补肺肾、涩精气。
性温。五味俱备。（皮甘、肉酸、核中苦辛、都有咸味、酸咸为多。能敛肺气而滋肾水。）
气
为水母、经曰∶肺欲收、急食酸以收之、王好古曰∶入手太阳血分、足少阴气分。）益气生
津。（肺主气敛、故能益、益气故能生津、夏月宜常服、以泻火而益金。）补虚明目。涩精强
阴。（内核如肾、象形之义。）退热敛汗。止呕住泻。宁嗽定喘。（感风寒而喘嗽者、当表散
、宜羌防苏桔、痰壅气逆而喘嗽者、当清降、宜二陈及苏子降气汤、水气逆而喘嗽者、宜小
青龙、半夏茯苓汤、气虚病久而喘嗽者、宜人参五味。）除烦渴。消水肿。解酒毒。收耗散
之气。瞳子散大。（洁古云∶夏服五味、使人精神顿加、两足筋力涌出、东垣云∶收瞳神散
大、火热必用之药、丹溪曰∶收肺补肾、乃火嗽必用之药、五味功用虽多、收肺保肾四字
、足以尽之。）按五味乃要药。人多不敢用者。寇氏虚热之说误之尔。唯风邪在表。痧疹初
发。一切停饮。肺家有实热者。皆当禁之。北产紫黑者良。入滋补药。每粒铜刀切作两片。
蜜酒拌蒸。晒干焙。临用再研碎。入劳嗽药。捶碎核。生用。南产色红而枯。若风寒在肺。
宜南者。苁蓉为使。恶葳蕤。熬膏良。（烂弦风眼、五味子、蔓荆子煎汤、频洗之、效。）
补益肺肾，固涩精气。
性温。五味俱全。（果皮甘、果肉酸、核中苦辛、兼有咸味，以酸、咸味为主。能收敛肺气而滋补肾水。）
气（为水之母。《内经》说：肺喜收敛，急用酸味药以收敛它；王好古说：入足太阳膀胱经血分，足少阴肾经气分。）益气生津。（肺主一身之气，具有收敛特性，故能补气；既然能补气，自然能生津液。夏季适宜常服，以清泻火热而补益肺金。）补虚明目。固精强阴。（内核形状像肾脏，符合取象比类的意义。）退热敛汗。止呕止泻。宁嗽定喘。（因感受风寒引起的喘咳，应当解表发散，宜用羌活、防风、紫苏、桔梗；痰浊壅盛、气机上逆引起的喘咳，应当清降，宜用二陈汤及苏子降气汤；水饮上逆引起的喘咳，宜用小青龙汤、半夏茯苓汤；气虚且病程长久引起的喘咳，宜用人参五味子汤。）除烦渴。消水肿。解酒毒。收敛耗散之气。使瞳孔缩小。（洁古说：夏季服用五味子，使人精神顿时振奋，两腿筋力涌现；东垣说：收敛散大的瞳神，是治疗火热证的必用药物；丹溪说：收敛肺气、补益肾气，是治疗火邪咳嗽的必用药物。五味子的功效虽然多，但“收肺保肾”四个字足以概括其全部作用。）按：五味子是重要的药物。人们大多不敢使用，这是被寇宗奭关于“虚热”的说法误导了。只有风邪在表、痧疹初发、一切停聚的水饮、肺家有实热的情况，都应当禁用。北地产的紫黑色者质量优良。用于滋补药时，每粒用铜刀切成两片，用蜜酒拌蒸，晒干后焙干，临用时再研碎。用于劳损咳嗽的药方中，需捶碎果核，生用。南产的颜色红且干枯。如果是风寒在肺，宜用南产的。以肉苁蓉为使药。畏葳蕤。熬成膏剂效果好。（烂弦风眼病，用五味子、蔓荆子煎汤，频繁清洗，有效。）
Tonifies the Lung and Kidney, astringes essence and qi.
Nature is warm. All five flavors are present. (The skin is sweet, the flesh is sour, the core is bitter and acrid, with a salty taste; sour and salty flavors predominate. It can astringe Lung qi and nourish Kidney water.)
Qi (is the mother of water. The *Jingui Yaolue* states: "The Lung desires to gather; urgently use sour substances to gather it." Wang Haogu stated: "Enters the Blood aspect of the Foot-Taiyang [Bladder] channel and the Qi aspect of the Foot-Shaoyin [Kidney] channel.") Benefits qi and generates fluids. (The Lung governs qi and has a gathering nature, thus it can benefit qi; by benefiting qi, it can generate fluids. It is suitable for regular consumption in summer to clear fire and benefit Metal [Lung].) Tonifies deficiency and brightens the eyes. Astringes essence and strengthens yin. (The inner core resembles the Kidney, following the principle of form symbolism.) Reduces fever and arrests sweating. Stops vomiting and diarrhea. Calms cough and stabilizes asthma. (For asthma and cough caused by wind-cold invasion, exterior release is indicated; Qianghuo, Fangfeng, Zisu, Jiegeng are appropriate. For asthma and cough caused by phlegm turbidity and rebellious qi, clearing and descending is indicated; Erchen Tang and Suzi Jiangqi Tang are appropriate. For asthma and cough caused by water qi rebellion, Xiaolongqing Tang or Banxia Fuling Tang are appropriate. For asthma and cough due to qi deficiency and chronic illness, Renshen Wuweizi Tang is appropriate.) Eliminates irritability and thirst. Reduces edema. Resolves alcohol toxicity. Collects scattered qi. Constricts dilated pupils. (Jiegu said: "Consuming Wuweizi in summer causes spirit to suddenly improve and leg sinew strength to surge." Dongyuan said: "To constrict dilated pupils, this is an essential herb for heat-fire conditions." Danxi said: "Astringing Lung and tonifying Kidney makes it an essential herb for fire-induced cough." Although Wuweizi has many functions, the four characters "astringe Lung and protect Kidney" suffice to summarize them all.) Note: Wuweizi is a crucial herb. Many people dare not use it; this error stems from Kou Zongshi's theory regarding "deficiency heat." Contraindications include: wind pathogen at the exterior, initial eruption of measles/rash, all types of retained fluid retention, and excess heat in the Lung. The purple-black variety produced in the North is superior. When used in tonifying formulas, each berry should be sliced into two pieces with a copper knife, steamed with honey and wine, dried, and roasted, then crushed before use. When used for consumptive cough, crush the core and use raw. The Southern variety is red and shriveled. If wind-cold is in the Lung, the Southern variety is preferred. Congrong serves as the guiding herb. It is incompatible with Weirou. Making it into a paste is effective. (For marginal blepharitis [rotten rim wind eye], decoct Wuweizi and Manjingzi, and wash frequently; this is effective.)