one must remove the fruit cap and the inner seed, otherwise it may cause carbuncles on the back. Avoid fire; incompatible with Curcuma aromatica (Yujin).
Ancestor stated: Although Ji She [Chicken Tongue] is named for its shape resembling a tongue, the tongue is the sprout of the Heart, internally harboring Ding Fire, which secretly harmonizes. Furthermore, the Pungent-Warm nature corresponds to the flavor and nature of Heart Fire, and the sense of smell is governed by the Heart. Fragrance is the odor of the Spleen, possessing the mechanism of mutual generation between Fire and Earth, following the path of Ding combining with Wu.
[A Scholar] states: Chicken feathers and birds correspond to the徵 (Zhi) tone, belonging to the Bing stem. Ding follows Bing in position; the tongue is the sprout of the Heart, and the Heart is also a Fire organ. Therefore, Ding Xiang is called Ding, and Ji She is called Mother. Generally, Bing represents the rigid aspect of Xin, while Ding represents the flexible aspect of Ren. From this, we know that Bing combines with Xin while Water flows downward, and Ding combines with Ren while Wood bends and straightens. If a tree forgets its water source, it manifests as toxic swelling due to Wind-Water, which is a rebellion against Yin and Yang leading to Cholera (Huoluan). Feeling inwardly constrained and suffering sudden heart pain are all brewed by malignant heat, not a matter of days or nights, but due to failure to distinguish early. One must understand that Xin should belong to Bing, and Ren should belong to Ding. When Bing and Ding are established, Fire flares upward; when Fire flares upward, crops mature and become sweet; when Yin condenses to the extreme forming hard ice, it naturally melts. *Kaibao Bencao* indicates warming the Spleen and Stomach, which precisely means "tonifying the mother when deficient" thereby enriching the substance of Earth, and promoting the flavors of the five grains thereby sufficing the function of Earth.